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Understanding the molecular and cellular link of common risk factors between NCDs and periodontal disease would ensure the application of CRFA. The CRFA implies that controlling the risk factors associated with NCDs can have an incredible positive impact on regulating many chronic conditions, which would extend to periodontal health also.

Understanding the molecular and cellular link of common risk factors between NCDs and periodontal disease would ensure the application of CRFA. The CRFA implies that controlling the risk factors associated with NCDs can have an incredible positive impact on regulating many chronic conditions, which would extend to periodontal health also.

This systematic review aimed to investigate the correlation between mandibular asymmetry and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs).

A systematic search of the published literature was performed in electronic databases such as PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, Google Scholar, Clinicaltrials.gov, and Saudi Digital Library. Gray literature was searched through System for Information on Grey Literature through OpenGrey. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement was followed in the investigation. The focussed question according to PICO format was "does the mandibular asymmetry contribute to temporomandibular disorders"? Eligibility criteria included clinical trials (CTs), observation studies, cross-sectional and cohort studies in English that investigated mandibular asymmetries and TMD among patients. Blind and duplicate study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were carried out.

The initial search resulted in 1906 articles, of which 11 (8 CTs, 1 cross-sectional, 1 retrospective, and 1 observational) studies were selected for qualitative synthesis after fulfilling the eligibility criteria.

Most of the studies included in this review showed either very high risk or high risk of bias. Despite the low certainty of evidence, the current study indicated a likely relationship between mandibular asymmetries and TMDs.

Most of the studies included in this review showed either very high risk or high risk of bias. Despite the low certainty of evidence, the current study indicated a likely relationship between mandibular asymmetries and TMDs.

The purpose of the systematic review was to provide a summary and evaluation of oral sensory challenges in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

The review evaluated 19 studies that met the inclusion and search criteria. The review is registered in Prospero Database (CRD42020179852). The 14 studies (8 case-control, 4 cohort, 1 observational, and 1 randomized clinical trial) were related to speech disorders and five studies (case-control studies) were associated with feeding and eating behavior in ASD. The meta-analysis of speech and feeding behavior was analyzed by using risk ratios (RRs) and standardized mean difference (SMD), with 95% confidence interval (CI).

The meta-analysis found a statistically significant difference of speech disorder between children and adolescents of ASD when compared with typically developed or other neurotypical children of similar age [0.4891 (95% CI = -2.4580; 1.4799), fixed effect; -0.1726 (95% CI = -14.2925; 7.5697), random effect]. Feeding and eficant lack in oral sensory-motor synchronization, incomplete motor planning, and poor oral neuromuscular coordination.Ocular cysticercosis is caused by the larval form of pork tapeworm for which humans and pigs are the intermediate hosts. Intense inflammation secondary to immunological reaction is the hallmark feature of the infection, which can affect almost any tissue of the host. Orbital imaging yields specific features suggestive of the diagnosis. Although medical management is the recommended treatment for extra-ocular and retro-orbital cysticercosis, surgical removal has also been suggested by several authors. Here, we report two cases of subconjunctival cysticercosis, successfully managed with medical treatment alone using oral steroid and albendazole. Surgical excision for subconjunctival cysticercosis is associated with complications which can be observed even with the most experienced hands. Through these two cases, we wish to sensitize the practicing physicians regarding the most common ocular infestation seen in the developing countries along with brief literature review on the management protocols to be followed before any surgical reference.Delayed recognition and treatment of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) in adults leads to devastating complications. A 24-year-old woman presented with diarrhea, malaise, and shortness of breath. N6-methyladenosine nmr Her medical history included blunt abdominal trauma for which, she had bowel resection surgery and revision surgery within a year of the last surgery at the age of 8 years. She had difficulty in night vision and dry eyes. The best-corrected visual acuity was 6/18 in the BE. On slit-lamp examination in the both eyes (BE), the conjunctiva was thick, dry-looking with wrinkling, and the cornea had diffused superficial punctate keratitis and in the left eye, there was corneal xerosis of 1.5 × 1.5 mm. Tear film breakup time was 0-s in the BE. Schirmer's were 30 mm BE. The rest of the ocular examination was within normal limits. A clinical diagnosis of xerophthalmia secondary to malabsorption was made and treated with systemic vitamin A and intense lubrication. With time, ophthalmic conditions improved, but she died due to poor general wellbeing and repeated hospital-acquired infections. The infrequent presentation of VAD in adults and the unusual etiology in this patient make this case interesting, whereas its potentially devastating consequences highlight the importance of its early recognition, treatment, and regular follow up needed by both patient and physician in the community (general practitioner and ophthalmologists) for the prevention of VAD complications and poor prognosis.Evaluation of pediatric hypereosinophilia (HE) is challenging, especially in the tropical developing countries, as appropriate diagnostic facilities may be lacking, parasitic/helminthic infections are common, and existing data on the etiology of severe eosinophilia are sparse. Second, data on long-term follow-up of these children including the temporal course of eosinophilia are also scarce. Besides, questions regarding the coexistence of multiple etiologies and their association with the severity of HE are largely unexplored. These challenges and questions often lead to diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas. We highlight these difficulties utilizing a real-life clinical description. We emphasize the need for long-term follow-up of such children as HE may be the combinatorial effect of multiple etiologies, rather than a single cause. We also describe an unusual association of severe eosinophilia in a child with toxoplasmosis that was treated successfully with 8-week combination therapy with azithromycin and cotrimoxazole (sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine were not available).Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. It usually spreads via direct invasion and lymphatics. Few cases with superficial spread to the uterine endometrium, fallopian tubes, and ovaries have been observed. The staging of these cases, as well as management, is not yet clear due to limited data. The Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging disregards uterine spread to upstage the disease, and it also fails to provide clear guidelines regarding the superficial extension to the ovaries and tubes which is not uncommon in these cases. A 63-year-old female with postmenopausal bleeding was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma on a pap smear. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a predominant endometrial lesion. Histopathology after Wertheim's hysterectomy revealed a squamous cell carcinoma of the endocervix, stage 1B2, that had spread superficially to the endometrium. A total of 48 cases of cervical cancer with superficial spread were identified. The commonest complaint was postmenopausal bleed in 39.39%. In 50% of the cases, the disease was carcinoma in situ, and 70.45% of the women had disease of stage 1B or less. In many cases, the disease had reached the tubes, 36.66%, and ovaries 23.33%. All women with stage 2A or lesser disease except for one were alive at 6 months after surgery. Superficial spread of cervical cancer is a distinct entity. Endometrial pathology must be ruled out before planning management in these women, especially when managing early-stage disease with conservative therapy.We report a case of a 14-year-old non-immunised girl with a prior history of measles infection presenting with afebrile seizures progressing to epilepsia partialis continua (EPC), quadriparesis and headache. Further evaluation revealed Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositivity with elevated anti-measles antibody titres in Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Electroencephalography showed focal epileptiform activity and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed bilateral, asymmetrical long repetition time MRI (TR) hyperintensities involving juxtacortical white matter in both parietal lobes, left temporal and also in the left basal ganglia without any contrast enhancement or Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) restriction. We describe the intriguing association of EPC with subacute measles encephalitis/measles inclusion body encephalitis (SME/MIBE) in the backdrop of immunocompromised state (HIV seropositivity), thought to have been acquired by vertical transmission. Also, prolonged asymptomatic HIV infection, first unmasked by measles infection, followed by rapidly deteriorating neurological illness makes this index case worthy to be reported.Chylothorax is an infrequent cause of pleural effusion that is most commonly caused by the obstruction or disruption of the thoracic duct. Chylothorax is rare in nephrotic syndrome. Unilateral chylothorax of the right side is due to the transdiaphragmatic shunting of chylous ascites. It is usually transient and self-limiting but a massive chylothorax requiring therapeutic thoracentesis can also be encountered. Here, we present a rare cause of chylous ascites-nephrotic syndrome resulting in chylothorax, where initially therapeutic thoracentesis is done followed by the management of nephrotic syndrome with modified Ponticelli regimen. This case highlights the need to consider chylous ascites as a cause of chylothorax via transdiaphragmatic shunting in patients with nephrotic syndrome to institute the appropriate treatment.Leiomyoma is the commonest benign mesenchymal tumor of the uterus, which can be developed at any site where smooth muscle cells are found. The broad ligament is the most common and ovary is one of the rarest extrauterine sites, accounting for 0.5-1% of all benign ovarian tumors. Herein, we report a case of ovarian leiomyoma in a perimenopausal female, clinically presented with heavy menstrual bleed, radiologically diagnosed as subserosal uterine fibroid. Intraoperatively, it was considered as ovarian fibroma but finally diagnosed as ovarian leiomyoma on histomorphology, which was confirmed on special stains and immunohistochemistry. A review of literature showed that less than 100 cases of primary ovarian leiomyomata have been reported until now. Ovarian leiomyoma is usually small, asymptomatic, and an incidental finding mostly, usually synchronously seen with uterine leiomyoma. Ovarian leiomyoma is a rare tumor, often misdiagnosed prior to surgical removal and it should be differentiated from other spindle cell neoplasm and solid tumors of the ovary.