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5% (n=25) and 15.3% (n=10) of the patients, respectively. In multivariate analysis, we found that PSA RR≥ 30% in patients had a statistically significant advantage in terms of PFS ( HR 0.38, 95% CI (0.13-0.71;p=0.03).

In conclusion, 30% PSA RR was significantly associated with a better PFS.

In conclusion, 30% PSA RR was significantly associated with a better PFS.

To explore the associations between the expressions of micro ribonucleic acid (miR)-135 and miR-92a and the pathogenesis of prostate cancer, as well as their clinical significance.

A total of 40 prostate cancer patients were studied. The associations of expressions of miR-135 and miR-92a with the pathological Gleason score and expression of prostate specific antigen (PSA) were assessed, the sensitivity and specificity of miR-135 and miR-92a in the diagnosis of prostate cancer were compared, and the associations between the expressions of miR-135 and miR-92a and the prognosis of prostate cancer patients were evaluated.

In patients with pathological Gleason score ≥8 points the expression level of miR-135 was significantly lower (p<0.05), while that of miR-92a was significantly higher than those in patients with pathological Gleason score <8 points (p<0.05). In patients with PSA expression >10 ng/mL the expression level of miR-135 was obviously lower (p<0.05), while that of miR-92a was obviopressions of miR-135 and miR-92a are of certain value in screening prostate cancer. The prognosis and survival of patients are positively correlated with the miR-135 expression and negatively correlated with the miR-92a expression.

Leukemia causes tremendous human mortality especially in children and young adults. This study was undertaken to investigate the anticancer effects of Solanine against the normal human NCI-H526 and human leukemia AML-193 cell lines.

Cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay. DAPI and annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) assays were used for the determination of apoptosis. The expression analysis was done by qRT-PCR. Protein concentrations were determined by western blot analysis.

DAPI staining showed that Solanine causes nuclear morphological changes. The annexin V/PI staining showed that Solanine increased the leukemia apoptotic cell death dose-dependently. Stem Cells inhibitor The expression of Bax was increased while of Bcl-2 was decreased. The qRT-PCR analysis showed that microRNA (miR)-16 was significantly (p<0.05) downregulated in leukemia AML-193 cells as compared to normal NCI-H526 cells.

Taken together, these results showed that Solanine inhibits the proliferation of leukemia cells via induction of apoptosis and modulation of miR-16/Bcl-2 axis.

Taken together, these results showed that Solanine inhibits the proliferation of leukemia cells via induction of apoptosis and modulation of miR-16/Bcl-2 axis.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most frequent leukemia identified in 25% of adults and in 15-20% of children. In the current study, the cytotoxicity and apoptosis-inducing properties of davanone - a terpenoid, were examined on human AML cell line NCI-H526 and normal AML-193 cell line.

The cytotoxic effects were examined through MTT assay and apoptosis was studied through DAPI and Annexin V/PI staining. Further, the effect on MMP and ROS levels were investigated through flow cytometry. Cell migration and invasion were determined by wound healing and cell invasion assays respectively. Western blotting analysis was performed to study the expressions of apoptosis and PI3K/AKT/MAPK signalling pathway associated proteins.

The results revealed that Davanone induced cytotoxicity in NCI-H526 cells in a dose-dependent manner without causing too much toxicity to the normal AML-193 cells. Further investigations were done in order to validate whether the cytotoxicity was apoptosis-mediated, and the results revealed that cytotoxicity of the test molecule was apoptosis-dependent. On further investigations through western blotting analysis, cytotoxicity was shown to be due to caspase-dependent apoptosis with increased expressions of caspase-3 and Bax and decreased expressions of Bcl-2. Next, it was seen that Davanone treatment led to decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and an increase in reactive oxygen species formation (ROS). The tested molecule also significantly suppressed cell invasion and migration of leukemia cells. Finally, the effect on PI3K/AKT/MAPK signalling pathway was examined and the expression of related proteins was altered significantly.

The present study outcomes propose that Davanone terpenoid could be considered as a promising anticancer agent for AML.

The present study outcomes propose that Davanone terpenoid could be considered as a promising anticancer agent for AML.

The purpose of the study was to examine the anticancer properties of a natural chemical entity - juglone molecule - against human HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells along with assessing the effects on normal human monocytes. Juglone molecule was examined for its role in autophagy induction, endogenous ROS production, and inhibition of cell migration and invasion.

Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay and clonogenic assay was performed to analyse colony formation. Autophagy studies were carried out by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and western blotting analysis. Mitochondrial morphology was observed through MitoTracker Red CMXRos, and mitochondrial ROS production was assessed through confocal microscopy. The cell invasion and migration was assessed via transwell chambers with and without Matrigel.

MTT assay revealed significant, selective (less cytotoxicity towards normal cells) and dose-dependent inhibition of HL-60 leukemia cells and clonogenic assay showed impressive decrease in the number of colonies on increased doses of the molecule. TEM analysis showed formation of autophagosomes and induction of cellular damage. Western blotting assay indicated a significant increase in LC3-I and LC3-II and a slight increase in Beclin-I. Confocal microscopy revealed tremendous increase in ROS concentrations in a dose-dependent manner. Transwell chamber assay revealed significant, dose- dependent inhibition of cell migration and invasion.

Juglone induced anticancer effects on promyelocytic HL-60 leukemia cells mediated via autophagy induction, endogenous ROS production, and inhibition of cell migration and invasion, thus indicating that juglone may be a potential lead molecule against HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells.

Juglone induced anticancer effects on promyelocytic HL-60 leukemia cells mediated via autophagy induction, endogenous ROS production, and inhibition of cell migration and invasion, thus indicating that juglone may be a potential lead molecule against HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells.