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These results imply that the two platinum complexes manifest a significantly different behavior in their reaction with representative small molecules in agreement with what observed in the case of model proteins. It follows that the protein itself must play a crucial role in triggering the peculiar reactivity of cis-[PtI2(NH3)2] and in governing the nature of the formed protein adducts. The probable reasons for the observed behavior are critically commented and discussed.The Early Pliocene Sagantole Fm. in the Gona Project area, Afar State, Ethiopia, is noted for discoveries of the early hominin Ardipithecus ramidus. A large series of fossil cercopithecid primates dated to between 4.8 and 4.3 Ma has also been collected from these sediments. In this paper, we use qualitative analysis and standard dental and postcranial measures to systematically describe the craniodental remains and tentatively allocate postcrania to taxa where we are able to. We then use these data to compare these specimens to fossil assemblages from contemporary sites, interpret their paleobiology, and discuss implications for the paleoecology of the Gona Sagantole Fm. AZ 3146 chemical structure We recognize three cercopithecid species in the Gona Sagantole Fm. Pliopapio alemui makes up approximately two-thirds of the identifiable specimens; nearly all of the rest are allocated to Kuseracolobus aramisi, and a single molar indicates the presence of a second, somewhat larger but morphologically distinct papionin. Among the Early Pliocene cercopithecids from Gona are also a number of postcranial elements. None of the postcranial remains are directly associated with any of the cranial material. Nonetheless, some of the distal humeri and proximal femora can be tentatively allocated to either Pl. alemui or K. aramisi based on a combination of size, as the latter is approximately 50% larger than the former, and morphology. If these assignments are correct, they suggest K. aramisi was primarily arboreal and similar to most extant colobines, whereas Pl. alemui was more mixed in its substrate use, being more terrestrially adapted than K. aramisi, but less so than extant Papio or Theropithecus. Thus, we interpret the predominance of Pl. alemui over K. aramisi is consistent with a somewhat more open environment at Gona than at Aramis.The impact of oxytetracycline (OTC) exposure in water on the fish still remains unclear. We hypothesized OTC exposure could alter fish gut microbiome and affect thyroid hormone and serotonin homeostasis in the brain via "chemical-gut-brain" axis. Here, ∼2-month-old juvenile zebrafish (Danio rerio) was exposed to two concentrations of OTC (1 and 100 μg/L) for one month until adulthood. Thyroxine-associated gene analysis in the brain revealed that deiodinase 2 (DIO2), deiodinase 3 (DIO3), and thyroid hormone receptor beta (THRβ) expression was significantly decreased. Quantification of thyroid hormones showed a decrease in triiodothyronine (T3) under OTC treatment, which agrees with reduced activity of DIO2. For the serotonin (5-HT) synthesis, the expression of tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH2) was 41 % and 9.3 % of the control group for 1 and 100 μg/L OTC exposed groups; respectively. The intestinal 16S rRNA analysis revealed an increased abundance of Fusobacteria and Proteobacteria, while Actinobacteria was decreased significantly. The altered microbial balance between Proteobacteria and Firmicutes have been previously reported to affect nutrient uptakes such as zinc, which can potentially reduce the activity of DIO2. In summary, this study suggests that long-term OTC exposure not only alters gut microbiome but also changes thyroid hormone and serotonin homeostasis.Higher education has always played an important role in promoting economic and social progress. With the rapid development of economy, China's higher education has entered a new stage and made a series of extraordinary achievements. However, the uneven development of higher education has become a critical factor restricting China's overall progress. In this paper, we propose Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach to evaluate the performance of higher education resource utilization from the perspective of provincial level. In addition, we assess productivity changes of each province with the help of Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI). Further, by considering the enrollment quota as a special kind of resource, we construct a more reasonable allocation scheme, while keeping the total number of newly added enrollment quota unchanged in the next year. Finally, according to the results, some suggestions are put forward to help the Chinese government better solve the unbalanced development of higher education among provinces.Background The public health impacts of tropical cyclones (TCs) are expected to increase due to the continued growth of coastal populations and the increasing severity of these events. However, the impact of TCs on pregnant women, a vulnerable population, remains largely unknown. We aimed to estimate the association between prenatal exposure to TCs and risk of preterm birth in the eastern United States (US) and to assess whether the association varies by individual- and area-level characteristics. Methods We included data on 19,529,748 spontaneous singleton births from 1989 to 2002 across 378 US counties. In each county, we classified days as exposed to a TC when TC-associated peak sustained winds at the county's population-weighted center were >17.2 m/s (gale-force winds or greater). We defined preterm birth as births delivered prior to 37 completed weeks of gestation. We used distributed lag log-linear mixed-effects models to estimate the relative risk (RR) and absolute risk difference (ARD) for TC exposureearly preterm births and mothers living in more socially vulnerable counties but did not vary across strata of other hypothesized risk factors. Conclusions Maternal exposure to TC was associated with a higher risk of preterm birth. Our findings provide initial evidence that severe storms may trigger preterm birth.Background Several qPCR kits are available for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, mostly lacking of evaluation due to covid19 emergency. Objective We evaluated nCoV-QS (MiCo BioMed) kit using CDC kit as gold standard. Results We found limitations for nCoV-QS 1) lower sensitivity 2) lack of RNA quality control probe. Conclusions Validation studies should be implemented for any SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR commercial kit to prevent unreliable diagnosis.