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 = 68), the satisfaction level was high (8.88 ± 1.18/10). The respondents were most satisfied with the good quality of the speakers (73.5%). Not only hosts our webinar series but IMC also serves as the platform that welcomes webinars from other societies to share their information. In September 2020, International Microsurgery Webinar League was established via the significant webinar hosts, with more than 300 recorded webinar talks connected successfully.

 As the knowledge revolution driven by COVID-19 will continue, IMC will keep playing an essential role in exploring new and emerging opportunities to improve knowledge dissemination worldwide beyond the space-time boundary.

 As the knowledge revolution driven by COVID-19 will continue, IMC will keep playing an essential role in exploring new and emerging opportunities to improve knowledge dissemination worldwide beyond the space-time boundary.

 In breast surgery, an autologous flap combined with implant may reduce the risk or repair the soft-tissue defects in several cases. Traditionally, the preferred flap is the myocutaneous latissimus dorsi (LD) flap. In the perforator flap era, the evolution of LD flap is the thoracodorsal artery perforator (TDAP) flap. The aim of this study is the comparison between LD flap and TDAP flap with implants in terms of early complications and shoulder function.

 We performed a retrospective cohort study in accordance with the STROBE guidelines. Between January 1 2015 and January 1 2020, 27 women underwent a unilateral total breast reconstruction with LD or TDAP flap combined with an implant at our institution. 15 women were operated with LD flap and 12 with TDAP flap. The most frequent indications for intervention were results of mastectomy and radiation-induced contracture. check details We evaluated several data in terms of clinical and demographical characteristics, operative and perioperative factors, and follow-up variabould be a more favorable option in terms of less complications and better quality of life.In this case report we present a previously healthy 21-year-old male with extensive thromboembolism in the setting of asymptomatic COVID-19 infection and heterozygous factor V Leiden mutation with no additional thrombophilic risk factors.The choroid is directly adjacent to the retina and consists of a dense vascular network that supplies the outer retina. link2 Pathologies in the choroid can lead to changes in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors. Thus, the choroid plays a crucial role in the development of retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR), pathologic myopia, and inflammatory diseases such as Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (VKH). Basic knowledge of the structure and physiology of the choroid, as well as diagnostic options for visualizing choroidal changes, provides a better understanding of the physiology and pathology of choroidal processes. This review provides an overview of the anatomy and function of the choroid, and describes the diagnostic techniques currently available to characterize and visualize the choroid. It also includes an overview of various retinal conditions, which are associated with choroidal changes.The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 6-month cycling aerobic exercise intervention on cardiorespiratory fitness and the dose-response relationship in community-dwelling older adults with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's dementia. The FIT-AD trial was a single blind, 2-parallel group, pilot randomized controlled trial. The aerobic exercise group participated in a 6-month, thrice weekly, moderate-vigorous intensity cycling intervention while control group performed stretching. Cardiorespiratory fitness was evaluated by peak oxygen consumption from cardiopulmonary exercise test and peak walking distance from the shuttle walk test and 6-minute walk test. Aerobic exercise dose was calculated using the novel heart rate physical activity score. The aerobic exercise group significantly increased peak oxygen consumption (1.28 ml/kg/min; p=.03) in subgroup who achieved maximal criteria on cardiopulmonary exercise test. Changes in peak oxygen consumption and peak walking distance on the shuttle walk and 6-minute walk tests did not significantly differ between aerobic exercise and stretching groups. Notably, the aerobic exercise dose was strongly and significantly correlated to change in peak oxygen consumption (r=.60; n=16; p=.01), in subset who met maximal test criteria. Emphasis on exercise dose is needed in aerobic exercise programs to maximize cardiorespiratory fitness gains in persons with mild-moderate Alzheimer's dementia.The care of adult patients with particularly severe psychiatric illnesses in the daily routine of inpatient obstetrics is rare, but due to its complexity it represents a great challenge for all professions involved. The clinical pictures are very variable. There are a number of interlocking responsibilities in the provision of care. For planning of the birth, the medical-professional cooperation of psychiatry, obstetrics and pediatrics is necessary. Patients are often represented by legal guardians. The Youth Welfare Office is responsible for the welfare of the family and the children. The legal basis is essentially provided by the Civil Code, the Criminal Code and specific state laws, compliance with which is monitored by the courts. Typical psychiatric clinical pictures are presented by means of case reports. Legally defined applications such as accommodation, measures similar to deprivation of liberty, compulsory medical measures and justifiable necessity are explained. In the sense of a thematic analysis, these are applied to the case reports and peripartum management is discussed against the legal background. The precise knowledge of the legal background makes it easier for obstetricians to follow the procedures and interdisciplinary cooperation, especially at perinatalogical centres.

The "Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire" by Claas Wijma et al. (W-DEQ_A), which is the most frequently used internationally to determine high levels of fear of childbirth in pregnancy, was not previously available in German. In European countries, Canada, Australia and the United States, fear of childbirth is reported to have a prevalence of 6.3 to 14.8%. Particularly, women with a fear of childbirth have an increased risk for preeclampsia, intrauterine growth retardation, and caesarean sections.

An English version of the W-DEQ_A authorized by Claas Wijma was translated and culturally adapted according to the guideline of Ohrbach et al. (INfORM). Content validity was statistically determined by means of the content validity index/average method (S-CVI/Ave).

The translation of all text sections of the W-DEQ_A was subjected to independent appraisal. One introductory question and three items needed to be retranslated. Moreover, three items required rewording to achieve cultural equivalence. The calculated content validity yielded an "excellent" S-CVI/Ave of 0.91.

The W-DEQ_A is now available in a German version for the self-assessment of fear of childbirth. It is entitled "Gedanken und Gefühle schwangerer Frauen im Hinblick auf die bevorstehende Geburt". In the form of a digital health app, the questionnaire could be prescribed and the result directly transferred to the electronic patient record.

The W-DEQ_A is now available in a German version for the self-assessment of fear of childbirth. It is entitled "Gedanken und Gefühle schwangerer Frauen im Hinblick auf die bevorstehende Geburt". In the form of a digital health app, the questionnaire could be prescribed and the result directly transferred to the electronic patient record.

This study's objective was to identify prenatal criteria helping differential diagnosis of bilateral enlarged, hyperechogenic kidneys, especially looking at development of renal volume and amniotic fluid volume with increasing gestational age.

Retrospective analysis (single-center database) of all bilateral enlarged, hyperechogenic kidneys between 2000-2018. Renal enlargement was defined as renal volume>90

percentile. Evaluation included development of renal and amniotic fluid volume during pregnancy and fetal outcome.

23 cases fulfilled the inclusion criteria. 12 pregnancies were terminated. For 11 continued pregnancies, longitudinal information on amniotic fluid volume and renal volume were available. 4 cases with oligohydramnios showed a progressive reduction; 6 cases with normal/increased amniotic fluid volume remained stable; in 1 case amniotic fluid volume normalized from initially being oligohydramnios. Regarding renal volume, 4 cases showed exponential enlargement, 3 cases linear progression; in 2 cases renal volume stabilized after initial progression; 2 cases showed initial progression and secondary regression. 4 fetuses survived 3 autosomal dominant polycystic kidney diseases, 1 Bardet-Biedl syndrome.

Progressive reduction of amniotic fluid volume with exponential increase of renal volume is highly suggestive for autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease. Cases of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease show a linear progression of renal volume>90

percentile and mostly normal amniotic fluid volume.

90th percentile and mostly normal amniotic fluid volume.Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MNs) are a late complication of cytotoxic therapy and are defined as a distinct entity by the World Health Organization. While the link between chemotherapy exposure and risk of subsequent t-MN is well-described, the association between radiation monotherapy (RT) and t-MN risk is less definitive. We analyzed 109 consecutive patients who developed t-MNs after RT and describe latencies, cytogenetic profile, mutation analyses, and clinical outcomes. link3 The most common cytogenetic abnormality was a clonal abnormality in chromosome 5 and/or 7, which was present in 45% of patients. The median latency from RT to t-MN diagnosis was 6.5 years, with the shortest latency in patients with balanced translocations. 1-year overall survival (OS) was 52% and 5-year OS was 22% for the entire cohort. Patients with chromosome 5 and/or 7 abnormalities experienced worse 1-year OS (37%) and 5-year OS (2%) when compared to other cytogenetic groups (p less then 0.0001). 16 patients underwent NGS; ASXL1 and TET2 were the most commonly mutated genes (n=4). In addition, 17 patients underwent germline variant testing and 3 carried pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline variants. In conclusion, patients with t-MN after RT monotherapy have increased frequencies of chromosome 5 and/or 7 abnormalities, which are associated with poor overall survival. In addition, pathogenic germline variants may be common in patients with t-MN after RT monotherapy.As part of the inflammatory response by macrophages, Irg1 is induced resulting in millimolar quantities of itaconate being produced. This immunometabolite remodels the macrophage metabolome and acts as an antimicrobial agent when excreted. Itaconate is not synthesized within the erythron, but instead may be acquired from central macrophages within the erythroid island. Previously we reported that itaconate inhibits hemoglobinzation of developing erythroid cells. Herein we demonstrate that this is accomplished by inhibition of tetrapyrrole synthesis. In differentiating erythroid precursors, cellular heme and protoporphyrin IX synthesis are reduced by itaconate at an early step in the pathway. In addition, itaconate causes global alterations in cellular metabolite pools resulting in elevated levels of succinate, 2-hydroxyglutarate, pyruvate, glyoxylate, and intermediates of glycolytic shunts. Itaconate taken up by the developing erythron can be converted to itaconyl-CoA by the enzyme succinyl-CoAglutarate-CoA transferase.