Middletonhenry5711

8 and 87.5%, respectively. No patient died or had a rebleeding during the follow up, but grade II hepatic encephalopathy (HE) occurred in two patients (13.3%) and shunt dysfunction was discovered in one patient (6.7%). CONCLUSION For the treatment of GVs, the new technique BAATO is feasible, safe and effective, and it may be a more convenient and economical method than conventional BRTO. In addition, the combination of BAATO and TIPS may play a positive role in achieving hemostasis and improving the complications of portal hypertension such as ascites and PVT.OBJECTIVES 'Coffee ground' vomiting (CGV) has classically been considered a sign of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. There is a paucity of data concerning endoscopic findings and outcomes in patients presenting with CGV. The aim of this study was to analyze endoscopic yield and 30-day outcomes in CGV patients. METHODS Analysis was performed over the period 1992-2005 and four groups were identified CGV alone, hematemesis alone, melena alone, and hematemesis and melena. Endoscopic yield, requirement for blood transfusion, rebleeding, and mortality rate at 30 days were calculated and compared using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS 6054 patients (mean age 61.3 years, 3538 male) were included in the study. NorNOHA The hematemesis group was younger compared with the other groups. Therefore, endoscopic yield was adjusted for age and sex. CGV was associated with a significantly lower risk of gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, varices, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, and Mallory-Weiss tears compared with some or all of the other groups. CGV was associated with an increased risk of esophagitis and no source was found. CGV was associated with a lower rate of blood transfusion and rebleeding (all P  less then  0.0001) but 30-day mortality rates were similar. CGV was less likely to require endoscopic intervention compared with the other groups (all P  less then  0.001). CONCLUSIONS CGV is associated with a lower endoscopic yield, requirement for blood transfusion, rebleeding rate, and potential for intervention compared to those with hematemesis, melena or both. Mortality rates are similar suggesting a nonbleeding cause and therefore questions the role of endoscopy in CGV.Calprotectin is a promising diagnostic biomarker for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) among cirrhotic patients, but published studies report a wide variation of its diagnostic accuracy. We systematically searched six databases for eligible studies (i.e., all original studies that reported ascitic calprotectin as a diagnostic marker for SBP in cirrhotic patients), and assessed their quality with the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool. We calculated the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios (PLR and NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) using the bivariate mixed-effect model. We constructed the summary receiver operating characteristic and determined the area under the curve (AUC). We registered the study protocol in PROSPERO (CRD42019125476). Our search retrieved 102 studies, of which 10 were included in the analysis. The overall risk of bias of these studies ranged from low to moderate. There was no heterogeneity from the threshold effect (Spearman correlation coefficient = 0.100, P value = 0.770). The pooled estimates [95% confidence intervals (CIs)] for ascitic calprotectin were as follows sensitivity 0.91 (95% CI 0.88-0.94), specificity 0.87 (95% CI 0.68-0.96), PLR 7.18 (95% CI 2.52-20.43), NLR 0.10 (95% CI 0.07-0.15), DOR 71.91 (95% CI 19.42-266.34), and AUC 0.92 (95% CI 0.90-0.94). The sensitivity analysis did not detect outliers, and the model had a robust goodness of fit. There was no significant publication bias detected (Deeks test of asymmetry, P value = 0.79). Ascitic calprotectin is a promising diagnostic biomarker for SBP in cirrhotic patients.Swimmers have a high prevalence of exercise induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), which may be associated with repeated exposure to chlorinated pool water. The eucapnic voluntary hyperpnea (EVH) test is used to diagnose EIB; however, it fails to replicate the environmental conditions experienced by swimmers. The relationship between the composition of the EVH inspired gas and the development of EIB from swim exercise remains unclear. PURPOSE To compare the bronchoconstrictive effect of a chlorinated inspirate EVH test and swim test to laboratory-based EVH test in swimmers. METHODS 15 collegiate swimmers (n=5 male, n=10 female; 21±2 years) completed three days of testing in pseudorandom order; a standard EVH test (EVHL), a pool air EVH test (EVHCl), and a swimming test (Swim). Spirometry was measured at baseline, and 3-, 5-, 10-, 15-, and 20-minutes following each test. RESULTS EVHL elicited a forced expired volume in one second (FEV1) fall index of -9.7±6.4 % compared to -6.6±9.2 % and -3.0±7.5 % following EVHCl and Swim, respectively (p less then 0.05). Using Bland-Altman analysis we found good agreement between EVHL vs EVHCl (bias= -2.8, r= 0.79) (p less then 0.05) with poor agreement between EVHL vs. Swim (bias = -6.7, r= 0.20) and EVHCl vs Swim (bias = -3.9, r= 0.50) (both p less then 0.05). Forced expired flow between 25 and 75 % lung volume (FEF25-75) and peak expired flow (PEF) were significantly reduced by the EVHL compared to the EVHCl and Swim tests (p less then 0.05). CONCLUSION EVHL elicits a greater FEV1 fall index than EVHCl and Swim. The unique aquatic environment of swimmers potentially protects against bronchoconstriction and should be considered in the determination of EIB.PURPOSE To test the validity of the Ecological Video Identification of Physical Activity (EVIP) computer vision algorithms for automated video-based ecological assessment of physical activity in settings such as parks and schoolyards. METHODS 27 hours of video were collected from stationary overhead video cameras across 22 visits in 9 sites capturing organized activities. Each person in the setting wore an accelerometer and each second was classified as moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) or sedentary/light activity. 57,987 seconds of data were used to train and test computer vision algorithms for estimating the total number of people in the video and number of people active (in MVPA) each second. In the testing dataset (38,658 seconds), video-based System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC) observations were conducted every 5-minutes (130 observations). Concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) and mean absolute errors (MAE) assessed agreement between (1) EVIP and ground truth (people counts+accelerometry) and (2) SOPARC observation and ground truth.