Dominguezhedrick1779

Existing burn center referral criteria were developed several years ago, and subsequent innovations in burn care have occurred. Coupled with frequent errors in estimation of extent of burn injury and depth by referring providers, patients are both over and under-triaged when the existing criteria are used to support patient care decisions. In the absence of compelling clinical trial data on appropriate burn patient triage, we convened a multi-disciplinary panel of experts to execute an iterative eDelphi consensus process to facilitate a revision. The eDelphi process panel consisted of n=61 burn stakeholders and experts and progressed through four rounds before reaching consensus on key clinical domains. The major findings are that 1) burn center consultation is strongly recommended for all patients with deep partial thickness or deeper burns ≥ 10% TBSA burned, for full thickness burns ≥ 5% TBSA burned, for children and older adults with specific dressing and medical needs, and for special burn circumstances including electrical, chemical, and radiation injuries; 2) smaller burns are ideally followed in burn center outpatient settings as soon as possible after injury, preferably without delays of a week or more; 3) frostbite, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/TENS, and necrotizing soft tissue infection patients benefit from burn center treatment; and 4) telemedicine and technological solutions are of likely benefit in achieving this standard. Unlike the original criteria, the revised consensus-based guidelines create a framework promoting communication so that triage and treatment are specifically tailored to individual patient characteristics, injury severity, geography, and the capabilities of referring institutions. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Burn Association. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.The spatio-temporal organization of chromatin in the eukaryotic cell nucleus is of vital importance for transcription, DNA replication and genome maintenance. Each of these activities is tightly regulated in both time and space. While we have a good understanding of chromatin organization in space, for example in fixed snapshots as a result of techniques like FISH and Hi-C, little is known about chromatin dynamics in living cells. The rapid development of flexible genomic loci imaging approaches can address fundamental questions on chromatin dynamics in a range of model organisms. Moreover, it is now possible to visualize not only single genomic loci but the whole genome simultaneously. These advances have opened many doors leading to insight into several nuclear processes including transcription and DNA repair. In this review, we discuss new chromatin imaging methods and how they have been applied to study transcription. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.On rabbit carcasses (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.) exposed in open and shaded habitats, the relative abundance of insects and species richness were observed. The decomposition process was classified into four stages fresh, bloated, decayed, and dry. Except for the decayed stage, the elapsed time for each stage of decomposition was similar between open and shaded habitats, with all carcasses reaching dryness in 13 and 14 d, respectively. In total, 2009 insects were collected during the decomposition process with 1,863 flies belonging to seven families and 15 species, and 146 beetles belonging to six species and three families. Insect abundances rose between the fresh and decay stages. The dominant families of insects included Calliphoridae and Muscidae (80.9% of the collected insects) and accounting for 38.07% of the species richness, whereas Histeridae accounted for 4.3% of the collected insects and 14.29% of the species richness. The open habitat attracted 1,233 insects belonging to 18 families, including 1,142 flies and 91 beetles, whereas the shaded habitat attracted 776 insects belonging to 18 families, including 721 flies and 55 beetles. Diversity level and ratios of exclusive species are also reported for each habitat (open 61.4%; shaded 38.6%). Between habitats, there were substantially separate insect communities, however. In addition, there was a substantial difference in the insect number and species between decomposition stages. This study demonstrates that the exposure status needs to be evaluated and examined when estimating the time since death. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America.All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.INTRODUCTION Smoke-free homes (SFHs), the voluntary adoption of home smoking restrictions, are associated with reduced secondhand smoke exposure. However, SFHs are uncommon in permanent supportive housing (PSH) for formerly homeless adults, who have fivefold higher smoking rates than the general population. We pilot-tested a brief intervention to increase voluntary adoption of SFHs among PSH residents in the San Francisco Bay Area. METHODS PSH residents (n=100) and staff (n=62) from 15 PSH sites participated in the intervention between October 2017 to February 2018. Research staff provided counseling to PSH residents on how to adopt a SFH and trained PSH staff on how to counsel residents on smoking cessation. The primary outcome was self-reported voluntary adoption of a SFH for ≥90-days and the secondary outcome was carbon monoxide (CO)-verified PPA at 6-months follow-up. PSH staff completed the Smoking Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices survey at baseline and 3-months follow-up. RESULTS At 6-months, 31.3% of PSH residents had adopted a SFH (versus 13.0% at baseline) and 16.9% reported CO-verified PPA. A positive attitude toward a SFH policy was associated with increased odds of SFH adoption (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] 8.68, 95% CI 2.42, 31.17). Voluntary SFH adoption was associated with increased PPA (AOR 26.27, 95% CI 3.43, 201.30). PSH staff reported improved attitudes toward and self-efficacy in delivering cessation care, and decreased barriers to discussing smoking cessation among PSH residents between baseline and 3-months follow-up. CONCLUSIONS In this single-arm study, a brief intervention increased SFH adoption and PPA among PSH residents. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. Bay K 8644 All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.