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01). Differences were found between groups (alcohol, gambling, alcohol + gambling and neither) on self-rated energy and fatigue as well as pain (ps less then .05). Gambling and alcohol problems may relate to emotional and health problems, and personality and belief systems may be related to the co-occurrence of gambling and alcohol problems.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global public health emergency with many clinical facets, and new knowledge about its pathogenetic mechanisms is deemed necessary; among these, there are certainly coagulation disorders. In the history of medicine, autopsies and tissue sampling have played a fundamental role in order to understand the pathogenesis of emerging diseases, including infectious ones; compared to the past, histopathology can be now expanded by innovative techniques and modern technologies. For the first time in worldwide literature, we provide a detailed postmortem and biopsy report on the marked increase, up to 1 order of magnitude, of naked megakaryocyte nuclei in the bone marrow and lungs from serious COVID-19 patients. Most likely related to high interleukin-6 serum levels stimulating megakaryocytopoiesis, this phenomenon concurs to explain well the pulmonary abnormal immunothrombosis in these critically ill patients, all without molecular or electron microscopy signs of megakaryocyte infection.
Little is known about cognitive-communication skills post mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). We aimed to determine how performance on cognitive-communication measures in the acute recovery period relates to early outcome following complicated mTBI.
Results of language and communication skill measures, demographic and accident-related data, length of stay (LOS), Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE) scores and discharge destinations were retrospectively gathered for 128 admitted patients with complicated mTBI.
More than half of the individuals required rehabilitation services post discharge from hospital with over a third needing in-patient rehabilitation. Patients with poorer skills in auditory comprehension, verbal reasoning, confrontation naming, verbal fluency and conversational discourse were more likely to require in-patient rehabilitation. Subjects with worse skills in naming, conversational discourse and letter-category verbal fluency had a greater chance of being referred to out-patient rehabilehabilitation needs.This study aimed to evaluate the synergistic effects of both vanillin (V) and chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) in alleviating hepatotoxicity, oxidative injury, and genotoxicity induced by d-galactose (DG) and resulted from aging in male albino rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups (10 rats/group) as follows control group, (DG) group (100 mg/kg), (V) group (100 mg/kg), CNPs either (low dose (LD) or CNPs (high dose (HD) (140 mg/kg) and (280 mg/kg), and CNPs (LD and HD) dose with V- and DG plus V-treated groups. The CNPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), zeta potential, and size distribution of nanoparticles. After 60 consecutive days of exposure, some biochemical parameters were measured as hepatic aminotransferases enzymes, lipid profile, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6 (IL-6), markers of inflammation, tissue damage lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein (CRP), mitochondrial potential activities, myeloperoxidase, xanthine oxidase, CRP, succinate dehydrogendant capacities in the hepatic tissues.
In high-stakes assessments in medical education, the decision to let a particular participant pass or fail has far-reaching consequences. Reliability coefficients are usually used to support the trustworthiness of assessments and their accompanying decisions. However, coefficients such as Cronbach's Alpha do not indicate the precision with which an individual's performance was measured.
Since estimates of precision need to be aligned with the level on which inferences are made, we illustrate how to adequately report the precision of pass-fail decisions for single individuals.
We show how to calculate the precision of individual pass-fail decisions using Item Response Theory and illustrate that approach using a real exam. In total, 70 students sat this exam (110 items). Reliability coefficients were above recommendations for high stakes test (> 0.80). At the same time, pass-fail decisions around the cut score were expected to show low accuracy.
Our results illustrate that the most important decisions-i.e. those based on scores near the pass-fail cut-score-are often ambiguous, and that reporting a traditional reliability coefficient is not an adequate description of the uncertainty encountered on an individual level.
Our results illustrate that the most important decisions-i.e. those based on scores near the pass-fail cut-score-are often ambiguous, and that reporting a traditional reliability coefficient is not an adequate description of the uncertainty encountered on an individual level.This article examined the association between social capital of fathers and child undernutrition using a community-based survey in Myanmar in 2018. The anthropometric measurements of 1546 children aged 6 to 59 months and face-to-face interviews of 1546 respective biological fathers were performed. The 3 social capital indicators (institutional trust, social supports, and collective action) were included in 2-level logistic regression models for child wasting and child stunting. Social supports from fathers' social networks were protective measures for child wasting and child stunting at individual and community levels, respectively. The collective action of fathers was positively associated with child stunting at individual level. No association was found between institutional trust and both indicators of child undernutrition at all levels. D-Luciferin supplier The individual-level collective action on child stunting was conditional on the community-level social supports. Our findings suggest that existing nutritional strategies in Myanmar may be strengthened by targeting fathers to increase their support in child nutrition and by targeting the community to engage in the nutritional programs with their full support.
