Mouritsensmart5953

Approaching mental health on a global scale with particular reference to low- and mid-income countries raises issues concerning the disregard of the local context and values and the imposition of values characteristic of the Global North. Seeking a philosophical viewpoint to surmount these problems, the present paper argues for a value-laden framework for psychiatry with the specific incorporation of value pluralism, particularly in relation to the Global South context, while also emphasizing personal values such as the choice of treatment. In sketching out this framework, the paper aims to overcome the clash between universalism and relativism about psychiatric categories by focusing on how overlaps between cultures can contribute to ontology-building. A case study analyzing ethnopsychiatric research in the context of South India will illustrate the proposed view, while also pointing out avenues for further research on the causal efficacy of local shared beliefs about mental disorder. If approaches across different traditions and theoretical frames are shown to work in treating similar ailments, causal connections appear to cut across the different ontologies. Ethnopsychiatry would play a central role in such research, namely in disclosing the variables and mechanisms at work within the local approaches.

To develop and validate a clinical nomogram for individualized predicting hematoma expansion (HE) in patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH).

A total of 1025 patients with ICH were retrospectively enrolled in the development cohort between 2010 and 2016. We identified and integrated significant factors for HE to build a nomogram. The model was subjected to validation with a separate cohort of 397 patients from the 2017-2019. The predictive accuracy and discriminative ability were measured by concordance index (C-index). The primary outcome was HE, defined as hematoma growth more than 6mL or 33% increase in the volume.

A total of 1025 patients were included for univariable analysis. HE occurred in 180 patients (17.6%). The time to initial CT (≤6h vs. >6h; p=0.001), NIHSS score (0-4 vs. 5-14 vs. ≥15; p=0.031), CTA spot sign (yes vs. no vs. absent; p=0.018), hypodensities (p=0.000), blend sign (p=0.005), and INR (<1.2 vs. ≥1.2; p=0.009) were identified and entered into the nomogram. The calibration curves for probability of HE showed optimal agreement between nomogram prediction and actual observation. The C-index was 0.751. The validation cohort consisted of 397 patients and HE occurred in 78 patients (19.6%). The C-index was 0.743.

We developed and validated a nomogram that can individually predict HE for ICH in Chinese populations. This practical prognostic nomogram may help clinicians make decision of clinical practice and design of clinical studies.

We developed and validated a nomogram that can individually predict HE for ICH in Chinese populations. This practical prognostic nomogram may help clinicians make decision of clinical practice and design of clinical studies.The present study is aiming to describe clinical characteristics, surgical flowchart and treatment results of eleven adolescent patients with primary aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) of sacrum and review in the literature. We retrospectively reviewed eleven young patients with sacral primary ABC, which had the intact clinical and follow-up information at our bone tumor center from 2001 to 2018. The literature review was based on Google Scholar, Medline, EMBASE and Pubmed databases. The search was performed using terms of "aneurysmal bone cyst", "sacral tumor", "sacrum tumor" "spine tumor" and "spinal tumor" for the literature review from 1998 to 2019. There were six male and five female with a mean age of 13 years old at the presentation. The mean follow-up duration was 6.5 years. No patient died of disease and had the pulmonary metastasis. Two patients had wound complications, including onesurgical site infection and one wound dehiscence. No patient had the local recurrence and neurologic deficit. In the literature review, 11 articles were reviewed and 45 cases with sacral primary ABC were included. The rate of local recurrence may be higher than that in our cohort. We proposed our flow chart for preparation of surgery for patients. Preoperative selective arterial embolization and intraoperative aortic balloon occlusion could provide the clear surgical vision and guarantee complete tumor excision by intralesional curettage. Preoperative selective arterial embolization, intraoperative aortic balloon occlusion and complete tumor excision by intralesional curettage can yield satisfactory results with a low rate of recurrence in adolescent patients with a sacral primary ABC.The superior cerebellar artery (SCA) is the most frequent offending vessel in trigeminal neuralgia. This study aims to elucidate the patterns of the SCA running in 34 patients with typical trigeminal neuralgia using three-dimensional computer graphics. Olaparib The SCA which runs in the medial aspect of the trigeminal nerve compressed predominantly the root entry zone at the distal segment of the caudal loop. Meanwhile, the SCA which runs in the cranial or lateral aspect of the trigeminal nerve compressed predominantly the mid-third portion at the proximal segment of the caudal loop. The site of neurovascular compression differed depending on the shape of the initial segment of SCA. Transposition methods could not be performed in several patients with arch-shaped SCA. Three-dimensional computer graphics revealed different characteristics of the SCA running in trigeminal neuralgia depending on the site of neurovascular compression and shape of the SCA. These differences might affect procedures for microvascular decompression.In December 2019, COVID-19 outbroke in Wuhan, then sweeping the mainland of China and the whole world rapidly. On March 4, Beijing Ditan Hospital confirmed the existence of SARS-CoV-2 in the cerebrospinal fluid by gene sequencing, indicating the neurotropic involvement of SARS-CoV-2. Meanwhile, neurological manifestations in the central nervous system, peripheral nervous system and skeletal muscular were also observed, indicating the potential neuroinvasion of SARS-CoV-2. In particular, we focused on its neurological manifestations and specific pathogenesis, as well as its comparison with other viral respiratory infections. Finally, we further summarized the significance of the neuroinvasion and the follow-up issues that need to be paid attention to by scientists, so as to help neurologists understand the influence of SARS-CoV-2 on nervous system better and promote the accurate diagnosis and efficient treatment of COVID-19.