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44, p = 0.034). Mean aldosterone concentration in SIT was 2.40 ng/dL in CC patients and 9.99 ng/dL in TT patients (p = 0.046). Patients with CC genotype required less hypotensive drugs in comparison with TT genotype (p = 0.044). PA was recognized in 16 patients. Nine patients had TC genotype, six TT, and one with CC genotype. Conclusion our study revealed predisposing TT genotype to PA. Additionally, patients with TT genotype, regardless of the PA presence, had more severe hypertension. The determination of the CYP11B2 promoter polymorphism seems to be useful in the diagnosis of PA, especially in cases where it is difficult to properly prepare patients for hormonal tests or even results of the hormonal test are incoherent.This paper proposes a smooth adjustment method for the instability problem that occurs during the start and stop of a multi-footed robot during attitude change. First, kinematics analysis is used to establish the mapping relationship between the joint angles of the robot support legs and the body posture. The leg joint angle is a known quantity that can be measured accurately and in real time. Therefore, when the position of the foot end of the support leg is unchanged, a unique set of joint angles can be obtained with the change of body posture at a certain moment. Based on the designed mapping model, the smooth adjustment of the posture can be achieved by the smooth adjustment of the support legs. Second, a constraint index that satisfies the requirements of the robot's steady adjustment of the robot is given. The S-curve acceleration/deceleration method is used to plan the body's attitude angle transformation curve, and then the mapping control relationship is used to obtain the control trajectory requireme robot changes its attitude, and it provides an important reference for the multi-footed robot to improve the terrain adaptability.Gait variability observed in step duration is predictive of impending adverse health outcomes among apparently healthy older adults and could potentially be evaluated using wearable sensors (inertial measurement units, IMU). The purpose of the present study was to establish the reliability and concurrent validity of gait variability and complexity evaluated with a waist and an ankle-worn IMU. Seventeen women (age 74.8 (SD 44) years) and 10 men (73.7 (4.1) years) attended two laboratory measurement sessions a week apart. Their stride duration variability was concurrently evaluated based on a continuous 3 min walk using a force plate and a waist- and an ankle-worn IMU. Their gait complexity (multiscale sample entropy) was evaluated from the waist-worn IMU. The force plate indicated excellent stride duration variability reliability (intra-class correlation coefficient, ICC = 0.90), whereas fair to good reliability (ICC = 0.47 to 0.66) was observed from the IMUs. The IMUs exhibited poor to excellent concurrent validity in stride duration variability compared to the force plate (ICC = 0.22 to 0.93). A good to excellent reliability was observed for gait complexity in most coarseness scales (ICC = 0.60 to 0.82). A reasonable congruence with the force plate-measured stride duration variability was observed on many coarseness scales (correlation coefficient = 0.38 to 0.83). In conclusion, waist-worn IMU entropy estimates may provide a feasible indicator of gait variability among community-dwelling ambulatory older adults.We move our eyes roughly three times every second while searching complex scenes, but covert attention helps to guide where we allocate those overt fixations. Covert attention may be allocated reflexively or voluntarily, and speeds the rate of information processing at the attended location. Reducing access to covert attention hinders performance, but it is not known to what degree the locus of covert attention is tied to the current gaze position. We compared visual search performance in a traditional gaze-contingent display, with a second task where a similarly sized contingent window is controlled with a mouse, allowing a covert aperture to be controlled independently by overt gaze. Larger apertures improved performance for both the mouse- and gaze-contingent trials, suggesting that covert attention was beneficial regardless of control type. We also found evidence that participants used the mouse-controlled aperture somewhat independently of gaze position, suggesting that participants attempted to untether their covert and overt attention when possible. This untethering manipulation, however, resulted in an overall cost to search performance, a result at odds with previous results in a change blindness paradigm. Untethering covert and overt attention may therefore have costs or benefits depending on the task demands in each case.Background Obesity and physical inactivity among children and young people are public health concerns. DNA inhibitor While numerous interventions to promote physical activity are available, little is known about the most effective ones. This study aimed to summarize the existing evidence on interventions that aim to increase physical activity. Methods A systematic review of reviews was conducted. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses published from January 2010 until November 2017 were identified through PubMed, Scopus and the Cochrane Library. Two reviewers independently assessed titles and abstracts, performed data extraction and quality assessment. Outcomes as level of physical activity and body mass index were collected in order to assess the efficacy of interventions. Results A total 30 studies examining physical activity interventions met the inclusion criteria, 15 systematic reviews and 15 meta-analyses. Most studies (N = 20) were implemented in the school setting, three were developed in preschool and childcare settings, two in the family context, five in the community setting and one miscellaneous context. Results showed that eight meta-analyses obtained a small increase in physical activity level, out of which five were conducted in the school, two in the family and one in the community setting. Most promising programs had the following characteristics included physical activity in the school curriculum, were long-term interventions, involved teachers and had the support of families. Conclusion The majority of interventions to promote physical activity in children and young people were implemented in the school setting and were multicomponent. Further research is needed to investigate nonschool programs.