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sults. With multimodal imaging studies, we could accurately identify anomalous structures in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients and reliably treat them by transapical septal myectomy.Guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) is a natural amino acid derivative involved in several metabolic pathways across the human body, including creatine biosynthesis, arginine utilization, and neuromodulation. Apart from GAA synthesized internally from glycine and arginine, a total daily exposure to GAA also involves exogenous dietary sources. However, a majority of food databases provide no comprehensive data about the amount of GAA available from various foods. In this report, we summarize information for GAA levels in different food groups, as extracted from the available scientific literature. The content of GAA appears to vary across different foods, with meat-based products contain the highest relative amount of GAA (~50 mg per kg), followed by a dairy group (~0.3 mg per kg), and plant-based foods (~1 μg per kg), with the latter considered to be almost negligible. Although no data are currently available about its requirements in humans, cataloguing GAA amount in various foods could help in more accurate quantification of GAA provision via regular diet in the future.Physical Activity and Mental Health in the Elderly Abstract. The aging process is closely linked to physiological changes. These physiological changes may lead to an increased vulnerability for developing somatic and mental disorders. Reduced physical activity/sedentary behaviour can enhance this process. In contrast, physical training and sports counteract this process, in particular in the elderly, who may thus gain or maintain a younger biological age. Physical fitness is associated with better mental health in the elderly. Sports and physical activity over the course of life have shown to be of preventive value concerning the development of depression and dementia in old age. Also late-life depression and cognitive impairment (MCI, mild cognitive impairment) can be improved by regular, continuous physical exercise. Some data furthermore suggest that even patients with dementia benefit from physical exercise, especially on behalf of the behavioural and psychic symptoms of dementia (BPSD).The Importance of Physical Activity for Mental Health Abstract. Due to the worldwide high prevalence of psychiatric disorders and its association with sedentary behavior and comorbid physical diseases, increasing physical activity in psychiatric populations is of high importance. Regular physical activity is associated with increased mental wellbeing and has shown to have preventive effects on depression, anxiety disorders and probably sleep disorders. Additionally, positive effects on comorbid chronic physical diseases have been found. Exercise as treatment for several weeks has shown to have an antidepressant effect. Similar positive effects on symptoms have been found in anxiety disorders and schizophrenia. Therefore, assessing and promoting physical activity is advisable in clinical psychiatric practice. Patients should be coached to reach at least a weekly average of 150 minutes of moderate and/or 75 minutes of vigorous physical activity. Establishing physical activity and exercise groups is of utmost importance for psychiatric outpatients.Due to the worldwide high prevalence of psychiatric disorders and its association with sedentary behavior and comorbid physical diseases, increasing physical activity in psychiatric populations is of high importance. Regular physical activity is associated with increased mental wellbeing and has shown to have preventive effects on depression, anxiety disorders and probably sleep disorders. Additionally, positive effects on comorbid chronic physical diseases have been found. Exercise as treatment for several weeks has shown to have an antidepressant effect. Similar positive effects on symptoms have been found in anxiety disorders and schizophrenia. Therefore, assessing and promoting physical activity is advisable in clinical psychiatric practice. Patients should be coached to reach at least a weekly average of 150 minutes of moderate and/or 75 minutes of vigorous physical activity. Establishing physical activity and exercise groups is of utmost importance for psychiatric outpatients.Sports Psychiatry in Competitive Sports - Interdisciplinary and Interprofessional Care and Collaboration Abstract. Mental complaints and illnesses are common health problems in competitive sports, and mental health, like physical health and performance, is an integral dimension in competitive sports. The promotion of mental health and safe management of mental complaints and illnesses in competitive sports requires a qualified medical discipline for mental health sports psychiatry as well as an interdisciplinary and interprofessional understanding of care and cooperation. In the following article, sports psychiatry in competitive sports will be addressed and (i) mental health promotion and prevention, (ii) the tandem concept of interprofessional care and collaboration, (iii) diagnosis, treatment, and aftercare of mental disorders and illnesses, and (iv) education and training in sports psychiatry will be presented and discussed.Sports Psychiatric Diagnostics in Competitive Sports - Establishing a Clinical Standard Abstract. Mental complaints and disorders are common in competitive sports. Despite this, they are not recognized sufficiently in Pre-Participation Examinations (PPE) yet. We present a structured, staged model of sports psychiatric diagnosis containing a Psychiatric Basic Assessment (PBA) within the annual PPE as well as a Sports Psychiatric Evaluation (SPE) in case of conspicuous PBA results. The PBA should be designed as a compact as well as sensitive and specific instrument. An optional three-stage SPE by specialists for both psychiatric disciplines should preferably include a general psychiatric assessment, a clinical interview and a symptom- or disorder-specific diagnosis and examination. Such a staged approach should be time-efficient and well accepted by the athletes. The model proposed here will hopefully contribute as a clinical standard to the early detection of mental disorders requiring treatment.Violence and Abuse in Competitive Sports Abstract. Violence and abuse in competitive sports, such as physical and emotional abuse, physical and emotional neglect and sexual abuse, affect children, adolescents and adults alike and lead to severe physical, psychological and social consequences. In current medical and educational care concepts of athletes, there is a lack of consistent integration of sports/psychiatric, clinical psychological and psychotherapeutic, developmental pediatric and developmental psychological expertise. Problem areas arise from fine lines between harassment, non-physical and physical violence. The present position paper includes recommendations for the development of a concept for the protection of mental health in competitive sports and for coping with mental stress and psychological disorders by qualified medical experts in mental health, i.e., child, adolescent and adult psychiatrists with specific expertise in competitive sports sports psychiatrists. According to the recommendations, experts should also have and further develop competence in other fields, especially in ethics, child protection, protection against violence and abuse in competitive sports, awareness of and dealing with transgression of boundaries, knowledge about child development, and transparency in training structures and relationships.Enjoying Sports and Movement in Mental Illness Abstract. Sports and exercise therapy is an effective complemant in the treatment of major depression. The recommendations of at least 150 minutes of moderate or 75 minutes of intensive physical activity per week should be met to achieve positive effects of physical activity. In addition, individual needs and the physical health conditions must be considered in the planning and implementation, so that exercise will be enjoyed in the long term.Violence and abuse in competitive sports, such as physical and emotional abuse, physical and emotional neglect and sexual abuse, affect children, adolescents and adults alike and lead to severe physical, psychological and social consequences. In current medical and educational care concepts of athletes, there is a lack of consistent integration of sports/psychiatric, clinical psychological and psychotherapeutic, developmental pediatric and developmental psychological expertise. Problem areas arise from fine lines between harassment, non-physical and physical violence. The present position paper includes recommendations for the development of a concept for the protection of mental health in competitive sports and for coping with mental stress and psychological disorders by qualified medical experts in mental health, i.e., child, adolescent and adult psychiatrists with specific expertise in competitive sports sports psychiatrists. According to the recommendations, experts should also have and further develop competence in other fields, especially in ethics, child protection, protection against violence and abuse in competitive sports, awareness of and dealing with transgression of boundaries, knowledge about child development, and transparency in training structures and relationships.Mental complaints and illnesses are common health problems in competitive sports, and mental health, like physical health and performance, is an integral dimension in competitive sports. The promotion of mental health and safe management of mental complaints and illnesses in competitive sports requires a qualified medical discipline for mental health sports psychiatry as well as an interdisciplinary and interprofessional understanding of care and cooperation. In the following article, sports psychiatry in competitive sports will be addressed and (i) mental health promotion and prevention, (ii) the tandem concept of interprofessional care and collaboration, (iii) diagnosis, treatment, and aftercare of mental disorders and illnesses, and (iv) education and training in sports psychiatry will be presented and discussed.CME Candiduria and Candida Infections of the Urinary Tract Abstract. Candiduria is common in hospitalized patients and is generally benign. Invasive infection of the kidney is unusual and is difficult to treat. The vast majority of fungal infections of the kidneys and bladder result from Candida albicans and other Candida species. A variety of other fungi can sometimes involve the kidneys as a result of disseminated infection.CME Plantar fasciitis Abstract. Plantar fasciitis is a common pathology in general practice. AMG900 There are diverse treatment options described in the literature, but no simple treatment algorithm for general practice has been published yet. In this article, we present an evidence-based and simple treatment algorithm for use in busy general practices. Important to note, adequate patient education is crucial since the patient himself has a great influence on the healing process. In most cases, conservative treatment is promising and remission can be achieved within weeks or a few months.