Jonssonadair2239
Recent autism research has evidenced a shift from psychological outcomes to contextualised approaches to understanding the varying needs of non autistic siblings of autistic children across different systems. Yet, there is limited research exploring the lived experiences of siblings in their school context.
First, a group of school aged sibling advisors worked with the first author to codesign research aims, methods and dissemination practices around the topic of the school experiences of siblings who grow up with an autistic brother or sister in the UK. Then, 28 school-aged siblings of autistic children completed adapted photo-elicitation interviews, to discuss their school experiences. A background questionnaire was also administered to their parents and carers.
Thematic analysis was employed. The master themes included (i) Impact of home experiences in schoolwork, including limited personal time and sleep disruptions (ii) Siblings' school interactions impact on overall school experience, including a l objects, and school timetables). Requests to access the datasets should be directed to corresponding author.
The datasets generated for this study are not readily available because they include sensitive data (photos of siblings' houses, family members, personal objects, and school timetables). Requests to access the datasets should be directed to corresponding author.Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been a long-time public health problem impacting people's heath and challenging healthcare professions because of its poor prognosis and high lethality. More and more evidence indicated the important role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in carcinogenesis and cancer metabolism in a variety of cancer types. In this study, we found that FIRRE, a recently identified cancer-associated lncRNA located on chromosome X, is highly expressed in HCC cell lines and tissue samples, and its expression is positively correlated with poor HCC prognosis. In vitro and in vivo functional analyses showed that FIRRE could promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC. As for the potential mechanism, FIRRE specifically binds to the splicing factor MBNL3 to affect the expression of PXN to regulate the pathological characteristics of HCC cells. In summary, our study showed that the lncRNA FIRRE is a cancer promoting factor and may be a potential biomarker for the prognosis and drug target for the treatment of HCC.Colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2) is a potent cytokine that stimulates myeloid cells, such as dendritic cells and macrophages. We have been analyzing the roles of microglia in retinal degeneration through the modulation of inflammation in the eye, and examined the roles of CSF2 in this process. Both subunits of the CSF2 receptor are expressed in microglia, but no evidence suggesting the involvement of CSF2 in inflammation in the degenerating eye has been reported. We found that Csf2 transcripts were induced in the early phase of in vitro mouse adult retina culture, used as degeneration models, suggesting that CSF2 induction is one of the earliest events occurring in the pathology of retinal degeneration. The administration of CSF2 into the retina after systemic NaIO3 treatment increased the number of microglia. To examine the roles of CSF2 in retinal inflammation, we overexpressed CSF2 in retinal explants. Induction of CSF2 activated microglia and Müller glia, and the layer structure of the retina was severely perturbed. CC motif chemokine ligand 2 (Ccl2) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (Cxcl10), both of which are expressed in activated microglia, were strongly induced by the expression of CSF2 in the retina. The addition of CSF2 to primary retinal microglia and the microglial cell lines MG5 and BV2 showed statistically significant increase in Ccl2 and Il1b transcripts. Furthermore, CSF2 induced proliferation, migration, and phagocytosis in MG5 and/or BV2. The effects of CSF2 on microglia were mild, suggesting that CSF2 induced strong inflammation in the context of the retinal environment.
To assess and improve otoscopy examination skills across various medical specialities who perform otoscopy during their professional practice.
A pre-intervention survey was created using www.surveymonkey.com, which included several preliminary questions to clarify the participant's speciality and training level, followed by 25 individual otoscopy images. The participants were given 12 possible diagnoses for each otoscopy image and asked to choose the single best answer. After completing the survey, participants were asked to watch an otoscopy teaching session. This teaching session was created with multidisciplinary feedback, and the content included a demonstration video and a didactic lecture. Finally, a post-intervention survey was circulated four weeks later to the same cohort of doctors to assess improvement.
A total of 79 pre-intervention surveys were collected with an average score of 53% (range 20-100%). The spectrum of medical specialities that completed the pre-intervention survey included paediatrics, ear, nose, and throat (ENT), emergency medicine, and general practice. Proteasome inhibitor The largest cohort of surveys came from senior house officers (SHO). In addition, 78.5% of responses were completed by doctors who had not worked in ENT before. After completing the otoscopy teaching session and at least four weeks after the initial survey, 23 post-intervention surveys were completed with an average score of 66% (range 32-100%), a 13% improvement.
The results of the pre-intervention survey show that many doctors have difficulty diagnosing ear conditions. The implementation of a 25-min teaching session achieved a 13% improvement in the otoscopy knowledge of doctors across a variety of specialities.
The results of the pre-intervention survey show that many doctors have difficulty diagnosing ear conditions. The implementation of a 25-min teaching session achieved a 13% improvement in the otoscopy knowledge of doctors across a variety of specialities.
As the number of hearing loss cochlear implant candidates who suffer from global developmental delay has dramatically increased, we aimed to study the prognosis of implantation in this group.
In this cross-sectional case-control study, we utilized the Ages and Stages Questionnaire third edition (ASQ-3) to investigate the prognosis of cochlear implantation and its rehabilitation in 26 congenitally deaf children who suffered from global developmental delay compared with those in 25 non-delayed cases with the same conditions in two time periods, namely the first diagnosis of hearing loss and 18 months after the surgery and rehabilitation program. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 21 (SPSS-21).
By the time of hearing loss diagnosis (six months old), the performance of all the global developmentally delayed hearing loss children in five subtests of the ASQ-3 scale was significantly lower than that of their non-delayed peers. Meanwhile, they improved significantly in two gross motor and social development subtests 18 months after the surgery and rehabilitation.
Along with the general improvement of delay developed children with sensorineural hearing loss after cochlear implantation, global developmental assessment in the process of candidacy and after implantation is an essential factor that needs to be considered.
Along with the general improvement of delay developed children with sensorineural hearing loss after cochlear implantation, global developmental assessment in the process of candidacy and after implantation is an essential factor that needs to be considered.
Existing risk scores appear insufficient to assess the individual survival risk of patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and do not take advantage of the variety of parameters that are collected during clinical care.
In this retrospective study, we built a random survival forest model from clinical data of 203 patients with advanced PDAC. The parameters were assessed before initiation of systemic treatment and included age, CA19-9, C-reactive protein, metastatic status, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and total serum protein level. Separate models including imaging and molecular parameters were built for subgroups.
Over the entire cohort, a model based on clinical parameters achieved a c-index of 0.71. Our approach outperformed the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system and the modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) in the identification of high- and low-risk subgroups. Inclusion of the KRAS p.G12D mutational status could further improve the prediction, whereas radiomics data of the primary tumor only showed little benefit. In an external validation cohort of PDAC patients with liver metastases, our model achieved a c-index of 0.67 (mGPS 0.59).
The combination of multimodal data and machine-learning algorithms holds potential for personalized prognostication in advanced PDAC already at diagnosis.
The combination of multimodal data and machine-learning algorithms holds potential for personalized prognostication in advanced PDAC already at diagnosis.
Lung cancer is the second most common cancer and leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Recent advances in molecular testing and targeted therapy have improved survival among patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We sought to quantify and describe molecular testing among metastatic non-squamous NSCLC cases in selected Southeast Asian countries and describe first-line therapy chosen.
A retrospective study was conducted based on incident lung cancer cases diagnosed between 2017 and 2019 in Lampang (Thailand), Penang (Malaysia), Singapore and Yogyakarta (Indonesia). Cases (n= 3413) were defined using the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology third edition. In Singapore, a clinical series obtained from the National Cancer Centre was used to identify patients, while corresponding population-based cancer registries were used elsewhere. Tumor and clinical information were abstracted by chart review according to a predefined study protocol. Molecular testing of epidermdata within population-based cancer registries. Our study results identify areas where further development could improve patient access to optimal treatment.
This first analysis of data from a clinically annotated registry for lung cancer from four settings in Southeast Asia has demonstrated the feasibility of integrating clinical data within population-based cancer registries. Our study results identify areas where further development could improve patient access to optimal treatment.Across the lifespan, humans are biased to look first at what is easy to see, with a handful of well-documented visual saliences shaping our attention (e.g., Itti & Koch, 2001). These attentional biases may emerge from the contexts in which moment-tomoment attention occurs, where perceivers and their social partners actively shape bottom-up saliences, moving their bodies and objects to make targets of interest more salient. The goal of the present study was to determine the bottom-up saliences present in infant egocentric images and to provide evidence on the role that infants and their mature social partners play in highlighting targets of interest via these saliences. We examined 968 unique scenes in which an object had purposefully been placed in the infant's egocentric view, drawn from videos created by one-year-old infants wearing a head camera during toy-play with a parent. To understand which saliences mattered in these scenes, we conducted a visual search task, asking participants (n = 156) to find objects in the egocentric images.
