Ellingtonmalmberg9963

Objective Increased impulsiveness is a risk factor for health-endangering behavior patterns. Little is known about whether increased impulsiveness is associated with Internet Use Disorder (IUD) and whether individuals with various main activities on the internet differ in their levels of impulsiveness. Methods In total, we screened 8,230 vocational students for problematic internet use with the Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS). Participants scoring at least 21 points in the CIUS took part in an in-depth diagnostic interview. IUD was assessed according to the criteria of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) as suggested in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Impulsiveness was assessed with the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-15). We analyzed the data using binary logistic regression models and nonparametric tests. Results Participants with IUD (n = 144) showed increased impulsiveness (p = .005) compared to those without IUD (n = 774). Participants with different main activities on the internet did not differ in their levels of impulsiveness. Conclusions Results indicate that impulsiveness is associated with IUD, independent of the main internet activity. This highlights the necessity to consider patients' impulsiveness in prevention and therapeutic approaches. Because of the cross-sectional study design, further research with longitudinal study designs is needed.A wide range of complex in vitro models (CIVMs) are being developed for scientific research and preclinical drug efficacy and safety testing. The hope is that these CIVMs will mimic human physiology and pathology and predict clinical responses more accurately than the current cellular models. The integration of these CIVMs into the drug discovery and development pipeline requires rigorous scientific validation, including cellular, morphological, and functional characterization; benchmarking of clinical biomarkers; and operationalization as robust and reproducible screening platforms. It will be critical to establish the degree of physiological complexity that is needed in each CIVM to accurately reproduce native-like homeostasis and disease phenotypes, as well as clinical pharmacological responses. Choosing which CIVM to use at each stage of the drug discovery and development pipeline will be driven by a fit-for-purpose approach, based on the specific disease pathomechanism to model and screening throughput needed. Among the different CIVMs, biofabricated tissue equivalents are emerging as robust and versatile cellular assay platforms. Biofabrication technologies, including bioprinting approaches with hydrogels and biomaterials, have enabled the production of tissues with a range of physiological complexity and controlled spatial arrangements in multiwell plate platforms, which make them amenable for medium-throughput screening. However, operationalization of such 3D biofabricated models using existing automation screening platforms comes with a unique set of challenges. These challenges will be discussed in this perspective, including examples and thoughts coming from a laboratory dedicated to designing and developing assays for automated screening.Background In peripheral arterial disease (PAD) the femoropopliteal (FP) artery is the most frequently recanalized lower limb artery. Stent-based interventions change the biomechanical properties of FP arteries. However, no clinical tool for functional imaging is established for quantitative measurements in vivo. Four-dimensional-flow magnetic resonance imaging enables a detailed evaluation of the hemodynamics of the central and - more challenging - the peripheral arteries. The present study aimed to determine the feasibility of assessing pulse wave velocities (PWV) as a marker of vessel stiffness in PAD patients with multiple spot stents and to compare the values with age-matched subjects and young-adult healthy subjects. Patients and methods Contrast-free 4D-flow MRI was performed in seven PAD patients with focally stented FP arteries, five age-matched subjects after exclusion of PAD, and five young, healthy adults. PWV values were calculated from flow curves by using the foot-to-foot method. Results Four-D-flow MRI sequences offering high spatial and temporal resolution enables quantification of flow velocity measurements and estimation of PWVs. learn more Assessment of segmental PWV as a surrogate of vascular stiffness in focally stented femoral arteries is feasible. PWV values across all groups were 15.6±5.2 m/s, 13.3±4.1 m/s, and 9.9±2.2 m/s in PAD patients, senior-aged volunteers, and young-adult volunteers respectively. PWV values in PAD patients were similar with those in the senior-aged volunteers group (15.6±5.2 vs. 13.3 ±4.1 years, p=0.43). However, when compared to the young-adult volunteers, PAD patients had a statistically significantly higher mean local PWV (15.6±5.2 m/s vs. 9.9±2.2 m/s, p less then 0.05). Conclusions Calculating segmental PWV in the femoral arteries is feasible in PAD patients with focally stented FP arteries. PWV values in PAD patients were similar to those in senior-aged volunteers, both of which were higher than in young-adult volunteers.

To explore public confidence in a COVID-19 vaccine.

Cross-sectional survey.

A rural college town in central Pennsylvania.

Adult residents without minor children.

The primary outcome was COVID-19 vaccination intention. Secondary measures included vaccination attitudes, norms, efficacy, past behavior, trust in the vaccination process, and sociodemographic variables of education, financial standing, political viewpoint, and religiosity.

Descriptive statistics were used to describe quantitative data. Multivariate ordinal regression was used to model predictors of vaccine intention.

Of 950 respondents, 55% were "very likely" and 20% "somewhat likely" to take a coronavirus vaccine, even though 70% had taken the flu vaccine since September 2019. The strongest predictors of vaccine acceptance were trust in the system evaluating vaccines and perceptions of local COVID-19 vaccination norms. The strongest predictors of negative vaccine intentions were worries about unknown side-effects and positive attitudes toward natural infection.