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in JMIR Mental Health (http//mental.jmir.org), 27.04.2020.BACKGROUND The Patient Experience Recommender System for Persuasive Communication Tailoring (PERSPeCT) is a machine learning recommender system with a database of messages to motivate smoking cessation. PERSPeCT uses the collective intelligence of users (ie, preferences and feedback) and demographic and smoking profiles to select motivating messages. PERSPeCT may be more beneficial for tailoring content to minority groups influenced by complex, personally relevant factors. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to describe and evaluate the use of PERSPeCT in African American people who smoke compared with white people who smoke. selleck screening library METHODS Using a quasi-experimental design, we compared African American people who smoke with a historical cohort of white people who smoke, who both received up to 30 emailed tailored messages over 65 days. People who smoke rated the daily message in terms of perceived influence on quitting smoking for 30 days. Our primary analysis compared daily message ratings between the two grID) RR2-10.2196/jmir.6465. ©Jamie M Faro, Catherine S Nagawa, Jeroan A Allison, Stephenie C Lemon, Kathleen M Mazor, Thomas K Houston, Rajani S Sadasivam. Originally published in JMIR mHealth and uHealth (http//mhealth.jmir.org), 27.04.2020.BACKGROUND Massive open online courses (MOOCs) have the potential to make a broader educational impact because many learners undertake these courses. Despite their reach, there is a lack of knowledge about which methods are used for evaluating these courses. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review was to identify current MOOC evaluation methods to inform future study designs. METHODS We systematically searched the following databases for studies published from January 2008 to October 2018 (1) Scopus, (2) Education Resources Information Center, (3) IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers) Xplore, (4) PubMed, (5) Web of Science, (6) British Education Index, and (7) Google Scholar search engine. Two reviewers independently screened the abstracts and titles of the studies. Published studies in the English language that evaluated MOOCs were included. The study design of the evaluations, the underlying motivation for the evaluation studies, data collection, and data analysis methods were quantitatively and iptive and inferential statistics, which were the top 2 preferred methods. In all, 26 studies with a cross-sectional design had a low-quality assessment, whereas RCTs and quasi-experimental studies received a high-quality assessment. CONCLUSIONS The MOOC evaluation data collection and data analysis methods should be determined carefully on the basis of the aim of the evaluation. The MOOC evaluations are subject to bias, which could be reduced using pre-MOOC measures for comparison or by controlling for confounding variables. Future MOOC evaluations should consider using more diverse data sources and data analysis methods. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/12087. ©Abrar Alturkistani, Ching Lam, Kimberley Foley, Terese Stenfors, Elizabeth R Blum, Michelle Helena Van Velthoven, Edward Meinert. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http//www.jmir.org), 27.04.2020.BACKGROUND Generative participatory design (PD) may help in developing electronic health (eHealth) interventions. PD is characterized by the involvement of all stakeholders in creative activities. This is different from the traditional user-centered design, where users are less involved. When looking at PD from a research through design perspective, it is important to summarize the reasons for choosing a certain form of generative PD to further develop its methodology. However, the scientific literature is currently unclear about which forms of PD are used to develop eHealth and which arguments are used to substantiate the decision to use a certain form of generative PD. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the reporting and substantiation of generative PD methodologies in empirical eHealth studies published in scientific journals to further develop PD methodology in the field of eHealth. METHODS A systematic literature review following the Cochrane guidelines was conducted in several databases (EMBASE, MEDLand the type of outcome measures adopted point to the involvement of PD principles. CONCLUSIONS Studies that have used a PD research methodology to develop eHealth primarily substantiate the choice of tools made and much less the use of stakeholders and outcome measures. ©Pieter Vandekerckhove, Marleen de Mul, Wichor M Bramer, Antoinette A de Bont. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http//www.jmir.org), 27.04.2020.BACKGROUND Objective measures of physical function in older adults are widely used to predict health outcomes such as disability, institutionalization, and mortality. App-based clinical tests allow users to assess their own physical function and have objective tracking of changes over time by use of their smartphones. Such tests can potentially guide interventions remotely and provide more detailed prognostic information about the participant's physical performance for the users, therapists, and other health care personnel. We developed 3 smartphone apps with instrumented versions of the Timed Up and Go (Self-TUG), tandem stance (Self-Tandem), and Five Times Sit-to-Stand (Self-STS) tests. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to test the usability of 3 smartphone app-based self-tests of physical function using an iterative design. METHODS The apps were tested in 3 iterations the first (n=189) and second (n=134) in a lab setting and the third (n=20) in a separate home-based study. Participants were healthy adults betweenable to end users, the apps require further improvements and validation. ©Ronny Bergquist, Beatrix Vereijken, Sabato Mellone, Mattia Corzani, Jorunn L. Helbostad, Kristin Taraldsen. Originally published in JMIR mHealth and uHealth (http//mhealth.jmir.org), 27.04.2020.BACKGROUND On January 1, 2019, a new regulation on the control of smoking in public places was officially implemented in Hangzhou, China. On the day of the implementation, a large number of Chinese media reported the contents of the regulation on the microblog platform Weibo, causing a strong response from and heated discussion among netizens. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to conduct a content and network analysis to examine topics and patterns in the social media response to the new regulation. METHODS We analyzed all microblogs on Weibo that mentioned and explained the regulation in the first 8 days following the implementation. We conducted a content analysis on these microblogs and used social network visualization and descriptive statistics to identify key users and key microblogs. RESULTS Of 7924 microblogs, 12.85% (1018/7924) were in support of the smoking control regulation, 84.12% (6666/7924) were neutral, and 1.31% (104/7924) were opposed to the smoking regulation control. For the negative posts, the pgcheng Zhan, Daniel D Zeng, Scott J Leischow. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http//www.jmir.org), 27.04.2020.Virtual reality (VR) represents a key technology of the 21st century, attracting substantial interest from a wide range of scientific disciplines. With regard to clinical neuropsychology, a multitude of new VR applications are being developed to overcome the limitations of classical paradigms. Consequently, researchers increasingly face the challenge of systematically evaluating the characteristics and quality of VR applications to design the optimal paradigm for their specific research question and study population. However, the multifaceted character of contemporary VR is not adequately captured by the traditional quality criteria (ie, objectivity, reliability, validity), highlighting the need for an extended paradigm evaluation framework. To address this gap, we propose a multidimensional evaluation framework for VR applications in clinical neuropsychology, summarized as an easy-to-use checklist (VR-Check). This framework rests on 10 main evaluation dimensions encompassing cognitive domain specificity, ecoarsten Finke, Angelika Thöne-Otto. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http//www.jmir.org), 27.04.2020.BACKGROUND Since the beginning of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, fake news and misleading information have circulated worldwide, which can profoundly affect public health communication. OBJECTIVE We investigated online search behavior related to the COVID-19 outbreak and the attitudes of "infodemic monikers" (ie, erroneous information that gives rise to interpretative mistakes, fake news, episodes of racism, etc) circulating in Italy. METHODS By using Google Trends to explore the internet search activity related to COVID-19 from January to March 2020, article titles from the most read newspapers and government websites were mined to investigate the attitudes of infodemic monikers circulating across various regions and cities in Italy. Search volume values and average peak comparison (APC) values were used to analyze the results. RESULTS Keywords such as "novel coronavirus," "China coronavirus," "COVID-19," "2019-nCOV," and "SARS-COV-2" were the top infodemic and scientific COVID-19 terms ty published in JMIR Public Health and Surveillance (http//publichealth.jmir.org), 05.05.2020.Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with an incidence and a prevalence increasing with age, predicted to increase drastically in the next 10 years among the geriatric population aged above 80 in France. There are two distinct groups of patients in which therapeutic issues are different. On the one hand, old to very old patients in which PD started at a late age above 80. These patients present with a more severe PD with earlier onsets of cognitive defects and dopa-resistant axial signs, and more comorbidities needing to be taken into account while treating them. Because of their limited life expectancy, these patients would not likely need second line treatments over their disease course. On the other hand, patients presenting with advanced PD, in which fluctuations and dyskinesia induced by dopamine replacement therapy and dopa-resistant axial symptoms impede patient's daily life. These patients are often treated with multiple antiparkinsonian medications, sometimes at high doses. Some patients will also be treated with advanced therapies such as continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusion, continuous levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel or, more rarely, even subthalamic or pallidal deep brain stimulations. Because of the specificities of the old to very old parkinsonian patients, tolerance and efficacy of these treatments can be decreased. What is at stake is to aim for the best motor state possible while limiting iatrogenic adverse events. New emerging, potentially less invasive, techniques, such as gamma knife thalamotomy or high-intensity focused ultrasound thalamotomy or sub-thalamotomy, are also discussed here.AIMS We examine the impact of three different radiation protection devices in a real-world setting of radial artery catheterization. METHODS AND RESULTS In an all-comer randomized trial, consecutive coronary radial diagnostic and intervention procedures were assigned in 111 ratio to shield-only protection (shield group), shield and overlapping 0.5mm Pb panel curtain (shield+curtain group) or shield, curtain and additional 75x40cm, 0.5mm Pb drape placed across the waist of the patient (shield+curtain+drape group). A total of 614 radial procedures were randomized (n=193 shield, n=220 shield+curtain, n=201 shield+curtain+drape). There were no differences among groups in patients' or procedural characteristics. The primary endpoint (relative exposure ratio between operator's exposure in μSv and patient exposure, dose area product in cGy·cm2) was significantly lower in the shield+curtain+drape group for both first operator (20% reduction vs shield, 16% vs shield+curtain, p=0.025) and assistant (39% reduction vs shield, 25% vs shield+curtain, p=0.