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There are concerns that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative effect on cancer care but there is little direct evidence to quantify any effect. This study aims to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the detection and management of colorectal cancer in England.

Data were extracted from four population-based datasets spanning NHS England (the National Cancer Cancer Waiting Time Monitoring, Monthly Diagnostic, Secondary Uses Service Admitted Patient Care and the National Radiotherapy datasets) for all referrals, colonoscopies, surgical procedures, and courses of rectal radiotherapy from Jan 1, 2019, to Oct 31, 2020, related to colorectal cancer in England. Differences in patterns of care were investigated between 2019 and 2020. Percentage reductions in monthly numbers and proportions were calculated.

As compared to the monthly average in 2019, in April, 2020, there was a 63% (95% CI 53-71) reduction (from 36 274 to 13 440) in the monthly number of 2-week referrals for suspected cancer andarch Oxford Biomedical Research Centre.

Nocturnal enuresis (bedwetting) is a common disorder affecting 10-16% of 7-year-old children globally. Nocturnal enuresis is highly heritable, but its genetic determinants remain unknown. We aimed to identify genetic variants associated with nocturnal enuresis and explore its genetic architecture and underlying biology.

We did a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of nocturnal enuresis. Nocturnal enuresis cases were identified in iPSYCH2012, a large Danish population-based case cohort established to investigate mental disorders, on the basis of 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) diagnoses and redeemed desmopressin prescriptions in Danish registers. The GWAS was done in a genetically homogeneous sample of unrelated individuals using logistic regression with relevant covariates. All genome-wide significant variants were analysed for their association with nocturnal enuresis in an independent Icelandic sample from deCODE genetics. Standardised polygenic risk snley Foundation.

The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Stanley Foundation.Connexin (Cx) 43 is the most widely expressed gap junction protein in follicle granulosa cells and plays an important role in follicle development and growth. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of LH on the expression of Cx43 and key proteins in the downstream Wnt-β/catenin signalling pathway and to explore the mechanism underlying the regulation of Cx43 expression in granulosa cells. Primary culture granulosa cells were obtained from 21-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats, and were treated with different concentrations of LH (150, 300 and 600 IU L-1). Cx43 expression in granulosa cells was detected using immunofluorescence. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of Cx43, β-catenin and Axin2 proteins (Axin2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AXIN2 gene, which presumably plays an important role in the regulation of the stability of β-catenin in the Wnt signaling pathway) in granulosa cells with and without FH535 treatment (a Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway inhibitor). Cx43 expression was detected in the cytoplasm and cell membrane of granulosa cells. Treatment with a high concentration of LH (300 IU L-1) increased the expression of β-catenin and Axin2, as well as that of Cx43. FH535 treatment reduced the LH-induced increases in Cx43, β-catenin and Axin2. These results indicate that LH upregulates Cx43 expression in granular cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.Mineral nutrients influence photosynthesis and tissue formation; a shift from nitrogen (N)-limited to phosphorus (P)-limited growth induced by high N deposition may change plant growth in terms of physiology and morphology. This experiment showed that absolute and relative N and P supply affected net photosynthesis (source activity) and biomass formation (sink activity), and the relationship between source and sink activities of Holcus lanatus L. under various nutrient treatments. H. lanatus was grown at three NP ratios (5, 15, 45) with two absolute supply levels of N and P. Between NP 5 at low level and NP 45 at high level, and between NP 45 at low level and NP 5 at high level, there was a nine-fold difference in N and P supply. Maximum light-saturated net photosynthesis rate (Amax), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf area, and shoot and root biomass were determined during and after the growth process. Amax was minimal at NP 5 and increased only with increasing absolute N supply. Neither SLA nor leaf area were affected by NP; increasing absolute P supply significantly increased leaf area. Shoot and root biomass were minimal at NP 45 and increased dramatically with increasing absolute P supply. Plant biomass was not correlated with Amax. Our results highlight that H. lanatus growth is predominantly controlled by P supply and to a lesser extent by N, whereas net photosynthesis exerted no apparent control on growth under these sink-limited growth conditions. Our findings contribute to understanding of plant growth under sink-limited conditions.Light emitting diodes (LEDs) now enable precise light quality control. Prior to commercialisation however, the plant response to the resultant light quality regime ought to be addressed. The response was examined here in chrysanthemum by evaluating growth, chlorophyll fluorescence (before and following water deficit), as well as stomatal anatomy (density, size, pore dimensions and aperture heterogeneity) and closing ability. Plants were grown under blue (B), red (R), a mixture of R (70%) and B (RB), or white (W; 41% B, 39% intermediate spectrum, 20% R) light LEDs. Although R light promoted growth, it also caused leaf deformation (epinasty) and disturbed the photosynthetic electron transport system. The largest stomatal size was noted following growth under B light, whereas the smallest under R light. The largest stomatal density was observed under W light. Monochromatic R light stimulated both the rate and the degree of stomatal closure in response to desiccation compared with the other light regimes. We conclude that stomatal size is mainly controlled by the B spectrum, whereas a broader spectral range is important for determining stomatal density. Monochromatic R light enhanced stomatal ability to regulate water loss upon desiccation.It is widely acknowledged that many plant species can keep stomata open during night. We examined how nocturnal stomatal conductance differs among potted saplings of nine temperate tree species from diverse native habitats in wet and dry soil conditions, and how it affects plant predawn water status. Nocturnal stomatal conductance in dry soil conditions was low in all the species (with a maximum value of 14.6 mmol m-2 s-1); in wet conditions, it was the highest in Populus tremula L., a fast-growing and anisohydric pioneer species, and the lowest in Quercus robur L., a late-successional and isohydric species. Relatively high nocturnal stomatal conductance in wet conditions in P. tremula compared with the other species resulted in the highest difference in water potential values between the leaves and soil at predawn. As drought progressed, different species tended to keep stomata almost closed at night, and the observed differences between anisohydric and isohydric species disappeared. At an ample soil water supply, nocturnal stomatal behaviour was species dependent and varied according to both the water-use and the life strategies of the species. Keeping that in mind, one should therefore be careful when using predawn leaf water potential as a proxy for soil water potential, sampling different species.

Anxiety during pregnancy is one of the most common mental health problems and a significant risk factor for postpartum depression. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) is one of the most widely used self-report measures of anxiety symptoms available in multiple languages. This study evaluates the psychometric properties and underlying factor structures of the Spanish GAD-7 among pregnant women in Spain.

Spanish-speaking pregnant women (N = 385) were recruited from an urban obstetrics setting in Northern Spain. Women completed the GAD-7 and the anxiety subscale of the Symptom Checklist (SCL90-R) at three time points, once per trimester. The reliability, concurrent validity, and factor analyses were conducted to evaluate the psychometric properties and factor structure, respectively.

In the first trimester, the GAD-7 demonstrated good internal consistency (a = 0.89). GAD-7 is positively correlated with SCL90-R (anxiety subscale; r=0.75; p < 0.001). The proposed one-factor structure is found using exploratory factor analysis -FACTOR program - with Unweighted Least Squares procedure and optimal implementation of parallel analysis (GFI = 0.99).

Health providers should screen for anxiety using the GAD-7 during pregnancy among urban Spanish-speaking samples to provide appropriate follow-up care.

Health providers should screen for anxiety using the GAD-7 during pregnancy among urban Spanish-speaking samples to provide appropriate follow-up care.

The Cancer Survivors' Unmet Needs (CaSUN) measure is an assessment tool developed specifically for this population but several issues about its structural properties still remain unresolved.

The present study tests the theoretical model, the original authors' empirical solution, and a new rational proposal of the CaSUN using Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Reliability and convergent validity are also analysed. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/fph1-brd-6125.html 566 Spanish breast cancer survivors completed the CaSUN, the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18) and the Quality of Life in Adult Cancer Survivors questionnaire (QLACS).

The proposed model of five domains (physical effects, psychological effects, comprehensive care and information, practical issues, and relationships) plus a total score provided better fit than the authors' theoretical proposal and some advantages over their empirical proposal. Internal consistency (α = .73 - .95; r item-total > .30) and test-retest reliability (r = .74 - 89) were adequate. The CaSUN correlated with high emotional distress (r = .43 - .77) and poor quality of life (r = .18 - .64).

The CaSUN-S is an effective and complete instrument that can help health professionals to collect data about the impact of the disease beyond the diagnosis and treatment phase that is important for patient care.

The CaSUN-S is an effective and complete instrument that can help health professionals to collect data about the impact of the disease beyond the diagnosis and treatment phase that is important for patient care.

Violence against women has been classified as a worldwide public health problem. There are no assessment instruments of attitudes toward violence in couples adapted to the culture and the Spanish spoken in Colombia. The aim of the study is to adapt the Intimate Partner Violence Attitude Scales (IPVAS) and obtain validity evidence.

Two studies were carried out. Study 1 integrates expert appraisal evidence of content validity with psychometrics of the internal structure and evidence of the relationships between IPVAS measures and theoretically related variables by analyzing responses from a sample of the general population. Using a cross-validation approach, a confirmatory factor analysis was performed in study 2 to test the factor structure proposed in study 1. In addition, evidence of relationships with other variables was provided by analyzing data from another general population sample.

The results from study 2 support a two-dimensional structure with Abuse and Violence subscales for the Colombian IPVAS.