Gyllingdesai3977

This open-label, single-arm, phase 3 study evaluated safety and immunogenicity of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in pneumococcal vaccine-naive Japanese individuals aged 6-64years at increased risk of pneumococcal disease (PD).

Participants received 1 PCV13 dose. Reactogenicity events were recorded for 7days (individuals aged 6- to 17-year-old) or 14days (individuals aged 18 to 64years old) postvaccination. Adverse events (AEs) were collected for 1month postvaccination. Opsonophagocytic activity (OPA) and anticapsular immunoglobulin G (IgG) geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) were measured for vaccine serotypes before and 1month postvaccination. Post hoc analyses compared immunogenicity in participants categorized as at-risk (immunocompetent but having chronic medical conditions associated with increased PD risk) or high-risk (immunocompromised due to diseases/conditions and/or medications).

206 participants aged 6- to 17-year-old (n=53) and 18 to 64years old (n=153) completed the mparable with past PCV13 studies in other Japanese and non-Japanese populations. Registration number NCT03571607; JapicCTI-184024.

PCV13 was well tolerated and immunogenic in Japanese individuals aged 6-64 years considered at increased risk of PD. Results were broadly comparable with past PCV13 studies in other Japanese and non-Japanese populations. Registration number NCT03571607; JapicCTI-184024.

Previous studies have found higher rates of varicella susceptibility among migrants from tropical regions. This study seeks to estimate the prevalence of varicella susceptibility in a cohort of newly arrived refugees and refugee claimants at a primary care clinic in Toronto and to compare patients' self-reported history of varicella infection with serologic test results.

We conducted a retrospective chart review of 1888 refugee patients aged 13years and older rostered at a specialized primary care clinic in Toronto from December 2011 to October 2017. Basic sociodemographic variables, self-reported varicella history, and varicella serologic results were examined.

Based on serologic testing, 8.5% of individuals were varicella non-immune, with highest rates of varicella susceptibility among adolescents aged 13-19years (13.5%). All adults over age 60 were varicella immune on serology (n=56). A positive self-reported history of varicella infection was strongly predictive of varicella immunity on serology (PPV 96.8%; 95% CI 95.2-97.9). A self-reported history of no prior varicella infection did not correlate reliably with serologic test results (NPV 15.8%; 95% CI 13.3-18.0). A substantial proportion of patients (34.1%) were unsure of their varicella history.

Identification and immunization of varicella susceptible refugee newcomers remains a health care priority. Self-reported history of varicella infection had mixed reliability as a predictor of varicella immunity.

Identification and immunization of varicella susceptible refugee newcomers remains a health care priority. Self-reported history of varicella infection had mixed reliability as a predictor of varicella immunity.Systemic diseases, which are in France mainly monitored in internal medicine, affect multiple organs or tissues. While cutaneous or articular manifestations are the most common, neurological involvement is often associated with severity. Diagnosis of peripheral (e.g, neuropathies) or central (e.g, myelitis) nervous disorders is quite easy through clinical examination and dedicated complementary tests. However, neuropsychological manifestations that affect cognition, including memory, attention, executive functions or reasoning, are difficult to diagnose, sometimes trivialized by practitioners. Their causes are often numerous and interrelated. Nevertheless, these cognitive manifestations are closely related to patients' quality of life, affecting their social life, family dynamics and professional integration but also the treatment adherence. The purpose of this review, focused on the example of systemic lupus erythematosus, is to raise awareness of cognitive dysfunction in systemic diseases including their management from diagnosis to treatments. The final aim is to go further into setting up research groups and care programs for patients with cognitive impairment followed in internal medicine.

The heavy care burden, the long-term dependence of the disabled elderly, and the changing social roles can put elderly caregivers at high risk for mental disorders. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and related factors of depression and anxiety among elderly caregivers and examine the role of resilience in depression and anxiety.

A multicentre cross-sectional survey was designed. A total of 953 elderly caregivers in nursing homes were recruited in three provinces in China using convenience sampling. Depression and anxiety were measured by self-rating depression scale (SDS) and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the key factors associated with depression and anxiety.

The median SDS score was 40 (interquartile interval 34-48), and the median SAS score was 48 (interquartile interval 38-56). In this cohort, 19.4% reported depression and 44.0% anxiety. Working hours, sensitive personality and health status were related factors for depression symptom. In terms of anxiety symptoms, its related factors included working hours, health status and higher monthly income. Furthermore, resilience was associated with depression and anxiety among caregivers.

A selection bias may be caused by convenience sampling and voluntary participation.

Depression and anxiety symptoms were common in the cohort of Chinese elderly caregivers in the nursing home. The factors explored in this study may contribute to the development of individualized interventions for depression and anxiety symptoms.

Depression and anxiety symptoms were common in the cohort of Chinese elderly caregivers in the nursing home. The factors explored in this study may contribute to the development of individualized interventions for depression and anxiety symptoms.

The ability to predict an individual's risk of mood episode recurrence can facilitate personalized medicine in bipolar disorder (BD). We sought to externally validate, in an adult sample, a risk calculator of mood episode recurrence developed in youth/young adults with BD from the Course and Outcome of Bipolar Youth (COBY) study.

Adult participants from the National Institute of Mental Health Collaborative Depression Study (CDS; N=258; mean(SD) age=35.5(12.0) years; mean follow-up=24.9 years) were utilized as a sample to validate the youth COBY risk calculator for onset of depressive, manic, or any mood episodes.

In this older validation sample, the risk calculator predicted recurrence of any episode over 1, 2, 3, or 5-year follow-up intervals, with Area Under the Curves (AUCs) approximating 0.77. DAP5 The AUC for prediction of depressive episodes was about 0.81 for each of the time windows, which was higher than for manic or hypomanic episodes (AUC=0.72). While the risk calculator was well-calibrated across the range of risk scores, it systematically underestimated risk in the CDS sample by about 20%. The length of current remission was a highly significant predictor of recurrence risk in the CDS sample.

Predominantly self-reported White samples may limit generalizability; the risk calculator does not assess more proximal risk (e.g., 1 month).

Risk of mood episode recurrence can be predicted with good accuracy in youth and adults with BD in remission. The risk calculators may help identify higher risk BD subgroups for treatment and research.

Risk of mood episode recurrence can be predicted with good accuracy in youth and adults with BD in remission. The risk calculators may help identify higher risk BD subgroups for treatment and research.

Social cognition as a transdiagnostic construct between major depressive disorder (MDD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) is not well understood. This may be attributed to the variability of social cognitive measures indexing the same construct. This study aims to compare emotion recognition and theory of mind domains, known to be impaired in SCZ, between MDD and SCZ.

Three groups of participants (N

=150) were enrolled in this study MDD (n=51), SCZ (n=50) and healthy controls (HC; n=49). Emotion recognition was assessed on the Bell Lysaker Emotion Recognition Task (BLERT) and Penn Emotion Recognition Task (ER40); theory of mind was measured on The Awareness of Social Inference Test (TASIT). Mixed ANCOVAs were utilised to compare social cognitive performance across the groups.

SCZ performed poorer in all 3 social cognition tasks compared to both MDD and HC. No statistically significant difference in social cognitive performance was observed between MDD and HC.

This study serves as an effort towards employing the same standardised social cognitive measures for direct comparison of performance patterns across diagnostic groups. Future work is needed to extend this in larger samples of different illness severity and diagnostic categories.

This study serves as an effort towards employing the same standardised social cognitive measures for direct comparison of performance patterns across diagnostic groups. Future work is needed to extend this in larger samples of different illness severity and diagnostic categories.

Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) exhibit a diminished ability to think or concentrate, indecisiveness, and altered sensitivity to reward and punishment. These impairments can influence complex risk-related decision-making in dynamic environments. The neurophysiological mechanisms mediating MDD effects on decision-making behavior are not well understood.

Patients with MDD (N=50) and healthy controls (HC, N=40) were enrolled. They completed a series of psychometric tests. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded during the performance of a well-validated modified version of Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART).

BART behavior data were similar across the two groups except the MDD patients showed more stability of risk aversion. Neurophysiologically, BART losses generated larger P3 amplitudes than wins, and MDD patients had larger feedback-related negativity (FRN) components than HCs in response to negative feedback (losses). Greater FRN amplitudes in response to losses correlated with higher levels of depressiveness, psychological pain, and anhedonia. A longer FRN latency in MDD patients was associated with more severe suicidal ideation.

The findings are based on cross-sectional data, which are not powerful enough to make causal inferences.

MDD patients exhibit enhanced FRNs in the frontocentral region after receiving negative feedback in a risky decision-making task. FRN magnitude is associated with depressive symptom severity. Punishment hypersensitivity may contribute to the maintenance of depressive symptoms in MDD patients, and FRN may be a useful index of such hypersensitivity.

MDD patients exhibit enhanced FRNs in the frontocentral region after receiving negative feedback in a risky decision-making task. FRN magnitude is associated with depressive symptom severity. Punishment hypersensitivity may contribute to the maintenance of depressive symptoms in MDD patients, and FRN may be a useful index of such hypersensitivity.