Kristoffersenkerr9249

Contours were computed to represent normal tissue and target volumes. Dose-volume histograms, dose metrics, and dose profiles were compared to a ground truth dose distribution computed with GATE. ABR-238901 clinical trial The mean dose to the target for all studied voxel sizes was found to be within 5.7% of the ground truth mean dose.D70was shown to be strongly correlated with image voxel size of the dose distribution (r2 = 0.90).D70is cited in the literature as an important dose metric and its dependence on voxel size suggests higher resolution dose distributions may provide new perspectives on dose-response relationships in yttrium-90 radioembolization. This study demonstrates that dose distributions with large voxels incorrectly homogenize the dose by attributing escalated doses to normal tissues and reduced doses in high-dose target regions. High-resolution micro-CT imaging of radiopaque microsphere distributions can provide increased confidence in characterizing the absorbed dose heterogeneity in yttrium-90 radioembolization.The power plant site selection is a complex task and involves through analyses of the multi-disciplinary processes which are interlinked with each other. The site selection for nuclear power plants additionally requires the assessment of radiation doses to the environment and public to be done for normal operation and for the case of an accident. This demands the problem of radioactive particles' dispersion in atmosphere to be analyzed in real time for a comprehensive set of radioactive release scenarios in prevailing meteorological conditions in the surrounding of plant. In this study, a local scale atmospheric dispersion problem, considering a hypothetical accidental release (1 Bq/s of I-131) from a nuclear power plant has been simulated with a combination of weather forecasting and particle dispersion codes on a multiprocessor computer system. The meteorological parameters were predicted with Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) and were used in Lagrangian Particle Dispersion Model (LPDM) based code FLEXPART to calculate the trajectory of released particles and thereby, the estimation of spatial I-131 dose distribution. The concentration of particles and radiation doses have been calculated for released heights of 10 m, 57 m, and 107 and found in reasonable agreement with the observed data and were better than an earlier investigation done with Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) code. A comparison between the results of WRF and RAMS for various meteorological parameters revealed that better space-time predictions of wind speeds and directions by WRF had a profound effect on tracing the trajectories of particles and thereby the spatial dose distribution. The particles followed the changes in wind direction predicted by WRF that were known to prevail in the region.The atomic forces formulation based on the Dirac-Kohn-Sham equation and the flexible (APW + lo/LAPW) + LO basis set is presented. The formulation was implemented in the code FlapwMBPT and allows a user to easily switch between different basis functions of the augmentation type (APW or LAPW) and between different kind of local orbitals. Similar to the work (2015Phys. Rev. B91035105), the implementation takes into account small discontinuities of the wave functions, density, and potential at the muffin-tin sphere boundaries. Applications to the materials with strong relativistic effects, such asα-uranium, PuCoGa5, and FePt, demonstrate robustness of the method. The comparison of the calculated forces with the ones obtained by numerical differentiation of electronic free energy shows close agreement with deviations about 0.1% or less.Objective.Electrical vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has the potential to treat a wide variety of diseases by modulating afferent and efferent communication to the heart, lungs, esophagus, stomach, and intestines. Although distal vagal nerve branches, close to end organs, could provide a selective therapeutic approach, these locations are often surgically inaccessible. In contrast, the cervical vagus nerve has been targeted for decades using surgically implantable helix electrodes to treat epileptic seizures and depression; however, to date, clinical implementation of VNS has relied on an electrode with contacts that fully wrap around the nerve, producing non-selective activation of the entire nerve. Here we demonstrate selective cervical VNS using cuff electrodes with multiple contacts around the nerve circumference to target different functional pathways.Approach.These flexible probes were adjusted to the diameter of the nerve using an adhesive hydrogel wrap to create a robust electrode interface. Our approach was verified in a rat model by demonstrating that cervical VNS produces neural activity in the abdominal vagus nerve while limiting effects on the cardiovascular system (i.e. changes in heart rate or blood pressure).Main results.This study demonstrates the potential for selective cervical VNS as a therapeutic approach for modulating distal nerve branches while reducing off target effects.Significance.This methodology could potentially be refined to treat gastrointestinal, metabolic, inflammatory, cardiovascular, and respiratory diseases amenable to vagal neuromodulatory control.The SARS-CoV-2 crisis of 2020 triggered a number of unprecedented reactions of European states, in particular in the form of either constitutional emergency measures or statutory anti-epidemic emergency measures. Poland chose to deal with the crisis by delegating powers to the executive by ordinary legislative means and declared a nationwide state of epidemic emergency on 13 March 2020 and a week later a state of epidemic on the basis of the Act of 5 December 2008 on preventing and combating infections and infectious diseases. For a century, Poland has been dealing with epidemics by delegating powers to the executive by ordinary legislative means. Anti-epidemic emergency measures were developed under the relevant acts of 1919, 1935, 1963, 2001, 2008 and now form an autonomous normative model authorised directly by Article 68 (4) of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 2 April 1997. The Constitution of 2 April 1997 authorises also extraordinary measures in situations of particular danger, "if ordinary constitutional measures are inadequate".