Franckhardison1436
In contrast, the insulin secretory function was not impaired in islets isolated from mice subjected to long-term β-cell FoxM1 deficiency. Therefore, β-cell mass reduction is the primary cause of impaired insulin secretion and deterioration of glucose tolerance due to long-term β-cell FoxM1 deficiency.
Basal low-level proliferation of β-cells during adulthood is important for maintaining sufficient β-cell mass and good glucose tolerance and β-cell FoxM1 underlies this mechanism. Preserving β-cell FoxM1 activity may prevent the impairment of glucose tolerance with advancing age.
Basal low-level proliferation of β-cells during adulthood is important for maintaining sufficient β-cell mass and good glucose tolerance and β-cell FoxM1 underlies this mechanism. Preserving β-cell FoxM1 activity may prevent the impairment of glucose tolerance with advancing age.
This study was performed to identify the potential for repurposing auranofin as an antibiotic adjuvant against carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii.
The clinically isolated A. baumannii strains used in this study were all resistant to carbapenems and harboured the bla
gene. The synergistic effect of auranofin and doripenem against carbapenemase-producing A. baumannii was confirmed through checkerboard and growth kinetic analyses. This study also demonstrated the inhibitory effects of auranofin against A. baumannii biofilms. The anti-biofilm effects of auranofin were visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Furthermore, auranofin inhibited motility, one of the virulence factors. Additionally, the changes in the expression of carbapenemase-, biofilm- and efflux pump-related genes induced by auranofin were confirmed via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).
Our results demonstrated that auranofin has an antibacterial effect with doripenem and an inhibitory effect on several factors related to carbapenem resistance.
This study suggests that auranofin is a promising antibiotic adjuvant that can be used to prevent antibiotic resistance in carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii.
This study suggests that auranofin is a promising antibiotic adjuvant that can be used to prevent antibiotic resistance in carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii.
Lactobacillus species are the dominant microorganisms in the vaginal microbiota of healthy women and play an important role in the defence against pathogens. This study aimed to evaluate probiotic potential of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain P1 isolated from healthy woman's vaginal discharge for its further utilization as a promising candidate strain in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis caused by Gardnerella vaginalis.
Ten lactobacilli strains from a woman's vaginal discharge were evaluated for their probiotic potential, including growth capacity at different pH levels (pH3.5-4.5), acid production, hydrogen peroxide production capacity, antibacterial activity and susceptibility to antibiotics. Moreover, in vitro safety assay haemolytic activity and mutagenicity were investigated for safety assessment. In vivo Caenorhabditis elegans infection model was used to investigate the anti-infection effect of selected isolates. We found that lactobacilli strain P1 showed strong growth ability in low acid enand be useful to prevent or treat bacterial vaginitis.
Conventional antibiotic therapy for bacterial vaginosis has led to the accelerated process of bacterial drug resistance. Probiotics are potentially an alternative method for bacterial vaginosis therapy. This finding provides bacterial resources for keeping pathogens away from the vagina. We believe L. plantarum P1 may be used as vaginal probiotics and be useful to prevent or treat bacterial vaginitis.The study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of Lugol's solution 5% and Gentian violet 1% against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) biofilm in vivo. The bactericidal efficacy for treatment of MRSA-biofilm skin wound infection was tested in a murine model. Luciferase-tagged S. aureus Xen31, a MRSA-strain derived from S. aureus ATCC-3359130, was used for infection. Wounds were made in the skin of mice and infected with MRSA. The mice were treated with Lugol's solution and Gentian violet. Application of the antimicrobial agents started 24 hours post infection and was repeated daily for five-days. The antimicrobial effect on the biofilm bacteria was evaluated by measuring bioluminescence from MRSA daily for seven-days. Lugol's solution and Gentian violet showed a significant reduction in luminescent signals from the first assessment day to all subsequent days (P less then .001). Lugol's solution and Gentian violet effectively eradicated MRSA in biofilm in vivo and could be alternatives or in addition to topical antibiotics when MRSA-biofilm wound infection is suspected.
This study evaluated changes in epiphytic microbial population of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) during the growing season. First cut forage was harvested to study the effects of an inoculant combining two obligate heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria strains on the bacterial and fungal communities and the fermentation of alfalfa silage.
The epiphytic microbiome of alfalfa was evaluated 10-times during the growing season. Alfalfa wilted to 395.0g/kg was treated with water (Control) or with a combination of L. buchneri NCIMB 40788 and L. hilgardii CNCM-I-4785 (LBLH). Mini-silos were opened after 1, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64 days of ensiling. The relative abundance (RA) of the epiphytic bacterial and fungal families varied during the growing season. After 1day, Weissella was the most abundant genus and present at similar RA in the two treatments (average 80.4%). Compared with Control, LBLH had a higher RA of Lactobacillus at day 1, 16, 32, and 64, and a lower RA of Weissella from day 8 to 64. Control contained mor Weissella in the early stages of ensiling, improving antifungal compounds production and reducing the numbers of culturable yeasts.
Numerous pre-clinical and clinical studies have recently demonstrated the significant role of phage therapy in treating multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. However, only a few researchers have focused on monitoring the phage-mediated adverse reactions during phage therapy. The present study aimed to demonstrated the oral acute and sub-acute toxicity of bacteriophages (Klebsiella pneumoniae XDR strain) in Charles Foster rats with special reference to immunological response and adverse effects.
Bacteriophages were orally administered in dosages of 10
PFU/ml and a 10
PFU/ml to Charles Foster rats as a single dose (in acute toxicity study) and daily dosage for 28 days (in sub-acute toxicity study). One millilitre suspension of bacteriophages was administered through the oral gavage feeding tube. No adverse effect was observed in any of the experimental as well as in the control animals. Furthermore, an insignificant change in food and water intake and body weight was observed throughout the study period compared with the control group rats. On the 28th day of phage administration, blood was collected to estimate haematological, biochemical and cytokines parameters. The data suggested no difference in the haematological, biochemical and cytokine profiles compared to the control group. No significant change in any of the treatment groups could be observed on the gross and histopathological examinations. The cytokines estimated, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-4, IL-6 and IFN-gamma, were found within the normal range during the experiment.
The results concluded that no adverse effect, including the severe detrimental impact on oral administration of high (10
PFU/ml) and very high dose (10
PFU/ml) of the bacteriophages cocktail.
The high and long-term oral administration of bacteriophages did not induce noticeable immunological response as well.
The high and long-term oral administration of bacteriophages did not induce noticeable immunological response as well.
Stem cell-derived photoreceptor replacement therapy is a promising strategy for the treatment of retinal degenerative disease. The development of 3D retinal organoids has permitted the production of photoreceptors. However, there is no strategy to enrich a specific photoreceptor subtype due to inadequate knowledge of the molecular mechanism underlying the photoreceptor fate determination. Hence, our aim is to explore the uncharacterized function of somatostatin signalling in human pluripotent stem cell-derived photoreceptor differentiation.
3D retinal organoids were achieved from human embryonic stem cell. The published single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets of human retinal development were utilized to further investigate the transcriptional regulation of photoreceptor differentiation. The assays of immunofluorescence staining, lentivirus transfection, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were performed.
We identified that the somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2)-mediated signategy.
Hypoglycaemia is a significant burden to people living with diabetes and an impediment to achieving optimal glycaemic outcomes. The use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has improved the capacity to assess duration and level of hypoglycaemia. The personal impact of sensor-detected hypoglycaemia (SDH) is unclear. Hypo-METRICS is an observational study designed to define the threshold and duration of sensor glucose that provides the optimal sensitivity and specificity for events that people living with diabetes experience as hypoglycaemia.
We will recruit 600 participants 350 with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes, 200 with type 1 diabetes and awareness of hypoglycaemia and 50 with type 1 diabetes and impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia who have recent experience of hypoglycaemia. selleck chemicals llc Participants will wear a blinded CGM device and an actigraphy monitor to differentiate awake and sleep times for 10 weeks. Participants will be asked to complete three short surveys each day using a bespoke mobile phone app, a technique known as ecological momentary assessment. Participants will also record all episodes of self-detected hypoglycaemia on the mobile app. We will use particle Markov chain Monte Carlo optimization to identify the optimal threshold and duration of SDH that have optimum sensitivity and specificity for detecting patient-reported hypoglycaemia. Key secondary objectives include measuring the impact of symptomatic and asymptomatic SDH on daily functioning and health economic outcomes.
The protocol was approved by local ethical boards in all participating centres. Study results will be shared with participants, in peer-reviewed journal publications and conference presentations.
The protocol was approved by local ethical boards in all participating centres. Study results will be shared with participants, in peer-reviewed journal publications and conference presentations.
Breast cancer response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is typically evaluated through the assessment of tumor size reduction after a few cycles of NAC. In case of treatment ineffectiveness, this results in the patient suffering potentially severe secondary effects without achieving any actual benefit.
To identify patients achieving pathologic complete response (pCR) after NAC by spatio-temporal radiomic analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI images acquired before treatment.
Single-center, retrospective.
A total of 251 DCE-MRI pretreatment images of breast cancer patients.
1.5 T/3T, T1-weighted DCE-MRI.
Tumor and peritumoral regions were segmented, and 348 radiomic features that quantify texture temporal variation, enhancement kinetics heterogeneity, and morphology were extracted. Based on subsets of features identified through forward selection, machine learning (ML) logistic regression models were trained separately with all images and stratifying on cancer molecular subtype and validated with leave-one-out cross-validation.
