Kondrupwebster8303

College students with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at increased risk for numerous educational and psychosocial difficulties. This study reports findings from a large, multisite randomized controlled trial examining the efficacy of a treatment for this population, known as ACCESS-Accessing Campus Connections and Empowering Student Success.

ACCESS is a cognitive-behavioral therapy program delivered via group treatment and individual mentoring across two semesters. A total of 250 students (18-30 years of age, 66% female, 6.8% Latino, 66.3% Caucasian) with rigorously defined ADHD and comorbidity status were recruited from two public universities and randomly assigned to receive ACCESS immediately or on a 1-year delayed basis. Treatment response was assessed on three occasions, addressing primary (i.e., ADHD, executive functioning, depression, anxiety) and secondary (i.e., clinical change mechanisms, service utilization) outcomes.

Latent growth curve modeling (LGCM) revealed significans with ADHD attending college. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Suicide is the 10th leading cause of death in the United States. There are several important decisions that could confer later risk to a suicide attempt (e.g., how to store lethal means). TGFbeta inhibitor Therefore, understanding how people make decisions that are relevant for suicide risk is an important area of study for suicidology. Human behavior diverges from perfectly rational economic decision making according to observable patterns based on predictable cognitive processes. Nudges attempt to diminish, leverage, or circumvent these deviations to increase the probability of a desired choice being selected or behavior being performed. One deviation from rationality is that human choice is context dependent. This deviation can be observed by introducing an objectively inferior alternative option (a decoy) into a choice array that alters an individual's preference. Using decoys could be one way to nudge people toward best practices in suicide prevention work.

This study examined if decoys could reliably alter participannce in suicide research and prevention efforts, as well as suggest irrational decision-making processes in suicide-relevant decision making. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Advancing evidence-based theories of suicide is critical to improving suicide prevention. The aim of the current study was to investigate suicidal desire through an emerging theory of suicide, the Three-Step Theory (3ST). Specifically, this study investigated the validity and predictive utility of Steps 1 and 2 of the 3ST in a Canadian community sample.

Participants were 487 adults between the ages of 35 to 90 (M = 59; 64% female, 87% White) who completed self-report measures assessing suicidal ideation and attempt history, hopelessness, psychological pain, and 5 forms of social connectedness at baseline and 6 months later.

In support of 3ST predictions, cross-sectional analyses showed (a) the combination of pain and hopelessness strongly correlated with suicidal desire, and (b) connectedness was protective of suicidal desire among those high in pain and hopelessness. Regarding predictive utility, longitudinal analyses showed that pain and hopelessness were strong predictors of future suicidal desire and that connectedness was protective against future suicidal desire. These relationships of pain, hopelessness, and connectedness remained when controlling for baseline suicidal desire.

Results support the validity and predictive utility of 3ST hypotheses related to suicidal desire. Taken together with previous studies, findings suggest that Steps 1 and 2 are useful for conceptualizing suicide risk and prevention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Results support the validity and predictive utility of 3ST hypotheses related to suicidal desire. Taken together with previous studies, findings suggest that Steps 1 and 2 are useful for conceptualizing suicide risk and prevention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).Representing objects as continuous across time requires the establishment of correspondence, whereby current stimuli are represented as deriving from the same object as earlier stimuli. Spatiotemporal continuity and surface-feature similarity play important roles in these correspondence processes. Because objects are often represented across extended periods of time, visual working memory (VWM) content should also play a role in object correspondence. We tested this prediction using Ternus motion. Displays consisted of three-disk arrays that shifted horizontally by one position between frames. Depending on how correspondence is resolved, Ternus displays are perceived as group motion, where all three disks appear to move together, or element motion, where one disk appears to jump across the others. Reports of which motion is perceived provide an index of how correspondence was resolved. Ternus displays were adapted such that the color of some disks biased element motion while the color of others biased group motion. Maintaining one or the other of the colors in VWM for later report systematically biased which type of motion was perceived (Experiments 1 and 2). When color was incidental to the VWM task, however, it did not (Experiment 3). These results confirm that VWM content contributes to object correspondence. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).Adjustment disorders are among the most commonly diagnosed mental health disorders in both civilian and military clinical settings. Despite their high prevalence, adjustment disorders have received little research attention. The many gaps in our understanding of this group of disorders hinder the development of adequate, evidence-based treatment protocols. This study utilizes a systematic methodology to identify and prioritize research gaps in adjustment disorders. We used authoritative source reports to identify gaps in research domains from foundational science to services research. Subject-matter experts conducted literature searches to substantiate and refine research gaps, and stakeholders assessed the importance and impact of this work for researchers and policy-makers. We identified 254 possible research-needs statements, which were ultimately reduced to 11 final, prioritized research gaps. Two gaps addressed prevention and screening and three addressed treatment and services research. Six gaps addressed foundational science, epidemiology, and etiology research domains, highlighting the need for basic research.