Krausemunck7600

The evolved strain was then further engineered through overexpression of an optimized threonine biosynthetic pathway. We show that the resulting methylotrophic E. see more coli strain has a methanol-dependent growth phenotype with homoserine as co-substrate. In contrast to previous methanol-dependent strains, co-utilization of homoserine is not stoichiometrically linked to methanol assimilation. As such, future engineering of this strain and successive adaptive evolution could enable autonomous growth on methanol as the sole carbon source. KEY POINTS • Adaptive evolution of E. coli enables biosynthesis of all amino acids from methanol. • Overexpression of threonine biosynthesis pathway improves methanol assimilation. • Methanol-dependent growth is seen in minimal media with homoserine as co-substrate.Kidney stones are a common and frequently occurring disease worldwide. Stones can cause urinary tract obstruction, pain, haematuria, and other symptoms. In this study, the relationship between calcium oxalate renal calculi and gut microbiota was considered. The dietary habits of 30 patients with calcium oxalate kidney stones and 30 healthy people were investigated. The 16S rDNA sequences and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in their stool samples were analysed. We identified 5 genera of the gut microbiota as biomarkers for calcium oxalate renal calculi, namely, Bacteroides, Phascolarctobacterium, Faecalibacterium, Akkermansia, and Lactobacillus, with a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve value of 0.871 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.785-0.957). Phascolarctobacterium and Faecalibacterium showed a positive relationship with SCFA synthesis to reduce the risk of kidney stones. Meanwhile, according to the analysis, Lactobacillus spp. made the largest contribution (79%) to prevent kidney stones caused by tea consumption, since tea offers the great parts of oxalate in kidney stone formation. Three strains of Lactobacillus spp. were isolated from stools of a healthy person with a high level of tea consumption who did not suffer from kidney stones. All these strains survived in the colon with supplementation of high concentrations of tea and efficiently degraded oxalic acid (Ca. 50%) in an in vitro colonic simulation. Therefore, a suitable adjustment of the gut microbiota or SCFA concentration enhanced the degradation of oxalate from food, which can be applied to prevent the formation of calcium oxalate renal calculi caused by tea. KEY POINTS • Five genera, including Lactobacillus, were identified as biomarkers for calcium oxalate renal calculi. • Lactobacillus is a potential gut bacterium associated with preventing kidney stone formation. • Isolated Lactobacillus strains have the ability to degrade oxalic acid in vitro.

Acculturation stress is associated with poorer physical and mental health and a lower level of psychological well-being. The causes of acculturation stress are diverse, but most are similar in the migrant population. Despite the importance of evaluating this variable, few studies have reported culturally adapted and validated instruments for specific populations. Based on this, the aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of a short scale for the evaluation of acculturation stress (EBEA).

Two studies were conducted, involving 1725 first-generation Colombian and Peruvian migrants living in Chile, between the ages of 18 and 60 years. In addition to the EBEA and as evidence of validity, the Beck Anxiety Scale and the WHOQOL-BREF psychological health domain were applied. A confirmatory factor analysis was carried out, and the reliability and nomological validity were evaluated.

The results in both studies indicated that the scale presents a factorial structure of three dimensions (a) the stress derived from the preparation and departure from the country of origin, (b) the stress produced by socioeconomic concerns in the host country, and (c) the tensions typical of adaptation to sociocultural changes or Chilean society. The reliability coefficients and the analysis of their nomological validity were very good.

The EBEA is a measure that offers quick, useful screening for researchers who need a short measure for research among migrants. This tool contributes to the work of education, prevention, and intervention in the field of general health and migrants' mental health.

The EBEA is a measure that offers quick, useful screening for researchers who need a short measure for research among migrants. This tool contributes to the work of education, prevention, and intervention in the field of general health and migrants' mental health.

This article reviews the growing body of knowledge on desistance from sexual offending. Although the cessation of offending is a standard observation in criminology and has been demonstrated by people who commit all manner of crimes, it has only recently been considered relevant for individuals convicted of sexual offences.

Desistance from crime is a natural human process and has been observed even among those people who commit sexual offences. The clearest distinction between sexual and nonsexual offenders is the way they are treated by the criminal justice system. Desistance can occur in different ways, for different people, and under different circumstances. It can occur naturally, with or without formal therapeutic assistance or criminal justice intervention. Comparatively few sexual offenders truly warrant the restrictive approaches of enhanced community supervision to which so many people are now subject. A growth industry devoted to sustaining the belief that there is something very different (and identifiable) about sexual offenders has resulted in increasingly dangerous trends in our criminal justice system's response to this crime.

Desistance from crime is a natural human process and has been observed even among those people who commit sexual offences. The clearest distinction between sexual and nonsexual offenders is the way they are treated by the criminal justice system. Desistance can occur in different ways, for different people, and under different circumstances. It can occur naturally, with or without formal therapeutic assistance or criminal justice intervention. Comparatively few sexual offenders truly warrant the restrictive approaches of enhanced community supervision to which so many people are now subject. A growth industry devoted to sustaining the belief that there is something very different (and identifiable) about sexual offenders has resulted in increasingly dangerous trends in our criminal justice system's response to this crime.