Mckayslaughter7401

 Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease associated with atypical pneumonia caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first cases of COVID-19 were reported in Wuhan at the end of 2019. Transmission usually occurs via infected droplets and close personal contact; the possibility of vertical transmission is still under debate. This retrospective study aimed to analyze clinical characteristics of premature infants born to mothers with symptomatic COVID-19 disease.

 This case control study compared the clinical and laboratory data of 20 premature infants born to mothers infected with SARS-CoV-2 with sex and gestational age-matched historical controls.

 The median gestational age and birth weight in both groups were similar. Respiratory distress developed in 11 (55.5%) infants in study group and 19 (47.5%) infants in control group. Mechanical ventilation and endotracheal surfactant administration rates were similar. Median duration of hospitalization was 8ot well defined.. · SARS-CoV-2 infection seems to have no adverse effect on mortality and morbidity in premature infants..

· SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is a challenge for pregnant women.. selleck chemical · Neonatal outcomes of premature infants born to mothers infected with SARS-CoV-2 not well defined.. · SARS-CoV-2 infection seems to have no adverse effect on mortality and morbidity in premature infants..

 The objective of this study was to describe breastfeeding intention, knowledge, and attitude, and sources of infant feeding information during the prenatal period among a cohort of pregnant women in treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD).

 Pregnant women who were receiving treatment for OUD and in the third trimester completed a questionnaire that measured demographic characteristics, infant feeding intentions, breastfeeding beliefs and attitudes, and sources of breastfeeding information. Frequency counts and percentages and means and standard deviations were used to describe data.

 Sixty-five women completed the survey. Three-fourths reported some intention to breastfeeding. While attitudes around breastfeeding were generally positive, less than half of respondents knew the recommendations and infant health benefits of breastfeeding.

 Prenatal programs for women in treatment for OUD should consider addressing patient-reported concerns and gaps in knowledge regarding the benefits of and recommendation for breastfeeding.

· Breastfeeding has unique benefits for mother-infant dyads affected by maternal OUD.. · Breastfeeding decisions are influenced by maternal psychosocial factors (e.g., knowledge and attitudes), however, such factors have not been previously assessed in women in treatment for OUD.. · Results indicate that attitudes around breastfeeding are positive but knowledge gaps exist..

· Breastfeeding has unique benefits for mother-infant dyads affected by maternal OUD.. · Breastfeeding decisions are influenced by maternal psychosocial factors (e.g., knowledge and attitudes), however, such factors have not been previously assessed in women in treatment for OUD.. · Results indicate that attitudes around breastfeeding are positive but knowledge gaps exist..

 In 2014, the leading obstetric societies published an executive summary of a joint workshop to establish obstetric interventions to be considered for periviable births. Antenatal corticosteroid administration between 22

and 22

weeks was not recommended given existing evidence. We sought to evaluate whether antenatal steroid exposure was associated with improved survival among resuscitated newborns delivered between 22 and 23 weeks of gestation.

 We conducted a population-based cohort study of all resuscitated livebirths delivered between 22

and 23

weeks of gestation in the United States during 2009 to 2014 utilizing National Center for Health Statistics data. The primary outcome was rate of survival to 1 year of life (YOL) between infant cohorts based on antenatal steroid exposure. Multivariable logistic regression estimated the association of antenatal steroid exposure on survival outcomes.

 In the United States between 2009 and 2014, there were 2,635 and 7,992 infants who received postnatal rvival rates at 22 and 23 weeks of gestation.. · Women exposed to antenatal steroids were more likely to have an adverse outcome.. · The association between steroids and survival was observed among infants with birth weights > 500 g..

 500 g..

 To determine if women who newly met criteria for stage 1 hypertension in early pregnancy were at increased risk for adverse perinatal outcomes compared with normotensive women.

 We conducted a retrospective cohort study of women who had prenatal care at a single institution and subsequently delivered a live infant between December 2017 and August 2019. Women with a singleton gestation who had at least two prenatal visits prior to 20 weeks of gestation were included. We excluded women with known chronic hypertension or other major maternal illness. Two groups were identified (1) women newly diagnosed with stage 1 hypertension before 20 weeks of gestation (blood pressure [BP] 130-139/80-89 on at least two occasions) and (2) women with no known history of hypertension and normal BP (<130/80 mm Hg) before 20 weeks of gestation. The primary outcome was any hypertensive disorder of pregnancy; secondary outcomes were indicated preterm birth and small for gestational age. Generalized linear models were used tndicated preterm birth.. · Among women with stage 1 hypertension, risk of severe preeclampsia was 2.6 times higher than normotensive women.. · Black and obese women with stage 1 hypertension were at additional risk for adverse outcomes..

· Stage 1 hypertension increased risk for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and indicated preterm birth.. · Among women with stage 1 hypertension, risk of severe preeclampsia was 2.6 times higher than normotensive women.. · Black and obese women with stage 1 hypertension were at additional risk for adverse outcomes..

 Silver dressings have been associated with a decrease in postoperative pain in selected populations, but it is unknown if the benefit can be observed after cesarean deliveries. We sought to evaluate the impact of silver nylon dressings in reducing postoperative pain after cesarean delivery.

 A secondary analysis of data from a blinded randomized clinical trial of women undergoing cesarean delivery scheduled and unscheduled at a single site was conducted. Women were recruited for participation from a single site and randomized to a silver nylon dressing or an identical-appearing gauze wound dressing. Wounds were evaluated in the outpatient clinic at 1 and 6 weeks after delivery and patient responded to the modified patient scar assessment scale. The primary outcome of this analysis was inpatient opioid and nonopioid analgesic dispensed. The secondary outcome was patient-reported pain at the 1- and 6-week postpartum visits. Data were analyzed using chi-square test, Student's

-test, Fisher's exact test, Wgs showed no decrease in pain medications.. · Wound infection is associated with pain postoperatively.. · Silver dressings did not reduce postoperative pain..

· Silver dressings showed no decrease in pain medications.. · Wound infection is associated with pain postoperatively.. · Silver dressings did not reduce postoperative pain..

 Maternal smoking is associated with as much as a 50% reduced risk of preeclampsia, despite increasing risk of other poor pregnancy outcomes that often co-occur with preeclampsia, such as preterm birth and fetal growth restriction. Researchers have long sought to understand whether this perplexing association is biologically based, or a result of noncausal mechanisms. We examined whether smoking-response genes modify the smoking-preeclampsia association to investigate potential biological explanations.

 We conducted a nested case-control study within the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Birth Cohort (1999-2008) of 2,596 mother-child dyads. We used family-based log-linear Poisson regression to examine modification of the maternal smoking-preeclampsia relationship by maternal and fetal single nucleotide polymorphisms involved in cellular processes related to components of cigarette smoke (

 = 1,915 with minor allele frequency ≥10%). We further investigated the influence of smoking cessation during pregna not strongly modify smoking-preeclampsia association.. · Smoking cessation reduced strength of gene by smoking interactions..

· Maternal and fetal genotype may differentially influence preeclampsia.. · Smoking-related genes did not strongly modify smoking-preeclampsia association.. · Smoking cessation reduced strength of gene by smoking interactions..

 The aim of the study is to investigate the relation of neonatal and maternal vitamin D and late-onset sepsis (LOS) STUDY DESIGN  One-hundred twenty term neonates along with their mothers were enrolled in this case-control study. Sixty neonates who were admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit by LOS and had not been previously admitted for last 48 hours and did not receive antibiotics or vitamin D were enrolled as cases (sepsis) group. On the other hand, 60 healthy term neonates were referred as control group. Maternal and neonatal serum 25-OH vitamin D levels were assessed in both the cohorts.

 Maternal and neonatal 25-OH vitamin D levels in cases (17.2 and 16.1 ng/mL, respectively) were significantly lower than in controls (22.7 and 21 ng/mL, respectively)

 = 0.001. In the study group, the neonatal 25-OH vitamin D was negatively correlated with C-reactive protein and length of hospital stay (

 = -0.616 and -0.596, respectively)

<0.001 for both. With a cut-off value of 12.9 ng/mL, the specificity and positive predictive value of neonatal vitamin D were 83.3 and 74.4%, respectively. The odds ratio was 1.088 (95% CI = 1.034-1.144)) for LOS in vitamin D-deficient neonates.

 Neonates with higher vitamin D level are at lower risk of LOS than those with vitamin D deficiency. Maternal vitamin D correlates with neonatal vitamin D. These data suggest that maternal vitamin supplementation during pregnancy may lower the risk of LOS.

· Neonatal and maternal vitamin D deficiency increase risk of LOS.. · Neonatal vitamin D correlates with maternal vitamin D.. · Neonatal vitamin D is independent predictor for LOS..

· Neonatal and maternal vitamin D deficiency increase risk of LOS.. · Neonatal vitamin D correlates with maternal vitamin D.. · Neonatal vitamin D is independent predictor for LOS..Gestational and pregestational diabetes during pregnancy are substantial and growing public health issues. Low-income individuals and individuals who identify as racial and ethnic minorities are disproportionately affected. Food security, which is defined as the degree to which individuals have capacity to access and obtain food, is at the center of nutritional resources and decisions for individuals with diabetes. While increasingly recognized as an important mediator of health disparities in the United States, food insecurity is understudied during pregnancy and specifically among pregnant individuals with diabetes, for whom the impact of food-related resources may be even greater. Previous research has suggested that food insecurity is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnoses and disease exacerbation in the general adult population. An emerging body of research has suggested that food insecurity during pregnancy is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus diagnoses and adverse diabetes-related outcomes.