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quivalent to that of CE-CT and liver MRI. Moreover, [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT is better at identifying liver lesions than [18F]-FDG PET/CT, and its use may improve tumor staging, recurrence detection, and implementation of necessary treatment modifications.Autism is strongly associated with sensory processing difficulties. We investigate sensory habituation, given its relevance for understanding important phenotypic traits like hyper- and hypo-sensitivities. We collected electroencephalography data from 22 neuro-typical(NT) and 13 autistic(ASD) children during the presentation of visual and auditory sequences of repeated stimuli. Our data show that the ASD children have significantly reduced habituation relative to the NT children for both auditory and visual stimuli. These results point to impaired habituation as a modality-general phenomenon in ASD. Additionally, the rates of habituation are correlated with several clinical scores associated with competence along diverse phenotypic dimensions. These data suggest that the sensory difficulties in autism are likely to be associated with reduced habituation and are related to clinical symptomology.

Costs associated with biologic switching and discontinuation can be high in psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and their inappropriate use may have cost implications for patients, healthcare professionals, and payers.

To compare direct costs of treatment switchers, non-switchers, and discontinuers among patients with PsA who newly initiated a biologic.

Patients with PsA aged ≥ 18 years with ≥ 1 pharmacy claim for an FDA-approved subcutaneous biologic from 1 January2016 to 31 December 2016 were identified from the Truven Health MarketScan Databases. Patients were categorized into three mutually exclusive groups of non-switchers, switchers, and discontinuers, and healthcare costs and utilization during 1-year follow-up were described across the three groups separately.

A total of 2560 patients with PsA newly initiating a biologic were categorized as non-switchers (54.8%), switchers (18.5%), and discontinuers (26.7%). During 1-year follow-up, after adjusting for age, sex, full-time work status, and co-morbiditiet that discontinuing or switching biologic therapies is associated with higher costs in patients with PsA, which may inform treatment and/or formulary decision-making.

An important strategy to address the opioid overdose epidemic involves identifying people at elevated risk of overdose, particularly those with opioid use disorder (OUD). find more However, it is unclear to what degree OUD diagnoses in administrative data are inaccurate.

To estimate the prevalence of inaccurate diagnoses of OUD among patients with incident OUD diagnoses.

A random sample of 90 patients with incident OUD diagnoses associated with an index in-person encounter between October 1, 2016, and June 1, 2018, in three Veterans Health Administration medical centers.

Direct chart review of all encounter notes, referrals, prescriptions, and laboratory values within a 120-day window before and after the index encounter. Using all available chart data, we determined whether the diagnosis of OUD was likely accurate, likely inaccurate, or of indeterminate accuracy. We then performed a bivariate analysis to assess demographic or clinical characteristics associated with likely inaccurate diagnoses.

We identified of likely inaccurate OUD diagnoses among veterans with incident OUD diagnoses. The majority of these cases reflected readily addressable systems errors. The smaller proportion due to clinical errors and those with insufficient documentation may be addressed by increased training for clinicians. If these inaccuracies are prevalent throughout the VHA, they could complicate health services research and health systems responses.Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are characterized with aberrant immune responses and their respective signaling pathways controlling cell differentiation, death, and survival. Cell metabolism is also an indispensable biochemical process that provides the very fundamental energy and materials. Accumulating evidences implicate that metabolism pathways have critical roles in determining the function of different immune subsets. Mechanisms of how immunometabolism participate in the pathogenesis of AIDs were also under intensive exploration. Here, in this review, we summarize the metabolic features of immune cells in AIDs and also the individual function of immunometabolism pathways, including glucose metabolism and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, in the setting of AIDs, mainly focusing on the potential targets for intervention. We also review studies that explore the intervention strategies targeting key molecules of metabolic pathways, such as mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and hypoxia-inducible factor 1a (HIF1a), in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The highlight of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of the status quo of immunometabolism studies in AIDs and the potential translatable drug targets.

To evaluate the diagnostic value of serum Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels for discriminating PD with depression from without depression, and to investigate whether serum BDNF levels were associated with motor severity and gender in depressed PD patients.

Demographic and clinical data were collected from 122 PD patients with depression, 137 without depression and 110 healthy controls. All participants' serum BDNF concentrations were measured. Their motor abilities and activity were assessed by the Unified PD Rating Scale Part III (UPDRS III) score and the Hoehn and Yahr (H-Y) stage. Depression was scored using the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17). Associations were analyzed with multivariate regression.

The serum BDNF levels were lower in depressed PD patients compared to non-depressed PD patients and controls (p < 0.001). The BDNF levels were negatively correlated with UPDRS III score (r = -0.54, p < 0.001) and H-Y stage (r = -0.45, p < 0.001). Decreased BDNF levels were associated with women only among depressed PD patients (r = 0.