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Fire is one of the main disturbance agents globally and one of the main threats on the Brazilian cerrado (Neotropical savanna), acting as environmental filter for species selection. Individuals of Morpho helenor achillides (C. Felder and R. Felder, 1867) and M. menelaus coeruleus (Perry, 1810) were captured weekly using entomological nets and fruit-baited traps over a 36-mo period (from May 2005 to April 2008). The present study analyzed the impact of a fire event in both the above species, showing that they present different responses to this disturbance. Morpho helenor was persistent as adults during the dry season, which could fly away from the flames to neighbor unburned areas and return after dry-season bushfires. Conversely, Morpho menelaus persists only as caterpillars during the dry season, which are unable to escape from the flames resulting in high impacts on local population (the species was not captured up to the end of this study). In addition, based on host plant species reported in the literature, we assigned a broader host plant range to M. helenor, suggesting that a generalist diet could help in the maintenance of individuals during the dry season, as they have more options to breed all year round. A better understanding of the temporal dynamics of adult and immature stages could help predict the amplitude of the impacts of dry season fire events on insects, especially when preventive fires are strategically used inside protected areas.Amiodarone is a class III antiarrhythmic drug containing 37% iodine by weight, with a structure similar to that of thyroid hormones. Deiodination of amiodarone releases large amounts of iodine that can impair thyroid function, causing either hypothyroidism or thyrotoxicosis in susceptible individuals reflecting ~20% of patients administered the drug. Not only the excess iodine, but also the amiodarone (or its metabolite, desethylamiodarone) itself may cause thyroid dysfunction by direct cytotoxicity on thyroid cells. We present an overview of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of amiodarone-induced thyroid disorders, with a focus on the various forms of clinical presentation and recommendations for personalized management of each form.

The new coronavirus pandemic has led to scarcity of invasive ventilation resources in hospitals in several countries. In this context, the Portuguese Medical Association invited intensive care physicians who, in collaboration with SYSADVANCE S.A., developed SYSVENT OM1, a ventilator capable of operating in controlled and assisted modes (volume and pressure) and able to treat patients admitted to intensive care units. In this study we do the proof of concept comparing programmed tidal volume, inspiratory pressure and positive end-expiratory pressure with those measured by the ventilator and an external measuring equipment.

We set up the ventilator in tandem with an artificial lung and a flow analyzer. We measured expiratory tidal volume, and inspiratory pressure against three levels of compliance, each with six steps of tidal volume. Positive end-expiratory pressure was measured at 2 cmH2O incremental along eight steps. For each measurement, we performed three readings.

Considering each of the three single variables, the mean value of the highest difference between programmed values and measured values is, for all of them, within what we considered to be acceptable for a prototype model (tidal volume = -28.1 mL, inspiratory pressure = 0.8 cmH2O and positive end-expiratory pressure = -1.1 cmH2O). This difference is greater when evaluated with the external measuring equipment in comparison with the ventilator.

The results showed a good monitoring and accuracy performance. Technical limitations related with the artificial lung and the flow analyzer have been documented, which do not compromise the results, but limit their amplitude.

For tested parameters, the ventilator has a good operating performance, is in accordance with the initial premises and has potential for clinical use.

For tested parameters, the ventilator has a good operating performance, is in accordance with the initial premises and has potential for clinical use.This letter comments the article DOI https//doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2019.4445.Climate changes have a major influence on the overall health of the population. They are directly linked to the emissions of the greenhouse gases (GHG). The extent of GHG emission in relation to hemodialysis has been measured by several studies all over the world. Up to this date, no similar study has been conducted in Morocco. Therefore, the objective of our study is to conduct a review of the GHG emissions and to evaluate its specificities in order to establish a targeted action plan to reduce the ecological impact of hemodialysis in Morocco. To do this, we sought the help of a certified audit firm. Carbon Footprint tool (L'outil Bilan Carbon), established in Morocco in collaboration with Mohammed VI Foundation for the Protection of the Environment, was used to analyze the results collected for the year 2019. Our unit (conventional hemodialysis 3 × 4 hours, 424 m2 , 24 generators, 80 patients, and 29 nursing staff) generates 408.98 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per year (t CO₂-eq per year) or 5.11 TeqCO2 per patient per year. The largest contributors to GHG emissions are electrical energy consumption (28%), equipment purchase and services (27%), and staff and patients travel (22%). The use of renewable energy for the operation of hemodialysis centers can be a realistic solution to reduce the ecological impact of this type of healthcare in Morocco.This study aimed to estimate the rates of biopsy undersampling and progression for four prostate cancer (PCa) active surveillance (AS) cohorts within the Movember Foundation's Global Action Plan Prostate Cancer Active Surveillance (GAP3) consortium. We used a hidden Markov model (HMM) to estimate factors that define PCa dynamics for men on AS including biopsy under-sampling and progression that are implied by longitudinal data in four large cohorts included in the GAP3 database. The HMM was subsequently used as the basis for a simulation model to evaluate the biopsy strategies previously proposed for each of these cohorts. For the four AS cohorts, the estimated annual progression rate was between 6%-13%. this website The estimated probability of a biopsy successfully sampling undiagnosed non-favorable risk cancer (biopsy sensitivity) was between 71% and 80%. In the simulation study of patients diagnosed with favorable risk cancer at age 50, the mean number of biopsies performed before age 75 was between 4.11 and 12.60, depending on the biopsy strategy.