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In order to achieve an effective balance between plasticity and strength, a group of Ti-26Nb-xZr-yMn (x = 4, 7, 10 wt% and y = 3, 5 wt%) alloys were designed to evaluate the effects of Mn and Zr on the microstructures, mechanical properties and strengthening effects of the TiNb system. All the investigated alloys illustrate a monolithic β phase in their microstructure and they all possess substantial true plasticity (~160%) and true maximum strength (~ 950 MPa) without fracture during the compression tests within the load capacity of 100 kN. The contribution of solid-solution, grain-boundary and dislocation strengthening mechanisms have been evaluated using the strengthening model for β Ti alloys for all the investigated alloys. Among the investigated alloys, Ti-26Nb-4Zr-5Mn demonstrates the highest true yield strength (654 MPa), dislocation density (2.45 × 1015 m-2) and hardness (242 HV) along with improved strain hardening ability in terms of strain hardening indices (0.42 and 0.09). mTOR inhibitor Furthermore, based on the superior mechanical properties among the investigated alloys, the electrochemical performance of Ti-26Nb-4Zr-3Mn and Ti-26Nb-4Zr-5Mn have also been analyzed in this work. The electrochemical measurements show that both alloys have almost similar corrosion potential and corrosion current density in simulated body fluid, i.e., -0.45 V and 0.838 nA/cm2 for Ti-26Nb-4Zr-3Mn, -0.48 V and 0.839 nA/cm2 for Ti-26Nb-4Zr-5Mn, respectively. The present work reports a nanotechnology strategy to prepare a low-viscosity poly(acrylic acid) (PAAc)-based tear substitute with enhanced efficacy and compliance. Specifically, nanogels composed of PAAc and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were prepared by adapting an ionizing radiation method. For this purpose, different aqueous systems PVP/PAAc nanoparticulate complexes, PVP/acrylic acid (AAc), N-vinylpyrrolidone (N-VP)/PAAc, and N-VP/AAc were exposed to gamma rays. The dynamic light scattering technique showed that stable nanogels are only produced in a relatively high yield from the PVP/AAc system. Nanogel formation was driven by the hydrogen-bonding complexation between PVP and PAAc (formed in situ) as well as the radiation-induced cross-linking. Transparency, viscosity and mucoadhesiveness of emerged nanogels were optimized by controlling the feed composition and irradiation dose. Furthermore, neutralized nanogels were topically applied in a dry eye model and compared with a PAAc-based commercial tear substitute, namely Vidisic® Gel. The results of Schirmer's test and tear break-up time demonstrated that nanogels prepared from AAc-rich feed solutions at 20 kGy enhanced markedly the dry eye conditions. The histopathological analysis also ensured the competence of PAAc-rich nanogels to completely return the corneal epithelium to its normal state. V.In this study, four different TZNT based alloys, (Ti55Zr25Nb10Ta10, (Ti55Zr25Nb10Ta10)99.5Fe0.5, (Ti55Zr25Nb10Ta10)98Sn2, and (Ti55Zr25Nb10Ta10)98.5Ag1.5, (at. %), designated TZNT, TZNT-Fe, TZNT-Sn, TZNT-Ag, respectively) are produced by non-consumable vacuum arc melting and suction casting. These alloys using the d-electron alloy design method and considering the criteria of [Mo]eq and (e/a) ratio for β-phase Ti alloys are designed. The microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior of the alloys are investigated via optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, nanoindentation, and electrochemical tests. The designed alloys exhibit dendritic morphology, however, the TZNT-Ag alloy indicates a more homogenous microstructure after suction casting. X-ray diffraction analyses reveal not only the beta phase in the TZNT, TZNT-Fe, and TZNT-Ag alloys, but also beta lean/beta rich separation in the TZNT-Sn alloy. In addition to the microstructural features, the new TZNT alloys show very high ductility upon cold compressive deformation, as well as the lowest Young's modulus (65.54±1.7 GPa, P less then 0.05) is achieved in TZNT-Ag alloy. Furthermore, the compressive yield stress to Young's modulus (Ycys/E) ratio of the designed alloys is in the range of 0.92-1.08%. In terms of corrosion behavior, Ag increases the corrosion resistance of the TZNT alloy in Ringer's solution. As a result, owing to the effect of Ag on the optimization of the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the TZNT alloy, the as-cast Ag-containing TZNT alloy can be developed to be a promising candidate for biomedical applications. An attempt has been made to design one step synthesis of dopamine coated copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO@DOP NPs) by using microwave radiation method. The luminescent properties of CuO@DOP NPs have been explored for making colorimetric and visual biosensor for L-cys. Natural occurring dopamine has used as a precursor for the coating of CuO NPs that provides stability and generates functionality for the sensing of L-Cysteine (L-Cys). Being one of the important amino acid, L-cys has shown a fundamental role in living species due to the existence of sulfhydryl bonding which further affect the process of protein synthesis in living system. Therefore sensing of L-cys by using CuO@DOP NPs deserves higher consideration. Further, morphological and size parameters have been analyzed by using FESEM and HRTEM techniques. Surface interaction and coating of dopamine over CuO NPs has been examined through FTIR and TGA analysis. The non-toxicity and bio-compatibility of CuO@DOP NPs has been evaluated against L929 cell linesvia an economically viable microwave assisted method. The article has not been published in any language anywhere and that it is not under simultaneous consideration by another journal. The current work is novel. It is known that introducing a porous ceramic coating on titanium (Ti) implant surface fabricated by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) could enhance the differentiation of osteoblasts. However, the osteogenic capacity of MAO-fabricated coating still remains unknown when immune cells especially macrophages are involved. The influence of the inflammatory microenvironment and the co-influence of the inflammatory microenvironment and surface characteristics of MAO-fabricated coating on osteoblast response need to be explored. In this study, a new in vitro cell culture strategy is proposed by mimicking the biological events happened after implantation based on the recruitment of osteoblasts to biomaterial surfaces to investigate biological performances of MAO-modified Ti surface. It is found that macrophages grown on MAO-modified Ti surface were switched to M1-like phenotype, evidenced by the promoted expressions of inflammatory genes (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1β) and production of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α.