Melchiorsenantonsen4108

Of the 786 studies identified, 12 were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Meta-analysis was performed by the restricted maximum likelihood method. The results indicated that the effect size (ES) of wearing CG on improving central hemodynamic responses was large overall (Hedges' g = 0.55) and was large in SV (Hedges' g = 1.09) and HR (Hedges' g = 0.65). Subgroup analysis showed that the ESs in "post-physiological challenge" was large in overall (Hedges' g = 0.98), SV (Hedges' g = 1.78), HR (Hedges' g = 1.10), and DBP (Hedges' g = 0.75). Their ESs in "at rest" were not significant in all central hemodynamic responses, apart from a significant medium ES observed in SV (Hedges' g = 0.44). Healthy individuals who wear CG have marked improvement in central hemodynamic responses, particularly after a physiological challenge. More pronounced effects of CG are observed in increasing SV and reducing HR.Zadow, EK, Edwards, KH, Kitic, CM, Fell, JW, Adams, MJ, Singh, I, Kundur, A, Johnstone, ANB, Crilly, J, Bulmer, AC, Halson, SL, and, and Wu, SSX. Compression socks reduce running-induced intestinal damage. J Strength Cond Res XX(X) 000-000, 2020-Exercise is associated with a reduction in splanchnic blood flow that leads to the disruption of intestinal epithelium integrity, contributing to exercise-induced gastrointestinal syndrome. Strategies that promote intestinal blood flow during exercise may reduce intestinal damage, which may be advantageous for subsequent recovery and performance. This study aimed to explore if exercise-associated intestinal damage was influenced by wearing compression garments, which may improve central blood flow. Subjects were randomly allocated to wear compression socks (n = 23) or no compression socks (control, n = 23) during a marathon race. Blood samples were collected 24 hours before and immediately after marathon and analyzed for intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) concentration as a marker of intestinal damage. The magnitude of increase in postmarathon plasma I-FABP concentration was significantly greater in control group (107%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 72-428%) when compared with runners wearing compression socks (38%; 95% CI, 20-120%; p = 0.046; d = 0.59). Wearing compression socks during a marathon run reduced exercise-associated intestinal damage. Compression socks may prove an effective strategy to minimize the intestinal damage component of exercise-induced gastrointestinal syndrome.Freitas, TT, Pereira, LA, Alcaraz, PE, Comyns, TM, Azevedo, PHSM, and Loturco, I. Change-of-direction ability, linear sprint speed, and sprint momentum in elite female athletes differences between three different team sports. J Strength Cond Res XX(X) 000-000, 2020-The aim of this study was to compare the performance of elite female players from 3 different sports in linear sprint and change-of-direction (COD) tests and examine their efficiency for changing direction through the calculation of the COD deficit (i.e., the difference in velocity between a linear sprint and a COD task of equal distance). One hundred fifty-four elite players (rugby, n = 40, national team members; soccer, n = 57 and handball n = 57, first division players from the respective Brazilian National Championships) were assessed in the 20-m linear sprint and Zigzag COD tests. A one-way analysis of variance with a Tukey post hoc was used to detect between-sport differences. Female rugby sevens players achieved faster sprint velocities thantraining and game demands may affect both sprint and COD performance.Müller, C and Zentgraf, K. Neck and trunk strength training to mitigate head acceleration in youth soccer players. J Strength Cond Res XX(X) 000-000, 2020-Heading in soccer involves repetitive head accelerations that may be detrimental for brain health. One way to mitigate adverse effects may be to increase head-neck stabilization and thus reduce the kinematic response after intentional headers. This study aimed to (a) assess associations between neck strength and head kinematics and (b) evaluate an exercise intervention designed to increase strength and attenuate head acceleration during intentional heading in youth soccer players. In 22 athletes, we used accelerometers to assess associations between neck strength and peak linear acceleration (PLA). We attached the accelerometers to the occiput and sternum, allowing us to differentiate between total, trunk, and head PLA. Longitudinally, we evaluated the effects of a 14-week twice-weekly resistance training in a subsample of 14 athletes compared with regular soccer training (N = 13). Results showed that female athletes had lower isolated neck strength (p ≤ 0.004), lower functional neck strength (p ≤ 0.017), and higher total PLA during purposeful headers compared with males (17.2 ± 3.5 g and 13.0 ± 2.3 g, respectively, at 9.6 m·s ball velocity during impact; p = 0.003). The intervention group showed moderate to large strength gains ( = 0.16-0.42), resulting in lower PLA (total -2.4 g, trunk -0.8 g, and head -1.5 g) during headers. We conclude that a resistance training focusing on cervical and trunk musculature is practicable in youth soccer, elicits strength gains, and helps to mitigate PLA during purposeful heading. Results should encourage youth strength and conditioning professionals to incorporate neck exercises as a risk reduction strategy into their training routine.

Retrospective case series.

The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term radiographic outcome of patients who underwent occipitocervical fixation (OCF) using a modern screw/rod system.

Few studies have reported fusion rates and radiographic alignment changes in unfused subaxial segments after OCF at a long-term follow-up.

We retrospectively reviewed 22 patients who underwent OCF with a modern screw-based construct. Abivertinib The patients satisfied the minimum 2-year radiographic follow-up. Baseline demographics and the following pre- and postoperative sagittal alignment parameters were investigated. McGregor slope, O-C2 angle (OC2A), and C2-7 Cobb angle (CL). We grouped patients into those whose OC2A increased postoperatively (OC2A-increase group) and those whose OC2A decreased postoperatively (OC2A-decrease group). The postoperative sagittal alignment change was compared between the 2 groups at the final follow-up. The perioperative complications as well as fusion status based on computed tomography (d long-term complications.Level of Evidence 4.

The CT-confirmed fusion rate of OCF was 77.2% over an average 89.7-month follow-up. link2 Compensatory sagittal alignment change can occur in the unfused subaxial segments in conjunction with the alignment change in the instrumented OC segments, whereas the horizontal gaze was maintained. Strong consideration for the intraoperative measurement of the OC2A should be given during OCF to minimize both early and long-term complications.Level of Evidence 4.

Retrospective study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of computed tomography (CT) attenuation in defining trabecular region-of-interest (t-ROI) at lumbar vertebral body in the assessment of osteoporotic compression fracture (OCF) compared to spinal dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

Even though osteoporosis was not diagnosed in the bone mineral density measurement using DXA, we often experienced cases where the screw was weakly inserted due to low bone quality during screw insertion.

A total of 188 patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled. We determined best cutoff value of the simple t-ROI attenuation at the most relevant level for predicting OCF. We assessed correlations between the simple t-ROI attenuation at the most relevant level and OCF rate, and investigate the association between the number of compression fracture and simple t-ROI attenuation at the most relevant level.

L4 ROI attenuation is the most accurate measurement for predicting osteoporotic compressionpared to DXA T-score. The value of L4 t-ROI attenuation is the most relevant measurement for predicting osteoporotic compression fracture, is an alternative to DXA, and can predict the number and rate of compression fractures. Spine surgeons should be aware of L4 t-ROI attenuation to make successful fusion in spine surgery for elderly patients group.Level of Evidence 3.

Single-center retrospective cohort analysis.

The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors associated with the development of proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) in pediatric neuromuscular scoliosis (NMS).

PJK is a common cause of reoperation in adult deformity but has been less well reported in pediatric NMS.

Sixty consecutive pediatric patients underwent spinal fusion for NMS with a minimum 2-year follow-up. PJK was defined as >10° increase between the inferior end plate of the upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) and the superior end plate of the vertebra two segments above. Regression analyses as well as binary correlational models and Student t tests were employed for further statistical analysis assessing variables of primary and compensatory curve magnitudes, thoracic kyphosis, proximal kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, pelvic obliquity, shoulder imbalance, Risser classification, and sagittal profile.

The present cohort consisted of 29 boys and 31 girls with a mean age at surgery of 14 ± 2.7 yeaavity traction or with greater postoperative C2 sagittal translation, loss of primary curve correction, and smaller preoperative proximal kyphosis had the greatest risk of developing PJK.Level of Evidence 4.

Twenty-seven percent of patients with NMS developed PJK, and 7% had revision surgery. Those treated with halo gravity traction or with greater postoperative C2 sagittal translation, loss of primary curve correction, and smaller preoperative proximal kyphosis had the greatest risk of developing PJK.Level of Evidence 4.

Retrospective study (data analysis).

The purpose of this study was to assess the role of different factors on postoperative outcome of patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM).

Ongoing degenerative changes of DCM lead to progressive neurological deficits. The optimal timing of surgical treatment is still unclear, especially in patients with mild DCM.

Patients with DCM treated in our clinic between 2007 and 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Pre- and postoperative neurological function was assessed by the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association Score (mJOA Score) at different stages. The minimum clinically important difference (MCID) was used to evaluate the improvement after surgery. The comorbidities were recorded using the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Possible associations between age, sex, CCI, preoperative symptoms duration, high signal intensity (SI) on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with mJOA Score and MCID were analyzed using univariate analysis and multivariatcularly before occurrence of high SI on MRI, seems to be essential for postoperative functional improvement regardless the above-mentioned confounders.Level of Evidence 3.

Surgery for DCM leads to significant functional improvement. However, better outcome was observed in younger individuals with lower CCI and absence of radiographic myelopathy signs. link3 Therefore, DCM surgery, particularly before occurrence of high SI on MRI, seems to be essential for postoperative functional improvement regardless the above-mentioned confounders.Level of Evidence 3.