Gertsenskov0327

Chronic illnesses cause significant mortality in adults. Caregivers (spouses, adult children, friends) support adults with chronic illness in multiple ways, for instance through support of their autonomous decisions about how and why to engage in self-care.

To examine interventions designed to improve the health and well-being of adults with chronic illness by enhancing the autonomy supportive behaviours of caregivers.

Systematic review of randomized controlled trials with narrative synthesis.

All available dates of publication through August 2020 conducted in PubMed, Medline, Ageline, PsychInfo, and CINAHL.

Randomized controlled interventions of adults with chronic illness and their caregivers with content to enhance caregiver autonomy support were included. Interventions involving healthcare personnel, adults without self-care capacity, or not published in English were excluded. Quality was appraised using Joanna Briggs Institute recommendations. Common themes in autonomy support and associated outcon to be autonomy supportive has potential to improve chronic illness outcomes. Findings can inform how clinicians and investigators enlist caregiver autonomy support to encourage behaviour change.

This is the first systematic review examining interventions promoting caregiver to care-receiver autonomy support. Modifying interpersonal communication to be autonomy supportive has potential to improve chronic illness outcomes. Sumatriptan Findings can inform how clinicians and investigators enlist caregiver autonomy support to encourage behaviour change.

To systematically summarize and quantify the effects of foot reflexology on improvements in sleep disturbances.

Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Datasets including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, CINAHL and two Chinese electronic databases (i.e., AiritiLibrary and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) were used to search from their inception to 31 January 2019.

Studies which were randomized controlled trials that reported changes in sleep disturbances after the intervention among adults over 18years old and written in the English or Chinese language were included. Two reviewers' independently assessed the eligibility, extracted data, and conducted a quality assessment. Based on the extracted data, two separate meta-analyses were performed.

Forty-two articles with a total sample of 3,928 participants were included in the systematic review and were eligible for the meta-analysis. The most commonly employed outcome measurement tool was the Pittsburgh Sleurbances when performing foot reflexology.

Foot reflexology is a non-invasive and convenient intervention and regularly receiving foot reflexology can be considered complementary therapy to improve the sleep quality of adults with sleep disturbances. Furthermore, healthcare providers can actively press the solar plexus and heart zones to alleviate sleep disturbances when performing foot reflexology.

Gastrointestinal manifestations of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may mimic irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and social distancing measures may affect IBS patients negatively. We aimed to study the impact of COVID-19 on respondents with self-reported IBS.

We conducted an anonymized survey from May to June 2020 in 33 countries. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices on personal hygiene and social distancing as well as psychological impact of COVID-19 were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed to determine differences in well-being and compliance to social distancing measures between respondents with and without self-reported IBS. Factors associated with improvement or worsening of IBS symptoms were evaluated.

Out of 2704 respondents, 2024 (74.9%) did not have IBS, 305 (11.3%) had self-reported IBS, and 374 (13.8%) did not know what IBS was. Self-reported IBS respondents reported significantly worse emotional, social, and psychological well-being compared with non-IBS respondents and nce IBS.Generalized pairwise comparisons (GPCs) are a statistical method used in randomized clinical trials to simultaneously analyze several prioritized outcomes. This procedure estimates the net benefit (Δ). Δ may be interpreted as the probability for a random patient in the treatment group to have a better overall outcome than a random patient in the control group, minus the probability of the opposite situation. However, the presence of right censoring introduces uninformative pairs that will typically bias the estimate of Δ toward 0. We propose a correction to GPCs that estimates the contribution of each uninformative pair based on the average contribution of the informative pairs. The correction can be applied to the analysis of several prioritized outcomes. We perform a simulation study to evaluate the bias associated with this correction. When only one time-to-event outcome was generated, the corrected estimates were unbiased except in the presence of very heavy censoring. The correction had no effect on the power or type-1 error of the tests based on the Δ. Finally, we illustrate the impact of the correction using data from two randomized trials. The illustrative datasets showed that the correction had limited impact when the proportion of censored observations was around 20% and was most useful when this proportion was close to 70%. Overall, we propose an estimator for the net benefit that is minimally affected by censoring under the assumption that uninformative pairs are exchangeable with informative pairs.

To investigate the longitudinal growth trajectories of disease-specific quality of life (QoL) dimensions and their associations over 1year.

A longitudinal design. Data were collected between February 2015-May 2017.

Four hundred and fifteen stroke survivors (mean age 70.6years; 81% ischaemic stroke) were recruited after discharge from rehabilitation hospitals and were followed up every 3months for 1year. Changes in Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) dimension scores were evaluated using hierarchical linear models (HLMs) and linear, logarithmic, quadratic, and cubic time slope.

We observed a significant linear and quadratic increase in most SIS dimensions from the baseline to 12-month follow-up, especially in physical dimensions. The communication dimension was stable over time, while the memory dimension increased only linearly. Higher physical dimension scores were significantly associated with lower age, hypercholesterolaemia, and better physical functioning at baseline, while higher communication was associated with lower age, better physical functioning, and a diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease.