Lesterwichmann2472

1029 and 0.0015, respectively). The maximum value of a parameter (17.4329) was found out in lactations up to 640 days long, unlike b and c parameters which were minimal in those lactations (0.0603 and 0.0010, respectively).

It can be concluded that the parameters of Wood's model and the shape of lactation curve are changing with the growing number of milk yield records. Also, the assessed parameters revealed a significant milk production potential after 305 days of lactation.

It can be concluded that the parameters of Wood's model and the shape of lactation curve are changing with the growing number of milk yield records. Also, the assessed parameters revealed a significant milk production potential after 305 days of lactation.

Ovarian follicular development, which dependent on the proliferation and differentiation of granulosa cells (GCs), is a complex biological process in which miRNA plays an important role. Our previous study showed that miR-458b-5p is associated with ovarian follicular development in chicken. The detailed function and molecular mechanism of miR-458b-5p in GCs is unclear.

The luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the targeting relationship between miR-458b-5p and catenin beta-1 (CTNNB1), which is an important transcriptional regulatory factor of the Wnt/β-Catenin pathway. The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry with propidium iodide (PI) and Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeling were applied to explore the effect of miR-458b-5p on proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of chicken GCs. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels.

We demonstrated that the expression of miR-458b-5p and CTNNB1 showed the o pathway by targeting CTNNB1, suggesting that miR-458b-5p and its target gene CTNNB1 may potentially play a role in chicken ovarian follicular development.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different amounts of wheat bran (WB) inclusion and postbiotics form by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and phytase co-fermented wheat bran (FWB) on the growth performance and health status of broilers.

Study randomly allocated a total of 300 male broilers to a control and 4 treatment groups (5% WB, 5% FWB, 10% WB, and 10% FWB inclusion, respectively) with each pen having 20 broilers and 3 pens per treatment.

Wheat bran does not contain enzymes, but there are 152.8, 549.2, 289.5, and 147.1 U/g dry matter (DM) xylanase, protease, cellulase and ß-glucanase in FWB, respectively. Furthermore, FWB can decrease nitric oxide release of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated chicken peripheral blood mononuclear cells by about two times. Results show that 10% FWB inclusion had significantly the highest weight gain (WG) at 1-21d; 5% FWB had the lowest feed conversion rate at 22-35d; 10% WB and 10% FWB inclusion have the highest villus height and Lactobacillus spp. numbmation, but up to 10% FWB groups have better WG in different stages of broiler development.

In recent years, lncRNAs have been identified in many species, and some of them have been shown to play important roles in muscle development and myogenesis. Selleck EGFR inhibitor However, the differences in lncRNAs between Kazakh cattle and Xinjiang brown cattle remain undefined; therefore, we aimed to confirm whether lncRNAs are differentially expressed in the longissimus dorsi between these two types of cattle and whether differentially expressed lncRNAs regulate muscle differentiation.

We used RNA-seq technology to identify lncRNAs in longissimus muscles from these cattle. The expression of lncRNAs were analyzed using StringTie (1.3.1) in terms of the FPKM values of the encoding genes. The differential expression of the transcripts in the two samples were analyzed using the DESeq R software package. The resulting FDR was controlled by the Benjamini and Hochberg's approach. KOBAS software was utilized to measure the expression of different genes in KEGG pathways. We randomly selected eight lncRNA genes and validated them by RT-qPCR.

We found that 182 lncRNA transcripts, including 102 upregulated and 80 downregulated transcripts, were differentially expressed between Kazakh cattle and Xinjiang brown cattle. The results of RT-qPCR were consistent with the sequencing results. Enrichment analysis and functional annotation of the target genes revealed that the differentially expressed lncRNAs were associated with the MAPK, Ras and PI3k/Akt signaling pathways. We also constructed a lncRNA/mRNA coexpression network for the PI3k/Akt signaling pathway.

Our study provides insights into cattle muscle-associated lncRNAs and will contribute to a more thorough understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying muscle growth and development in cattle.

Our study provides insights into cattle muscle-associated lncRNAs and will contribute to a more thorough understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying muscle growth and development in cattle.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of lycopene on growth performance, abdominal fat deposition, serum lipids levels, activities of hepatic lipid metabolism related enzymes and genes expression in broiler chickens.

A total of 256 healthy one-day-old male Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly divided into four groups with eight replicates of eight birds each. Birds were fed basal diet supplemented with 0 (control), 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg lycopene, respectively.

Dietary 100 mg/kg lycopene increased the body weight at 21 day of age compared to the control group (p<0.05). Compared to the basal diet, broilers fed diet with 100 mg/kg lycopene had decreased abdominal fat weight, and broilers fed diet with 100 and 200 mg/kg lycopene had decreased abdominal fat percentage (p<0.05). Compared to control, diets with 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg lycopene reduced the levels of total triglyceride and total cholesterol in serum, and diets with 100 and 200 mg/kg lycopene reduced the level of , thereby regulating lipid metabolism such as lipogenesis. Therefore, lycopene or lycopenerich plant materials might be added to poultry feed to regulate lipid metabolism.

Eggshell color is an important indicator of egg quality for consumers, especially for brown eggs. Various factors related to laying hens and their environment affect brown eggshell coloration. However, there have been no studies investigating hepatic functions of laying hens with variable intensity of brown eggshell color. Therefore, this study was aimed to identify potential factors affecting brown eggshell coloration in aged laying hens at the hepatic transcriptomic level.

Five hundred 92-wk-old Hy-line Brown laying hens were screened to select laying hens with different intensity of brown eggshell color based on eggshell color fans. Based on eggshell color scores, hens with dark brown eggshells (DBE; eggshell color fan score = 14.8) and hens with light brown eggshells (LBE; eggshell color fan score = 9.7) were finally selected for the liver sampling. We performed RNA-seq analysis using the liver samples through the paired-end sequencing libraries. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) profiling was cars will contribute to future studies aiming to optimize brown eggshell coloration in aged laying hens.

This study explored the mechanism of the Kelch-like erythroid cell-derived protein with CNC homology-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway under conditions of ZEA-induced oxidative stress in the duodenum of post-weaning gilts.

Forty post-weaning gilts were randomly allocated to four groups and fed diets supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 mg/kg ZEA.

The results showed significant reductions in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and increases the malondialdehyde (MDA) content with increasing concentrations of dietary ZEA. Immunohistochemical analysis supported these findings by showing a significantly increased expression of Nrf2 and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) with increasing concentrations of ZEA. The relative mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2, GPX1 increased linearly (p<0.05) and quadratically (p<0.05), which was consistent with the immunohistochemical tive stress. Further studies are needed to examine the effects of ZEA-induced oxidative stress on other tissues and organs in post-weaning gilts.

These findings suggest that ZEA regulates the expression of key factors of the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway in the duodenum, which enables resistance to ZEA-induced oxidative stress. Further studies are needed to examine the effects of ZEA-induced oxidative stress on other tissues and organs in post-weaning gilts.

Investigation of muscle growth at different developmental stages is an appropriate strategy for studying the mechanisms underlying muscle development and differences in phenotypes. In particular, the muscle development mechanisms and the difference between the fastest and slowest growth rates.

In this study, we used a growth curve model to fit the growth inflection point of QingYu pigs and compared differences in the lncRNA transcriptome of muscle both at the growth inflection point (IP) and plateau phase (PP).

The growth curve of the QingYu pig had a good fit (R2=0.974) relative to a typical S-curve and reached the IP at day 177.96. At the PP, marbling, intramuscular fat and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) had increased significantly and the percentage of lean muscle and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) had decreased. A total of 1199 mRNAs and 62 lncRNAs were differentially expressed at the IP compared with the PP. Additional to Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analyses, these differentially expressed protein coding genes were principally related to muscle growth and lipid metabolism.

Our results suggest that the identified differentially expressed lncRNAs, could play roles in muscle growth, fat deposition and regulation of fatty acid composition at the IP and PP.

Our results suggest that the identified differentially expressed lncRNAs, could play roles in muscle growth, fat deposition and regulation of fatty acid composition at the IP and PP.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with Allium mongolicum Regel extracts on the growth performance, carcass characteristics, fat color, and concentrations of three branched-chain fatty acids related to flavor in ram lambs.

Sixty 3-month-old, male, small-tailed Han sheep were selected and randomly allocated into four groups in a randomized block design. Four feeding treatments were used 1) a basal diet without supplementation as the control group (CK); 2) the basal diet supplemented with 10 g∙lamb-1∙d-1 Allium mongolicum Regel powder as the AMR group; 3) the basal diet supplemented with 3.4 g∙lamb-1∙d-1 Allium mongolicum Regel water extract as the AWE group; and 4) the basal diet supplemented with 2.8 g∙lamb-1∙d-1 Allium mongolicum Regel ethanol extract as the AFE group.

The results demonstrated that the dry matter intake was lower for the AFE group than that in other groups (p=0.001). The feed conversion ratio was greater for the AFE than that in other groups (p=0.039).