Francislogan7711

Objective To investigate the protective role of ulinastatin (UTI) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats via endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-induced apoptosis pathway. Materials and methods A total of 60 rats were randomly divided into normal group (n=20), myocardial I/R model group (model group, n=20), and myocardial I/R model+UTI treatment group (treatment group, n=20). The myocardial function indicators [creatinine (Scr) and creatine kinase (CK)] were detected. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to measure serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Meanwhile, the contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in rat left ventricular tissues were determined by ELISA as well. The cardiac function indexes were determined via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and echocardiography (ECG). Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triph model group than that in the other two groups (p less then 0.05). Expression levels of cysteine aspartic acid-specific protease 12 (Caspase-12) and glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) were evidently higher in model group than those in normal group (p less then 0.05), while the expression level of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) was clearly lower in model group than that in normal group (p less then 0.05). UTI treatment partially reversed the above expression changes (p less then 0.05). Conclusions UTI has a protective effect against myocardial I/R injury in rats by repressing the occurrence of ERS-induced apoptosis.Objective Many parallel-group studies of migraine prophylaxis using valproate medications were reported in recent decades. This meta-analysis assessed the efficacy and safety of valproate medications for migraine prophylaxis in adults. Materials and methods Searches were conducted in five databases PubMed, Wiley, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. The data were acquired through December 31, 2018. Two independent authors searched for controlled clinical trials involving the use of valproate medications in migraine prophylaxis. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were assessed, and their methodological quality was examined. Results Seven placebo-controlled studies (782 participants) and seven controlled trials against active comparators (554 participants) were included in the final analysis. The active treatment of valproate medications was significantly superior to placebo (OR, 4.02; 95% CI 2.17-7.44; I2 = 66%). Compared with the other active comparators, there were no significant differences between treatments in the proportion of responders. Conclusions Valproate medications were more effective than placebo in migraine prevention, with statistically significant differences. Both valproate and the other active comparators were well-tolerated, and no significant difference was noted in efficacy and safety for the prophylaxis of migraine.Objective Epidural fibrosis represents a fatal stage of failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) of known and idiopathic etiology, but no valid therapy is presently available. Previous evidence demonstrated that suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a histone deacetylases inhibitor, has antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory potential. Current studies have proved that SAHA inhibits myofibroblast differentiation and increases fibroblast apoptosis to attenuate epidural fibrosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of SAHA on repressing epidural fibrosis. Patients and methods First, the levels of acetylation of histone and α-tubulin in adult human fibroblasts (AHF) and human epidural fibroblasts (HEF) were analyzed following SAHA and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) treatment. Then, mRNA and protein obtained from human fibroblasts following TGF-β activation and SAHA treatment in vitro culture were used to test the influence of SAHA on the activation and apoptosis of fibroblasts, so as to further explore the related mechanism of SAHA. Then, a laminectomy model was established in rats to observe the therapeutic effect of SAHA on epidural scar tissue. Results The present research proved that the increases of HDAC 3 and α-tubulin were observed in AHF and HEF after TGF-β administration, but SAHA decreased HDAC 3 and α-tubulin expressions. In addition, cell study demonstrated that SAHA inhibited fibroblast activation via decreasing TGF-β function and accelerated apoptosis by promoting cleaved-caspase-3. In the epidural fibrosis model, it was found that SAHA weakened scar hyperplasia and collagen deposition, and effectively inhibited the process of epidural fibrosis. Conclusions These results indicated that SAHA inhibited HDAC 3 expression, decreased TGF-β effect, and enhanced caspase-3 in fibroblasts, leading reduction of myofibroblast activation and apoptosis elevation. Hence, SAHA ameliorated epidural fibrosis development.Objective Anaerobic bacteria can enter the solid tumor in the hypoxic region to colonize and proliferate. Aggregation of nanoparticles in the tumor area can enhance molecular imaging and therapy. ABL001 It is hypothesized that the combination of the two could possibly achieve better imaging and tumor treatment. This study presents a biocompatible bacteria-based system that can deliver cationic phase-change nanoparticles (CPNs) into solid tumor to achieve enhanced imaging and treatment integration. Materials and methods Cationic phase-change nanoparticles (CPNs) and Bifidobacterium longum (BF) were mixed to determine the best binding rate and were placed in an agar phantom for ultrasonography. BF-CPNs complex adhesion to breast cancer cells was observed by laser confocal microscopy. In vivo, BF-CPNs and control groups were injected into tumors in breast cancer nude mouse models. Nanoparticles distribution was observed by ultrasound and in vivo fluorescence imaging. HIFU ablation was performed after injection. Gross and histological changes were compared and synergy was evaluated. Results Bifidobacterium longum (BF) and CPNs were combined by electrostatic adsorption. The BF-CPNs particles could increase the deposition of energy after liquid-gas phase-change during High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) irradiation of tumor. Conclusions This study shows a valid method in diagnosis and therapy integration for providing stronger imaging, longer retention time, and more effective tumor treatment.