Gutierrezlauritzen1896

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common metabolic disorders seen in women of the reproductive age group, with the majority of them having insulin resistance. There is a need to identify sensitive markers of insulin resistance. CC chemokine ligand 18 (CCL 18) secreted from white adipose tissue is upregulated in individuals with insulin resistance.

To study the correlation between serum CCL 18 levels and insulin resistance in PCOS.

This case-control study included 45 PCOS women and an equal number of age and body mass index (BMI) matched controls. Estimation of serum CCL 18, serum testosterone, fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, HbA1c, and ultrasonography of abdomen and pelvis was done and HOMA IR was calculated.

Serum CCL 18 level was higher in women with PCOS when compared to controls. The mean level of serum CCL 18 (ng/mL) in the PCOS group and control group was 28.32 ± 4.17 and 11.90 ± 4.91, respectively (

< 0.001). Blood pressure, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, modified Ferriman Gallway score (FG) score serum total testosterone, fasting serum insulin, and HOMA IR showed a relationship with serum CCL 18 levels. Serum CCL 18 was an independent predictor of PCOS (

< 0.05). A serum CCL 18 cutoff level of 18.84 ng/mL showed 93.3% sensitivity and 91.7% specificity in distinguishing PCOS subjects from healthy individuals.

There is a significant correlation of serum CCL 18 level with insulin resistance in PCOS subjects and serum CCL levels can be considered as a marker of PCOS.

There is a significant correlation of serum CCL 18 level with insulin resistance in PCOS subjects and serum CCL levels can be considered as a marker of PCOS.

Height is one of the most important aspects affecting the areal bone mineral density (BMD). There are several height adjustments in children but none in widespread use for adults. This is specifically a problem in ethnic groups where mean height is substantially lower. We hypothesized that height adjustment of areal BMD would reduce the misclassification in short individuals.

This is a retrospective study involving 373 postmenopausal women. Their records were reviewed and bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) were calculated. Areal BMD T-scores and BMAD T-scores were then compared.

The mean height of the cohort was 154.4 cm. There were 47 women who were defined as short (≤147 cm). In short women, BMAD neither showed improvement nor decrement in T-scores, and BMAD T-scores predicted more number of osteoporosis than BMD T-scores. When divided into height ranges, taller women (>160 cm) showed worsening of BMAD T-scores as compared to BMD T-scores (Chi-square test for trend

< 0.001). Hence, BMAD might actually "correct" for larger bone and not shorter bones.

BMAD was not found to be a suitable alternative in short postmenopausal women to accurately determine whether the low bone density in them is because of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry artifact or whether they truly have a low density.

BMAD was not found to be a suitable alternative in short postmenopausal women to accurately determine whether the low bone density in them is because of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry artifact or whether they truly have a low density.

To study the glycemic status and insulin requirements in patients who underwent cardiac transplantation and to compare it among patients with and without diabetes mellitus. To compare preoperative glycemic status and perioperative insulin requirements with the outcome.

The retrospective data of the glycemic status of patients before and after cardiac transplantation were collected and analyzed. Different variables like HbA1c, creatinine, age, BMI, and glycemic status were compared with the outcome.

A total of 18 patients with a mean age of 46.72 ± 16.94 years (mean ± SD) and a median age of 48.5 years underwent cardiac transplantation. The mean preoperative glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was 8.75 ± 2.15% (72 ± 2.36 mmol/mol) and 5.82 ± 0.45% (40 ± 4.89 mmol/mol) in patients with and without diabetes mellitus, respectively. The mean insulin requirement of insulin on postoperative days 0, 1, 2, and 3 was 1.396, 0.503, 0.490, and 0.537 (IU/kg/day) in patients with diabetes, whereas in patients without diabetes mellitus it was 1.955, 0.561, 1.19, and 0.61 (IU/kg/day), respectively. The mean insulin requirement at the time of discharge was 0.698 ± 0.43 IU/kg/day (mean ± SD) and 1.285 ± 1 IU/kg/day (mean ± SD) (

= 0.36) in patients with and without diabetes mellitus, respectively (

= 0.53, 0.11, 0.41, and 0.32, respectively). There was no association with the outcome when analyzed with different variables like HbA1c, creatinine, BMI, age, hemoglobin, insulin requirements, and glycemic status.

Perioperative glycemic control is crucial for successful cardiac transplantation irrespective of diabetic status.

Perioperative glycemic control is crucial for successful cardiac transplantation irrespective of diabetic status.

Thyroid hormones play an important role in reproductive and sexual function in both sexes. Comprehensive information on the ill-effects of hypothyroidism on Leydig cell, Sertoli cell and germ cell function is lacking in the existing literature.

To investigate the effect of primary hypothyroidism and its treatment on testicular function - Sertoli cell, Leydig cells, seminal fluid and spermatozoa.

This study was carried out as a descriptive study with a before-after study design in the endocrine department of a tertiary care hospital in South India. Forty treatment naïve, overtly primary hypothyroid, consenting male patients were included. Hormones assessed were free T3, free T4, thyroid stimulating hormone, follicle stimulating hormone [FSH], luteinizing hormone [LH], prolactin, testosterone, inhibin B[INHB], and insulin like factor 3[INSL3]. Semen analysis was done according to WHO 2010 guidelines in 37 subjects. Sexual function questionnaires like Androgen Deficiency in Aging Male [ADAM], and Arizona Sn parameters, motility was predominantly affected.

Juvenile hypothyroidism (JH) can have deleterious effects on growth, pubertal development, and scholastic performance of children. In India, there is a paucity of data on acquired hypothyroidism in children, in contrast to congenital hypothyroidism. Our objective was to assess the profile of JH in a referral clinic from eastern India.

For this study, 100 patients with documented acquired hypothyroidism (subclinical and overt) (aged <18 years), from eastern India, were evaluated retrospectively. Metabolism inhibitor Evaluation included history as well as clinical, biochemical, and ultrasonography parameters.

Out of the 100 participants, 74% had overt hypothyroidism (OH), while 26% had subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH). The majority of the participants were females (66%). The mean age at detection was 8.95 ± 3.96 years in the SCH group and 8.38 ± 3.29 years in the OH group. A family history of thyroid disorder and/or goiter was present in 35% of the patients. Goiter was the most common presentation in both SCH and OH, with overall prevalence of 58%.