Lorenzenmontoya5905

Finally, open research questions and needs are presented.

The aim of this study was to analyze the usefulness of 18 F-fluorocholine PET/CT in the early diagnosis of tumor recurrence, increasing the diagnosis confidence of MRI.

Patients with a previous gross total resection of glioma and the first suspicious or doubtful for recurrence MRI were prospectively included and subjected to 18 F-fluorocholine PET/CT. An independent and combined assessment of 18 F-fluorocholine PET/CT and multimodal MRI was performed classifying the studies as positive or negative for tumor recurrence. Final diagnosis (recurrence or not) was obtained by histological confirmation or clinical and imaging follow-up. The relation of SUV max and tumor-to-background ratio with progression, the diagnostic performance of imaging techniques, and their concordance (κ Cohen) were analyzed.

Twenty-four studies on 21 patients were assessed. Recurrence was diagnosed in 20 cases. PET/CT was positive in 23 cases (3 false positive), whereas MRI was positive in 15 cases (1 false positive). MRI was false negative in 6 cases. There was no false negative on 18 F-fluorocholine PET/CT. Accuracy of PET/CT versus MRI was 87.5% and 70.8%, respectively. The combined evaluation of both techniques did not show any advantage with respect to PET/CT results alone. The concordance between both imaging techniques was low (κ = 0.135; P = 0.375). SUV max and tumor-to-background ratio were related to recurrence (areas under the curve of 0.844 [ P = 0.033] and 0.869 [ P = 0.022], respectively).

18 F-fluorocholine PET/CT was helpful for increasing the diagnostic confidence in the cases of MRI doubtful for recurrence in order to avoid a delayed diagnosis.

18 F-fluorocholine PET/CT was helpful for increasing the diagnostic confidence in the cases of MRI doubtful for recurrence in order to avoid a delayed diagnosis.Various interfacial emergent phenomena have been discovered in tunable nanoscale materials, especially in artificially designed epitaxial superlattices. In conjunction, the atomically fabricated superlattices have exhibited a plethora of exceptional properties compared to either bulk materials separately. Here, the (CrO2)m/(TaO2)nsuperlattices composed of two lattice-matched metallic metal oxides are constructed. With the help of first-principle density-functional theory calculations, a computational and theoretical study of (CrO2)m/(TaO2)nsuperlattices manifests the interfacial electronic properties in detail. The results suggest that emergent properties result from the charge transfer from the TaO2to CrO2layers. At two special ratios of11and12betweenmandn, the superlattices undergo metal-to-insulator transition. Additionally, the bands below the Fermi level become narrower with the increasing thickness of the CrO2and TaO2layers. The study reveals that the electronic reconstruction at the interface of two metallic materials can generate interesting physics, which points the direction for the manipulation of functionalities in artificial superlattices or heterostructures within a few atomic layers.Effective doping of ultra-wide band gap semiconductors is of crucial importance, yet, remains challenging. Here, we report the enhancement ofn-type conductivity of nanocrystalline hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) films with simultaneous incorporation of Si and O while deposition by radio frequency magnetron sputtering method. The resultanth-BN films are of ∼50 nm in thickness, containing nitrogen vacancy (VN) defects. Incorporation of O together with Si results in effective healing of VNdefects and significantly reduces electric resistivity inh-BN thin films. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results reveal that under B-rich condition, the substitutional O in VNbonding with B leads to the formation of Si-N, which thus plays an important role to then-type conductivity inh-BN films. The temperature dependent electrical resistivity measurements of the Si/O co-dopedh-BN films reveal two donor levels of 130 and 520 meV at room temperature and higher temperatures, respectively. Then-h-BN/p-Si heterojunctions demonstrate apparent rectification characteristics at room temperature, where the tunneling behavior dominates throughout the injection regimes due to the effective carrier doping. This work proposes an effective approach to enhance then-type conductivity ofh-BN thin films for future applications in electronics, optoelectronics and photovoltaics.We investigate the current through a hybrid four-terminal Josephson junction with semiconductor nanowires, in which the junction is connected with two superconducting electrodes and two normal electrodes. The semiconductor nanowire, which is subject to an external magnetic field with Rashba spin-orbit coupling and proximity-induced superconductivity, can host Majorana bound states. When all the nanowires lie in topological nontrivial region, a 4π-periodic current can be observed through the normal terminal and a 2π-periodic current through the superconducting terminal. When a rotating magnetic field is applied to the junction, the supercurrent through different terminals varies with the variation of the magnetic field direction. Only when the magnetic field is applied at certain angles, we find that the 4π-periodic current will appear through the normal terminal.Calvarial bone defect remains a clinical challenge due to the lack of efficient osteo-inductive agent. Herein, a novel calcium and phosphorus codoped carbon dot (Ca/P-CD) for bone regeneration was synthesized using phosphoethanolamine and calcium gluconate as precursors. The resultant Ca/P-CDs exhibited ultra-small size, stable excitation dependent emission spectra and favorable dispersibility in water. Moreover, Ca/P-CDs with good biocompatibility rapidly entered the cytoplasm through endocytosis and increased the expression of bone differentiation genes. A-966492 ic50 After mixing with temperature-sensitive hydrogel, Ca/P-CDs were injectedin situinto calvarial defect and promoted the repair of bone injury. These Ca/P-CDs provide a new treatment method for the bone repair and should be expended the application in the biomedical fields.Asymmetrical dressings, which are composed of a compact top layer and a porous bottom layer, are commonly used to mimic the characteristics and structure of the epidermis and dermis layers, and overcome the flaws of traditional dressings such as wound dryness and bacterial penetration. Herein, a bio-inspired double-layer asymmetric wettable wound dressing was prepared by low-temperature 3D printing coupled with electrospinning technology. The hydrophobic top layer of poly(caprolactone)(PCL) film produced by electrospinning was used to simulate the compact and air-permeable epidermis. The hydrophilic bottom layer of the dressing, a scaffold composed of chitosan and copper ions doped Laponite (Cu@CS-Lap) was used to kill bacteria and speed up wound healing. Additionally, the composite dressings also showed excellent cytocompatibility and antibacterial propertiesin vitroexperiments. The migratory area of Cu-doped group human umbilical vein endothelial cells increased by about 48.19% compared to the control group, as revealed by the results of the cell scratch experiment. Furthermore,in vivoexperiments in rats showed that wound closure at the 0.5Cu@CS5-PCL dressing reached 98.24% after 12 days, indicating the enormous potential of asymmetric double dressings in boosting wound healing.Obstruction of the blood flow from the superior vena cava (SVC) to the right atrium causes the SVC syndrome. The azygos system is the most important way to overcome SVC obstruction. Azygos vein enlargement can be seen secondary to the SVC syndrome. Although a few cases showing 18 F-FDG uptake along the SVC in SVC syndrome were reported before, 18 F-FDG PET/CT findings of azygos vein enlargement have not been documented yet. Herein, we presented an intriguing case of azygos vein enlargement secondary to SVC syndrome on 18 F-FDG PET/CT.We present the evidence of superionic phase formed in H2O and, for the first time, diffusive H2O-He phase, based on time-resolved x-ray diffraction experiments performed on ramp-laser-heated samples in diamond anvil cells. The diffraction results signify a similar bcc-like structure of superionic H2O and diffusive He-H2O, while following different transition dynamics. Based on time and temperature evolution of the lattice parameter, the superionic H2O phase forms gradually in pure H2O over the temperature range of 1350-1400 K at 23 GPa, but the diffusive He-H2O phase forms abruptly at 1300 K at 26 GPa. We suggest that the faster dynamics and lower transition temperature in He-H2O are due to a larger diffusion coefficient of interstitial-filled He than that of more strongly bound H atoms. This conjecture is then consistent with He disordered diffusive phase predicted at lower temperatures, rather than H-disordered superionic phase in He-H2O.Individual nuclear spin states can have very long lifetimes and could be useful as qubits. Progress in this direction was achieved on MgO/Ag(001) via detection of the hyperfine interaction (HFI) of Fe, Ti and Cu adatoms using scanning tunneling microscopy. Previously, we systematically quantified from first-principles the HFI for the whole series of 3d transition adatoms (Sc-Cu) deposited on various ultra-thin insulators, establishing the trends of the computed HFI with respect to the filling of the magnetic s- and d-orbitals of the adatoms and on the bonding with the substrate. Here we explore the case of dimers by investigating the correlation between the HFI and the magnetic state of free standing Fe dimers, single Fe adatoms and dimers deposited on a bilayer of MgO(001). We find that the magnitude of the HFI can be controlled by switching the magnetic state of the dimers. For short Fe-Fe distances, the antiferromagnetic state enhances the HFI with respect to that of the ferromagnetic state. By increasing the distance between the magnetic atoms, a transition toward the opposite behavior is observed. Furthermore, we demonstrate the ability to substantially modify the HFI by atomic control of the location of the adatoms on the substrate. Our results establish the limits of applicability of the usual hyperfine hamiltonian and we propose an extension based on multiple scattering processes.

Cardiovascular (CV) disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD) share common risk factors, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In CV outcome studies of patients with T2DM, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) therapy was associated with risk reductions in cardiorenal endpoints. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the efficacy of SGLT2i therapy in patients at risk of cardiorenal disease.

A literature review of large outcome studies of patients who had CKD or heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF, defined as having a left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] <40%) or heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (LVEF ≥50%) was undertaken to evaluate the associations between SGLT2i use and cardiorenal events.

In the cardiorenal outcome studies, patients with CKD who received canagliflozin or dapagliflozin had a lowered risk of a sustained decline in kidney function, end-stage kidney disease, or death from renal or CV causes than patients who received placebo.