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The Flemish Collaborative Glomerulonephritis Group (FCGG) registry is a population-based kidney biopsy registry that has been including all native kidney biopsies performed in children in Flanders (Belgium), since 2017.

From 2017 to 2020, 148 pediatric (< 18years) native kidney biopsies were included. Each biopsy received a histopathological and final nephrological diagnosis, and concordance between both was assessed. Disease chronicity, summarized by the Mayo Clinic Chronicity Score, was determined on 122 biopsies with > 5 glomeruli.

Kidney biopsy rate was high (29.0 biopsies per million children per year), median age was 10.0years (IQR 5.8-14.7), and boys predominated (56.1% males). A total of 140 biopsies (94.6%) showed a representative pathology result. Glomerular disease was most prevalent, with IgA nephropathy/IgA vasculitis (43 biopsies, 29.1%) and minimal change disease (MCD) (29 biopsies, 19.6%) being the overall most frequent diagnoses. In general, diagnostic concordance was high (80.7%)ng. A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycaemia without ketoacidosis are common acute complications of diabetes. Their association with acute kidney injury (AKI) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) was studied.

The study group consisted of 197 children with type 1 diabetes with average diabetes duration of 8.08 ± 2.32years. The medical history of the patients was retrospectively reviewed. The number of children with severe hyperglycaemia, DKA and AKI was assessed. The association with the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) was analysed.

AKI was found in 14% of cases hospitalised for DKA and 8% of cases hospitalised for hyperglycaemia. Patients with AKI showed a significantly increased corrected sodium (141.23 ± 5.09mmol/L, p = 0.035). Patients with AKI in DKA showed a significant increase in WBC (20.73 ± 8.71 × 10

/µL, p = 0.0009). Follow-up analysis after a minimum of 5years of diabetes revealed that a single episode of DKA was found in 63 patients and a single episode of AKI in 18 patients. Two or moran magnify the risk of progression to DKD. A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information.

Chronic kidney-related sequelae after STEC-HUS occur in 20-40% of patients. Hyperuricemia (HU) may cause acute and chronic toxicity involving the kidneys. We retrospectively assessed if there was an association between the presence of HU during the acute illness and that of kidney-related sequelae in children with STEC-HUS.

Children with STEC-HUS who had clinical and laboratory data at 2years of follow-up were included in this case-control study. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed between patients with (cases) or without (controls) kidney-related sequelae to identify factors associated with outcomes, including different measures of serum uric acid (sUA) (baseline level, peak, and duration of HU). HU was defined as sUA > 8mg/dL.

Of 86 patients included, 77.9% had HU. Patients with sequelae (n = 41) had a higher prevalence of HU (41/41 vs. 26/45, p < 0.01), higher baseline leukocyte count, serum creatinine (sCr), and sUA levels as well as lower sodium than controls. During hospitalization, cases also had higher sCr peak, sUA peak and duration of HU, requirement and duration of dialysis, extrarenal complications, and hypertension. By multivariate analysis, after adjusting for length of dialysis, only duration of HU (p = 0.0005; OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.27-2.36) remained as an independent predictor of sequelae, with a best cutoff of 5.5days (AUC 0.95, specificity 80%, sensitivity 100%).

The presence of HU is a common finding in children with STEC-HUS and its duration during the acute stage was associated with kidney-related sequelae, regardless of the duration of dialysis. A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary Information.

The presence of HU is a common finding in children with STEC-HUS and its duration during the acute stage was associated with kidney-related sequelae, regardless of the duration of dialysis. A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary Information.Successful outcomes in pediatric kidney transplantation require the involvement of the transplant team as well as recipients and their caregivers. Enhancing patient and family understanding of the disease and of post-transplant care can result in improved adherence and outcomes. Educational strategies should aim to be broad, understandable, innovative, and inclusive while maintaining a tailored approach to individualized care. Teaching should not be viewed as a one-time event but rather as an ongoing conversation throughout the duration of care, emphasizing different aspects throughout the patient's various developmental stages. The following review article discusses the content and methods of post-transplant education.

With the rapid increase of bariatric surgery worldwide, drug-related problems (DRPs) in this area seem to be rising. This study aimed to investigate the incidence and characteristics of DRPs in patients undergoing bariatric surgery.

Medication records for patients who underwent bariatric surgery were analysed retrospectively between January 2019 and December 2020 in our center. We classified and analysed DRPs using the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe classification (PCNE version 9.0). Rating severity of these DRPs was based on the National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention (NCC MERP) classification. Continuous variables were analysed by Student's t-test, and categorical variables were compared using the chi-square test. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the numbers of DRPs.

Totally 347 patients were reviewed, and 760 DRPs were identified with an average of 2.19 ± 1.36 DRPs for each patient. The most common DRPs were problems related to perioperative antibiotics accoun of bariatric surgery is high. Patients with fewer concomitant surgeries and longer PFT are prone to DRPs. It is necessary for clinical pharmacists to participate in medication monitoring and reviewing to facilitate enhanced recovery after bariatric surgery.This systematic review evaluated the impact of bariatric surgery, performed to improve eligibility for kidney transplantation, on post-transplantation outcomes. A systematic literature search was performed for articles published by 30 January 2022. A total of 31 studies were included. Among patients without pre-transplantation bariatric surgery, 18 studies reported 13.7% graft loss and 9.1% mortality within 5 years' post-transplantation. Among recipients with pre-transplantation bariatric surgery, 15 studies reported 8.7% graft loss and 2.8% mortality within 1 month to over 5 years' post-transplantation. Two case-control studies comparing post-transplantation outcomes between recipients with and without prior bariatric surgery demonstrated no significant differences between groups for graft loss, patient mortality, delayed graft function, wound complications and lymphocele. Non-randomized selection of patients and different lengths of follow-up limit the results of this study.

The association between hepatitis B and concomitant diseases, such as fatty liver, T2DM, MetS, and Hp infection, remains unclear.

The present study was to illustrate the association and explore the co-contribution on abnormal transaminase and progression of liver stiffness.

A total of 95,998 participants underwent HBsAg screening in West China Hospital from 2014 to 2017. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the adjusted odds ratios.

The prevalence of HBsAg-positive rate was 8.30% of our included study population. BMS-986278 LPA Receptor antagonist HBsAg positive was associated with negative risk of fatty liver (odds ratio [OR] 0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.65-0.78, p < 0.001) and MetS (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.67-0.84, p < 0.001), and with positive risk of Hp infection (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02-1.17, p = 0.012) and T2DM (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.01-1.40, p = 0.043). Besides, HBsAg-positive patients with T2DM had higher risk of elevated ALT (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.69-2.83, p < 0.001 vs OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.51-1.68, p < 0.001), AST (OR 2.69, 95% CI 1.98-3.65, p < 0.001 vs OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.76-2.02, p < 0.001) than HBV alone. In addition to HBV, T2DM also can increase the risk of liver fibrosis (OR 3.23, 95% CI 1.35-7.71, p = 0.008) and cirrhosis (OR 4.31, 95% CI 1.41-13.20, p = 0.010).

Hepatitis B patients have a lower risk of fatty liver and MetS, and a higher risk of T2DM and Hp infection. Besides, T2DM might be possibly associated with abnormal liver transaminase and fibrosis progression in HBsAg-positive patients.

Hepatitis B patients have a lower risk of fatty liver and MetS, and a higher risk of T2DM and Hp infection. Besides, T2DM might be possibly associated with abnormal liver transaminase and fibrosis progression in HBsAg-positive patients.Polymers, such as partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM), are widely used in oil fields to enhance or improve the recovery of crude oil from the reservoirs. It works by increasing the viscosity of the injected water, thus improving its mobility and oil recovery. However, during such enhanced oil recovery (EOR) operations, it also produces a huge quantity of water alongside oil. Depending on the age and the stage of the oil reserve, the oil field produces ~ 7-10 times more water than oil. Such water contains various types of toxic components, such as traces of crude oil, heavy metals, and different types of chemicals (used during EOR operations such as HPAM). Thus, a huge quantity of HPAM containing produced water generated worldwide requires proper treatment and usage. The possible toxicity of HPAM is still ambiguous, but its natural decomposition product, acrylamide, threatens humans' health and ecological environments. Therefore, the main challenge is the removal or degradation of HPAM in an environmentally safe manner from the produced water before proper disposal. Several chemical and thermal techniques are employed for the removal of HPAM, but they are not so environmentally friendly and somewhat expensive. Among different types of treatments, biodegradation with the aid of individual or mixed microbes (as biofilms) is touted to be an efficient and environmentally friendly way to solve the problem without harmful side effects. Many researchers have explored and reported the potential of such bioremediation technology with a variable removal efficiency of HPAM from the oil field produced water, both in lab scale and field scale studies. The current review is in line with United Nations Sustainability Goals, related to water security-UNSDG 6. It highlights the scale of such HPAM-based EOR applications, the challenge of produced water treatment, current possible solutions, and future possibilities to reuse such treated water sources for other applications.Biological processes result from interactions among molecules and cell-to-cell communications. In the last 50 years, network theory has empowered advances in understanding molecular networks' structure and dynamics that regulate biological systems. Adopting a network data analysis point of view at more laboratories might enrich their research capacity to generate forward working hypotheses. This work briefly describes network theory origins and provides basic graph analysis principles in biological systems, specific centrality measurements, and the main models for network structures. Also, we describe a workflow employing user-friendly free platforms to process, construct, and analyze transcriptome data from a network perspective. With this assay, we expect to encourage the implementation of network theory analysis on biological data in everyday laboratory research.