Fabriciusludvigsen4785

A sensitive, specific, and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the quantification of prostaglandins D2 (PGD2) and E2 (PGE2) in a mouse ear edema model. We used activated charcoal to obtain PG-free ear samples. The chromatographic separation was performed using a Hypersil Gold C18 column. The limit of detection of each PG was 0.4 ng mL-1, and the intra- and inter-assay estimates of precision and accuracy were less then 14.5 and 94.2-102.9%, respectively. Stability studies showed that all analytes were stable under various storage conditions and analytical processes. The developed and validated method was successfully used to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of cultured bear bile powder (CBBP) by quantitatively determining PGE2 and PGD2 levels in mouse ear edema samples. These results showed that CBBP significantly inhibited the xylene-induced ear edema in mice and reversed the xylene-induced elevation of PGE2 and PGD2 levels. These results provide useful data about the anti-inflammatory bioactivities in tissues, mediated by the reduction of PGE2 and PGD2 levels, and may further encourage research and development studies of CBBP for its use as an anti-inflammatory agent.Flower-like Ag was formed by nanosheet self-assembly as a SERS-active substrate and was utilized for the preparation of flower-like Ag@molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) as a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor. Based on the combination of the molecular imprinting technique and SERS technology, the flower-like Ag@MIPs with high sensitivity and excellent selectivity were used as SERS substrates for the detection of glibenclamide. The imprinted layer could effectively protect the flower-like Ag from oxidation and thereby may improve the stability of the SERS substrate. The intensities of the characteristic peaks obtained for the flower-like Ag@MIPs were higher than that of flower-like Ag. By applying the flower-like Ag@MIPs as an efficient and ultra-sensitive SERS platform, glibenclamide was quantitatively detected in trace concentrations as low as 1 ng mL-1. Furthermore, the SERS enhancement for the flower-like Ag@MIPs was due to the synergetic effect between electromagnetic enhancement and chemical enhancement. We believe that this reliable method can open up new opportunities for practical chemosensor or biosensor applications.A new hybrid composite containing cerium oxide nanoparticle (CeO2NP) and gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-decorated functionalized glassy carbon microspheres (FGCM) was synthesized (Au/CeO2@FGCM). As a result, an Au/CeO2@FGCM-paraffin oil paste electrode (PE) (Au/CeO2@FGCM-PE) was fabricated and employed for the voltammetric sensing of quercetin (QRT). The structure and surface morphology of Au/CeO2@FGCM were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Cyclic voltammetry (CV), square wave voltammetry (SWV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were employed for the investigation of the electrochemical behavior of Au/CeO2@FGCM-PE. Under the optimum conditions, the SWV oxidation peak current showed linear dependence on the QRT concentration in the range from 48 nM to 1.09 μM. The achieved limits of detection and quantitation were 0.37 nM and 1.22 nM, respectively. Au/CeO2@FGCM-PE was reproducible, sensitive and stable and displayed anti-interference ability for various common interferents. The proposed method was also successfully applied for real sample analysis. The QRT content extracted from natural sources was determined, and satisfactory results were achieved. Furthermore, the interaction of QRT with salmon testes and calf thymus dsDNA (st-DNA and ct-DNA) on Au/CeO2@FGCM-PE was studied by CV and SWV. The corresponding binding constant (K), surface concentration (Γ), and Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) were computed for the free QRT and the bound QRT-dsDNA complex. The calculated K values for the QRT-ct-DNA and QRT-st-DNA complexes were found to be 6.24 × 105 M-1 and 3.63 × 105 M-1, respectively, which revealed that QRT strongly interacted with ct-DNA compared to that with st-DNA. The decreased intensity of the QRT oxidation peak resulting from its interaction with dsDNA provides a chance to use QRT as a new indicator to analyze ct-DNA and st-DNA.Peroxynitrite (ONOO-) is one of reactive oxygen species, and plays a vital role in numeorus physiological and pathological processes. Given that the ONOO- level is closely related with various serious diseases, the in situ and real time detection of endogenous ONOO- is highly important for the in-depth study of its roles in living systems. Herein, we present a new fluorescent probe (RHPN) for the real-time detection of intracellular ONOO-. The probe RHPN consists of a rhodamine analogue and an arylhydrazide group as a response site for ONOO-. In response to ONOO-, the probe RHPN converts to an open-ring form and generates strong fluorescence. INS018-055 clinical trial Moreover, the probe RHPN was successfully used for the imaging of the endogenous and exogenous ONOO- level changes in living cells.Silver ions (Ag+) are the most representative harmful ions found in polluted water and widely used in many industries; excessive ingestion of Ag+ in the human body may result in interaction with different metabolites in the human body and in aquatic microorganisms, leading to many diseases. Therefore, there is a great desire to develop good fluorescent probes for Ag+. Herein, a kind of mitochondrion-targeted fluorescent carbon dot was developed. These carbon dots exhibit 29.5% fluorescence quantum yield in water, good photostability and thermal stability. The as-fabricated carbon dots can quickly detect Ag+ in 100% water solution with good selectivity and anti-interference ability. Further, the carbon dots have been successfully applied to monitor Ag+ in living cells via the dual-channel method.The sensitive detection of biomarker cytokeratin fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1) is crucial for early diagnosis and screening of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this work, an electrochemical biosensor based on Nafion-initiated eATRP has been built for ultrasensitive detection of CYFRA21-1 DNA for the first time. Specifically, peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probes are immobilized onto a gold electrode surface and then hybridized with target DNA to form PNA/DNA heteroduplexes for the subsequent attachment of Nafion by the identified carboxyl-Zr4+-phosphoric acid chemistry. Finally, polymer chains are obtained by linking the monomer of ferrocenylmethyl methacrylate to the PNA/MCH/DNA/Zr4+/Nafion probes via eATRP. Under optimized steady-state conditions, the sensor offers a wide current response for CYFRA21-1 DNA from 10-11 to 10-16 M with a detection limit of 6.42 × 10-17 M. The proposed method of using Nafion as the eATRP initiator exhibits high sensitivity, reproducibility and stability and is a promising strategy for early diagnosis of NSCLC.