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[This corrects the article DOI 10.3389/fped.2019.00297.]. Copyright © 2020 Larsson, Lind, Laursen, Yonemitsu, Larnkjær, Mølgaard, Michaelsen and Bode.For the pediatric nephrologist, the over-the-counter status for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is surprising due to their possible harmful side effects. These can include acute renal failure due mainly to glomerular hypoperfusion which may lead to acute tubular necrosis; more rarely in children, medullary ischemic injury and cardiovascular diseases; acute or chronic interstitial nephritis which may cause chronic renal failure. All of them may create electrolyte abnormalities hyponatremia, hyperkaliemia, renal tubular acidosis, fluid retention causing hypertension. Copyright © 2020 Bensman.Osteoarthritis of the knee is a debilitating condition affecting increasing numbers of individuals each year. One option for treatment is orthotic knee braces, but a little independent reviews have taken place to date on their relative outcomes for users. This study therefore evaluates the efficacy of different types of knee orthoses (braces) with regard to key aspects of use, including gait parameters, mobility and levels of comfort and compliance in subjects presenting with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. The collated data is presented with relevant supporting literature and appropriate descriptions in relation to each knee orthosis type that was identified, within appropriate subsections with advantages and disadvantages appropriately allocated. An analysis of each brace as presented by the corresponding article is then described further in terms of the design and structure, user outcomes and assessment summaries. According to the study carried out in this paper, it is presented and proved that applying the use of knee braces can reduce the knee adduction moment (KAM), but the amount of reduction afforded varies between designs. All of the studies reported significant pain reduction and functional improvement with the use of a knee brace, although their effect on the knee joint range of motion vary. Knee braces long-term use depends upon high levels of comfort and patient compliance, and further studies need to be conducted on larger numbers of subjects over greater time periods to reflect the long-term outcomes accurately. Copyright © Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.Background The importance of continuous monitoring along with rapid and accurate notification of changes in blood components such as hemoglobin concentration, especially in acute situations, encourages researchers to use non-invasive methods for measuring. selleck chemicals llc Objective This study was aimed to investigate the correlation between hemoglobin concentration and photoplethysmogram (PPG) and the possibility of measuring it by an optical method. Material and Methods In this applied study, a PPG signal was simultaneously recorded at four different wavelengths for thirty subjects who were referred to the laboratory for a hemoglobin concentration test. After calibrating the special recording probe with a standard pulse oximeter system and applying the required preprocessing on the obtained signals, the peak-to-peak value of PPG signals was extracted. Finally, the correlation between the peak-to-peak value of the signal at a certain wavelength and hemoglobin concentration was analyzed using Spearman and Pearson correlation for determining the process of changes in the data. Results The results demonstrated that based on the normal distribution of data at 590 nm wavelength, there is a significantly negative correlation between a function of the signal peak slope and the hemoglobin concentration, with a Pearson coefficient of -0.787 (p less then 0.01). In addition, the investigation of rank correlation indicated a significantly negative correlation of -0.842 (p less then 0.01) using Spearman correlation analysis. Conclusion Considering the high correlation between hemoglobin concentration and PPG signal characteristics, optical methods can be used to develop a rapid, precise, clean and inexpensive method to measure hemoglobin concentration. Copyright © Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.Background Multiple Sclerosis (MS) syndrome is a type of Immune-Mediated disorder in the central nervous system (CNS) which destroys myelin sheaths, and results in plaque (lesion) formation in the brain. From the clinical point of view, investigating and monitoring information such as position, volume, number, and changes of these plaques are integral parts of the controlling process this disease over a period. Visualizing MS lesions in vivo with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has a key role in observing the course of the disease. Material and Methods In this analytical study, two different processing methods were present in this study in order to make an effort to detect and localize lesions in the patients' FLAIR (Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery) images. Segmentation was performed using Ensemble Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification. The trained data was randomly divided into five equal sections, and each section was fed into the computer as an input to one of the SVM classifiers that led to five different SVM structures. Results To evaluate results of segmentation, some criteria have been investigated such as Dice, Jaccard, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and accuracy. Both modes of ESVM, including first and second ones have similar results. Dice criterion was satisfied much better with specialist's work and it is observed that Dice average has 0.57±.15 and 0.6±.12 values in the first and second approach, respectively. Conclusion An acceptable overlap between those results reported by the neurologist and the ones obtained from the automatic segmentation algorithm was reached using an appropriate pre-processing in the proposed algorithm. Post-processing analysis further reduced false positives using morphological operations and also improved the evaluation criteria, including sensitivity and positive predictive value. Copyright © Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.Background Tinnitus known as a central nervous system disorder is correlated with specific oscillatory activities within auditory and non-auditory brain areas. Several studies in the past few years have revealed that in the most tinnitus cases, the response pattern of neurons in auditory system is changed due to auditory deafferentation, which leads to variation and disruption of the brain networks. Objective In this paper, we introduce an approach to automatically distinguish tinnitus individuals from healthy controls based on whole-brain functional connectivity and network analysis. Material and Methods The functional connectivity analysis was applied to the resting state electroencephalographic (EEG) data of both groups using Weighted Phase Lag Index (WPLI) for various frequency bands in 2-44 Hz frequency range. In this case- control study, the classification was performed on graph theoretical measures using support vector machine (SVM) as a robust classification method. Results Experimental results showed promising classification performance with a high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity in all frequency bands, specifically in the beta2 frequency band.