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Our analysis shows that in addition to mTOR, eIF3, eIF4, and eIF5 play an important role, as they can serve as biomarkers for non- and virus-related HCC.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is aglobal health burden that accounts for about 90% of all cases of diabetes. Injury to the kidneys is aserious complication of type 2 diabetes. Maackiain, apterocarpan extracted from roots of

has been traditionally used for various disease conditions. However, nothing is known about its possible potential effect on HFD/STZ-T2D-induced nephrotoxicity.

In this study, T2D rat model is created by high-fat diet (HFD) for 2 weeks with injection of asingle dose of streptozotocin (35mg/kg body weight). Adaptaquin solubility dmso T2D rats were orally administered with maackiain (10 and 20mg/kg body weight) for 7 weeks.

Maackiain suppressed T2D-induced alterations in metabolic parameters, lipid profile and kidney functionality markers. By administering 10 and 20mg/kg maackiain to T2D rats, it was able to reduce lipid peroxidation while improving antioxidant levels (SOD, CAT, and GSH). Furthermore, the present study demonstrated the molecular mechanisms through which maackiain attenuated T2D-induced oxidative stress (mRNA

and

 ; protein NRF2, NQO-1, HO-1 and NOX-4), inflammation (mRNA

and

 ; Protein TLR4, MYD88, NF-κB, IκBα, MCP-1; levels TNF-α and MCP-1) and apoptosis (mRNA

and

 ; protein Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9) mediated renal injury. Additionally, significant improvement in kidney architecture was observed after treatment of diabetic rats with 10 or 20mg/kg maackiain.

Maackiain protects the kidney by decreasing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis to preserve normal renal function in type 2 diabetes.

Maackiain protects the kidney by decreasing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis to preserve normal renal function in type 2 diabetes.

Thyroid cancer is a familiar kind of cancer. Natural products are promising therapeutic approaches in treating thyroid cancer. Triptolide is a diterpenoid epoxide extracted from

. The mechanism of triptolide in the treatment of thyroid cancer has not been investigated clearly.

We evaluated triptolide targets and thyroid cancer targets with related databases. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of the triptolide targets and thyroid cancer targets were constructed with Cytoscape software. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses of the core PPI network were obtained. Molecular docking analysis was used to evaluated the binding of triptolide with core targets. Furthermore, apoptosis assays, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to evaluate the anticancer functions of triptolide.

Triptolide had 34 targets, and thyroid cancer had 210 targets. The core PPI network of merged PPI networks had 164 nodes and 4513 edges. GO anism of triptolide.

We considered that triptolide could treat thyroid cancer by inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis and inhibiting inflammatory pathways such as the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. CDKN1A, c-JUN, RELA, and TP53 were involved in the antithyroid cancer mechanism of triptolide.[This corrects the article DOI 10.2147/DDDT.S330223.].The treatment of adults with ALL has undergone tremendous progress over the past 15 years. The advances have been particularly marked with B-lineage ALL. The development of bispecific antibodies directed against CD19 ushered in a new era in overcoming persistent minimal disease in newly diagnosed ALL patients as well as successfully treating those with relapsed disease. The immune-conjugates targeting CD22 have also had a similarly impressive role in improving the outcome in such patients. These advances are now being extended to frontline regimens for B-lineage ALL, including the Philadelphia-chromosome-positive subtype. Over the past decade, the development of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR-T) has ushered in a new era, opening up hope when none was available for patients with particularly advanced disease. Such advances come at a considerable price for toxicity, which, however, are lessening with experience and the development of new agents to ameliorate some of the toxicities. Unfortunately, the progress for T-cell in ALL has lagged behind that of B-lineage ALL. Of late, however, there are preliminary results of potentially exciting data using monoclonal antibodies against CD38, in the form of daratumumab, and it is hoped that these will lead to an equally successful advance in the treatment of T-ALL. Despite all these advances, ALL in adults remains a formidable disease. While ongoing progress is being made, also in the therapy of older patients, we are still lagging behind the almost totally curative potential of current therapy for childhood ALL.

To evaluate long-term survival outcomes and determine the prognostic factors of corneal transplantation performed at a tertiary referral hospital in Thailand.

A 15-year retrospective cohort study.

One corneal graft per patient was selected; graft failure was defined as graft opacity due to recurrent disease or endothelial cell dysfunction. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed. Median time to failure was compared using the Log rank test. Prognostic factors were identified using the Cox proportional hazards model.

We enrolled 704 transplanted grafts. Surgical indications were optical (88.5%), therapeutic (10.2%), and tectonic (1.3%). The most common diagnoses were corneal opacity (25.3%), bullous keratopathy (15.8%), and regraft (14.8%). The overall survival rates at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years were 87.5%, 72.0%, 59.2%, and 41.7%, respectively. Univariate analysis identified age, primary diagnosis, graft size, pre-existing glaucoma, prior lens status, prior intraocular surgery, indication for surgery,n negatively influenced graft survival.

To evaluate the results of central pars plana vitrectomy + phacoemulsification + intraocular lens implantation in patients with small eyes, cataract, and narrow chambers.

This prospective study was carried out in 89 eyes of 58 patients undergoing central pars plana vitrectomy + phacoemulsification + IOL implantation in small eyes with cataract at Clínica La Luz Eye Institute in Lima, Peru.

The mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.8±0.6 preoperatively, 0.5±0.6 at 1 month, 0.3±0.3 at 6 months, 0.1±0.1 at 9 months, and 0.05±0.1 at 1 year, which was statistically significant from the preoperative period to 1 year of follow-up. Mean intraocular pressure was 22.09±2.4 mmHg preoperatively, 14.55±2.9 mmHg at 1 day, 12.94±2.04 mmHg at 1 month, 12.01±1.2 mmHg at 6 months, 12.20±1.9 mmHg at 9 months, and 11.34±1.1 mmHg at 1 year. The reduction in the intraocular pressure from the preoperative control period to the follow-up at 1 year was statistically significant. There was only one complication, a rupture of the posterior capsule, which was quickly resolved.

Central pars plana vitrectomy with phacoemulsification is a safe and effective technique to perform in narrow chambers with all types of cataracts, in experienced hands, which can avoid intraoperative complications.

Central pars plana vitrectomy with phacoemulsification is a safe and effective technique to perform in narrow chambers with all types of cataracts, in experienced hands, which can avoid intraoperative complications.

This article aims to evaluate how the subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) respond to the intravitreal injection of bevacizumab and to assess the correlation between these changes. It will also assess the use of the baseline SFCT as a predictor for BCVA changes in eyes of treatment-naive, diabetic macular edema (DME) patients.

This retrospective, consecutive case series comprised 59 eyes of 39 treatment-naive DME patients. Complete slit-lamp assessment, swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) scans to measure SFCT and BCVA values were performed at two stages baseline and one month after the third monthly injection of intravitreal bevacizumab.

Patients' ages ranged from 46.3 to 76.4 years (mean 62.6 ± 2.3). The mean SFCT was 318 ± 82 μm at baseline, which decreased after 3 months to 300 ± 66 μm (P-value = 0.021). There was an improvement in the mean of the logMAR best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from 0.7 (decimal equivalent 0.2) to 0.5 (decimal equivaaluating treatment-naive DME eyes.

To compare the performance of OSDI and SPEED questionnaires in a non-clinical sample in Pakistan.

SPEED and OSDI questionnaires were simultaneously administered to a sample of 600 participants in Pakistan with an average age of 31.0 ± 10.1 years.

Mean SPEED scores were calculated according to the OSDI categories and were found to be 3.33 ± 3.44, 5.45 ± 3.77, 7.86 ± 4.33, and 9.39 ± 4.56 for the normal, mild, moderate, and severe groups, respectively. Using Cronbach's alpha, the total OSDI and SPEED scores were calculated to be 0.924 and 0.879, respectively. A receiver operating curve was plotted, and the area under the curve (AUC) was estimated to be 0.791. Using this curve, the cutoff score for the SPEED questionnaire was found to be 4.00 (P < 0.001).

The SPEED questionnaire can be used as an effective alternative to the OSDI.

The SPEED questionnaire can be used as an effective alternative to the OSDI.

Fireworks are a culturally significant part of celebrations in many parts of the world but can lead to blinding injuries.

To decipher the profile and management outcomes of fireworks-related eye injuries at a tertiary eye hospital in central Saudi Arabia.

This was a retrospective review of cases with fireworks-related eye injuries managed at our institution between 2003 and 2019. Demographic information, clinical features at presentation, mode of management, and visual outcome were evaluated at the last follow-up.

A total of 155 eyes of 150 patients with a median age of 10 years [127 male (84.7%) and 69 (46%) right eyes, 76 (50.7%) left eyes, and 5 patients with bilateral injury] were enrolled for the study. Among the injured individuals, 59 (39.3%) were bystanders and 91 (60.7%) had ignited the fireworks. The fireworks included bangers (53; 35.3%), rockets in bottle (42; 28%), firecrackers (41; 27.3%). Closed globe injury (CGI) was the most common type of eye injury (100; 64.5% eyes) while Open globe injury (OGI) was noted in (55; 35.5% eyes). Management used for treatment included penetrating injury repair (55; 35.5%), lens removal/lens implant (51; 32.9%). Corrected distance visual acuity obtained after 6 months was 20/20 to 20/60 (74; 47.7%), 20/70 to 20/200 in (31; 20%), <20/200 to 20/400 in (9; 5.8%) and <20/400 in (41; 26.5%) eyes. Treatment was able to restore vision and salvage blindness in 50 (32.3%) eyes.

Mainly males were found to suffer from fireworks-related eye injuries and the main fireworks responsible for them were bangers. Visual disability remained in one-third of the treated patients.

Mainly males were found to suffer from fireworks-related eye injuries and the main fireworks responsible for them were bangers. Visual disability remained in one-third of the treated patients.

To determine the impact of different baseline clinical characteristics on the improvement in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) who underwent the intravitreal dexamethasone implant (DEX) Ozurdex

.

This was a single center retrospective study conducted on patients with DME, either naïve or previously treated, who were treated with one or more DEX and had a follow-up of at least 6 months. The main outcome measure was the proportion of DEX achieving an improvement ≥15 letters in BCVA.

The study analyzed 192 DEX implants administered to 97 eyes (65 patients). Among the 192 DEX analyzed, 57 (29.7%) implants achieved a BCVA improvement ≥15 letters (ETDRS) from baseline, with a mean time for achieving such improvement of 89.2 (39.7) days. Eyes who received an additional DEX and those with a duration of DME < 6 months had a greater probability of achieving a BCVA improvement ≥15 letters (odds-ratio 2.55, p = 0.0028 and odds-ratio 1.93, p = 0.0434). The mean (standard deviation) change in BCVA from baseline was 7.