Monradwentworth1869
ROSPERO 2020 CRD42020193302 .
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonotic disease caused by Leishmania infantum, for which dogs constitute the main urban parasite reservoir. Control measures and the treatment of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) are essential to reduce VL cases. Early and accurate detection of L. infantum-infected dogs is crucial to the success of VL control. To improve the serological detection of L. infantum-exposed dogs, we evaluated the early diagnosis capacity of a recombinant protein (rLci5) in an immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect naturally infected dogs. Additionally, we evaluated the persistence of the positive results obtained by rLci5 ELISA in comparison to other conventional diagnostic test methods.
Serum samples obtained from 48 L. infantum-infected dogs involved in a cohort study were evaluated using different diagnostic methods (qPCR, EIE-LVC, DPP-LVC and splenic culture). The results were compared to rLci5 ELISA to determine its capacity to diagnose L. infantum infection at earlier infection time poreover, rLci5 ELISA presented the greatest persistence with respect to test positivity 45.8% of the dogs evaluated.
Four diagnostic tests were compared to rLci5 ELISA, which presented earlier infection diagnosis and a greater persistence of positive test results. Accordingly, the use of the rLci5 ELISA can improve CVL diagnostic performance by detecting infected dogs sooner than other testing methods, with enhanced persistence of positive results over the course of the infection.
Four diagnostic tests were compared to rLci5 ELISA, which presented earlier infection diagnosis and a greater persistence of positive test results. Accordingly, the use of the rLci5 ELISA can improve CVL diagnostic performance by detecting infected dogs sooner than other testing methods, with enhanced persistence of positive results over the course of the infection.
The efficacy of stem cell therapy for ischemia repair has been limited by low cell retention rate. Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is a member of the transforming growth factor-β super family, which has multiple effects on development, physiology and diseases. The objective of the study is to investigate whether GDF11 could affect the efficacy of stem cell transplantation.
We explored the effects of GDF11 on proangiogenic activities of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for angiogenic therapy in vitro and in vivo.
Mouse bone marrow-derived MSCs were transduced with lentiviral vector to overexpress GDF11 (MSC
). After exposed to hypoxia and serum deprivation for 48h, MSC
were significantly better in viability than control MSCs (MSC
). Epertinib nmr MSC
also had higher mobility and better angiogenic paracrine effects. The cytokine antibody array showed more angiogenic cytokines in the conditioned medium of MSC
than that of MSC
, such as epidermal growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor-BB, placenta growth factor. When MSCs (1 × 10
cells in 50μl) were injected into ischemic hindlimb of mice after femoral artery ligation, MSC
had higher retention rate in the muscle than control MSCs. Injection of MSC
resulted in better blood reperfusion and limb salvage than that of control MSCs after 14days. Significantly more CD31
endothelial cells and α-SMA + smooth muscle cells were detected in the ischemic muscles that received MSC
. The effects of GDF11 were through activating TGF-β receptor and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
Our study demonstrated an essential role of GDF11 in promoting therapeutic functions of MSCs for ischemic diseases by enhancing MSC viability, mobility, and angiogenic paracrine functions.
Our study demonstrated an essential role of GDF11 in promoting therapeutic functions of MSCs for ischemic diseases by enhancing MSC viability, mobility, and angiogenic paracrine functions.
Research suggests that childhood psychological maltreatment (i.e., emotional abuse and emotional neglect) is associated with mental health problems that persist into adulthood, for example anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), suicidal ideation, and aggression; however, a systematic review and meta-analysis of the existing literature would help clarify the magnitude and moderators of these associations, and the extent to which they may be affected by publication bias, as well as the methodological strengths and weakness of studies in this area.
The reporting of this protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) Statement. Searches will be carried out via several databases, including Web of Science, Medline, PubMed, PsycINFO, Applied Social Science Index and Abstract, ERIC and EMBASE. Empirical peer-reviewed research articles that fit pre-specified eligibility criteria will be included in the review. Studies will be eligibl in the meta-analyses.
This systematic review will provide an understanding of the long-term effects of childhood psychological maltreatment on adult mental health, which adds to previous reviews focusing primarily on the effects of physical and sexual abuse. The results of the review will help inform clinical practice in approaches to treating those with a history of psychological maltreatment in childhood. The gaps and weaknesses in the evidence identified will also inform recommendations for future research.
This systematic review will provide an understanding of the long-term effects of childhood psychological maltreatment on adult mental health, which adds to previous reviews focusing primarily on the effects of physical and sexual abuse. The results of the review will help inform clinical practice in approaches to treating those with a history of psychological maltreatment in childhood. The gaps and weaknesses in the evidence identified will also inform recommendations for future research.
To systematically examine the clinical utility of tau-PET and Braak-staging as prognostic markers of future cognitive decline in older adults with and without cognitive impairment.
In this longitudinal study, we included 396 cognitively normal to dementia subjects with
F-Florbetapir/
F-Florbetaben-amyloid-PET,
F-Flortaucipir-tau-PET and ~ 2-year cognitive follow-up. Annual change rates in global cognition (i.e., MMSE, ADAS13) and episodic memory were calculated via linear-mixed models. We determined global amyloid-PET (Centiloid) plus global and Braak-stage-specific tau-PET SUVRs, which were stratified as positive(
)/negative(
) at pre-established cut-offs, classifying subjects as Braak
/Braak
/Braak
/Braak
/Braak
. In bootstrapped linear regression, we assessed the predictive accuracy of global tau-PET SUVRs vs. Centiloid on subsequent cognitive decline. To test for independent tau vs. amyloid effects, analyses were further controlled for the contrary PET-tracer. Using ANCOVAs, we tested whetr prognostication of patient-specific progression risk in clinical settings.
Tau-PET and Braak-staging are highly predictive markers of future cognitive decline and may be promising single-modality estimates for prognostication of patient-specific progression risk in clinical settings.
Only several empirical studies have examined substance use during the COVID-19 pandemic in general populations. Most of these studies compared self-reported substances use before the pandemic and during the pandemic's early stages. This study aims to identify the changes in substance use between the early and later waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel.
A cross-sectional online survey recruited 750 participants (ages 18-65) in two waves (1) 427 during and following the first lockdown (April-mid-May, 2020); and (2) 323 following the second lockdown (from October to mid-November, 2020).
Participants who experienced two lockdowns reported more frequent consumption of all alcoholic beverages and cannabis in the last 30days than those who experienced one lockdown. After controlling for demographic variables, significant differences were found between participants who experienced one lockdown and those who experienced two lockdowns in the consumption of alcoholic beverages (F(1, 742) = 6.90, p = .01, η
= .01). However, there was no significant association between pandemic duration and other illegal drug consumption.
There is a significant association between pandemic duration and alcohol consumption. Policymakers and practitioners should develop national alcohol and cannabis use prevention and harm reduction interventions during pandemics with a focus on men, singles and youth.
There is a significant association between pandemic duration and alcohol consumption. Policymakers and practitioners should develop national alcohol and cannabis use prevention and harm reduction interventions during pandemics with a focus on men, singles and youth.
The General Movements Assessment is a non-invasive and cost-effective tool with demonstrated reliability for identifying infants at risk for cerebral palsy. Early detection of cerebral palsy allows for the implementation of early intervention and is associated with better functional outcomes. No review to date has summarized the utility of the General Movements Assessment to predict cerebral palsy in term and late-preterm infants diagnosed with neonatal encephalopathy.
We conducted a scoping review involving infants born greater than or equal to 34weeks gestational age to identify all available evidence and delineate research gaps. We extracted data on sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values and described the strengths and limitations of the results. We searched five databases (MEDLINE, Embase, PsychINFO, Scopus, and CINAHL) and the General Movements Trust website. Two reviewers conducted all screening and data extraction independently. The articles were categorized accordingy associated with a low risk for moderate/severe cerebral palsy. The finding of cramped synchronized General Movements is a strong predictor for the diagnosis of cerebral palsy by 2years of age in the term population with neonatal encephalopathy. The deficit of high-quality research limits the applicability, and so the General Movements Assessment should not be used in isolation when assessing this population.
Title registration with Joanna Briggs Institute. URL http//joannabriggswebdev.org/research/registered_titles.aspx .
Title registration with Joanna Briggs Institute. URL http//joannabriggswebdev.org/research/registered_titles.aspx .
The correlations between patient characteristics and early postoperative functional performances after total knee arthroplasty have not been adequately studied. The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of preoperative characteristics (sex, age, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists grade, hospital for special surgery score) and intraoperative factors (duration of surgery and tourniquet use) on the time required to accomplish active straight-leg-raising, standing up, and walking as the objective performances for the initiation of early postoperative rehabilitation.
This cross-sectional retrospective study included 307 patients (384 primary total knee arthroplasties). Postoperative times required until each activity was accomplished were measured. Various preoperative characteristics and intraoperative factors that might affect three objective performances were evaluated.
The postoperative times required before each activity was accomplished were 1.5 ± 0.5 days for active straight-leg-raising, 1.
