Dickensborre1502

Modelos lineares generalizados com efeitos mistos foram usados para descrever odds ratios relativas a 1999 e variações anuais médias ajustadas. RESULTADOS Verificaram-se o aumento proporcional em causas externas e doenças geniturinárias e, sobretudo, o persistente papel desempenhado pela tuberculose, impactando diferencialmente a mortalidade por aids no estado, em um cenário de alta mortalidade por doenças infecciosas. CONCLUSÃO Os achados reforçam a manutenção da tuberculose na mortalidade de pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids (PVHA) no Rio de Janeiro e chamam a atenção para a necessidade de avaliar determinantes individuais atuando na redução da sobrevida desses pacientes, de forma a aprimorar o programa de controle do HIV/aids no estado.INTRODUCTION Physician burnout is considered an epidemic. In 2019, 44% of U.S. physicians reported feeling burned out. The work environment is a central risk factor for this. The aim of this study is to develop and test an instrument to evaluate work environment factors in medical training courses. METHOD After focus groups, an initial pool of 14 items was generated and tested in a pilot study (n = 66). Face validity was verified, and small adjustments were made. The resulting version was administered to a sample of 115 psychiatry residents. Eleven items were selected based on the correlations between them, principal component analysis, and theoretical reasons, and then tested for internal and construct validity. RESULTS The final version had high reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.898) and comprised three dimensions relations with the institution; with colleagues; and with preceptors. Both total scores and dimensions correlated significantly with burnout scores (p 32 points); risky (23-31 points); or toxic ( less then 22 points) were suggested and related to the risk of burnout. CONCLUSION Several authors have emphasized the importance of approaching institutional factors as an effective strategy for coping with the increased prevalence of burnout. This instrument should contribute to these efforts.OBJECTIVE To analyze associations between attempted suicide and childhood trauma. METHODS A seven month comparative case-control study (28 subjects - patients with suicide attempt; 56 controls - patients without suicide attempt). The following instruments were used Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), and Medical Outcomes Study (MOS). RESULTS The group with suicide attempt had significantly higher scores for some variables emotional abuse (p less then 0.001), physical abuse (p less then 0.001), emotional neglect (p less then 0.001), and physical neglect (p less then 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that variables related to previous trauma may influence future suicide attempts. The adoption of preventive and therapeutic actions related to mistreatments during child development is a crucial factor in reduction of suicide risk.INTRODUCTION This study describes the epidemiological scenario of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and syphilis at the biggest specialist drug addiction center in Brazil. The great challenge is to find strategies to reduce the impact of inequality and discrimination and develop policies to protect individuals living with - or at risk of - infections. METHODS During the period from January 1 to May 31, 2016, a cross-sectional study was conducted on which all patients (N = 806) seeking inpatient treatment were enrolled. A structured diagnostic interview and rapid tests were conducted initially, and diagnoses were confirmed by tests conducted at a venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL). RESULTS HIV and syphilis rates were 5.86% and 21.9%, respectively. Women were nearly 2.5 times more likely to have syphilis. HIV infection was associated with unprotected sex (odds ratio [OR] 3.27, p = 0.003, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.51-7.11), and suicidal ideation (OR 6.63, p = 0.001, 95%CI 3.37-14.0). Although only 1.86% reported injecting drugs at any point during their lifetimes, this variable was associated with both HIV and syphilis. Elevated rates of HIV and syphilis were observed in the context of this severe social vulnerability scenario. CONCLUSION The risk factors identified as associated with HIV and syphilis should be taken into consideration for implementation of specific prevention strategies including early diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections (STI) to tackle the rapid spread of STIs in this population.OBJECTIVE Evaluate socio-demographic, family and behavioral factors associated with oral health literacy (OHL) in adolescents. METHODS Cross-sectional study conducted with adolescents aged 15 to 19 years in Campina Grande, Brazil. Parents/guardians answered a questionnaire addressing socio-demographic data. The adolescents answered validated instruments on family cohesion and adaptability (family adaptability and cohesion evaluation scale), drug use (alcohol, smoking and substance involvement screening test), type of dental service used for last appointment and OHL (Brazilian version of the Rapid Estimate of Oral Health Literacy in Dentistry). learn more Two dentists were trained to evaluate OHL (K = 0.87-0.88). Descriptive analysis was performed, followed by Poisson regression analysis (α = 5%). A directed acyclic graph was used to select independent variables in the study. RESULTS The following variables remained associated with better OHL high mother's schooling level (RR = 1.07; 95%CI 1.03-1.12), high income (RR = 1.04; 95%CI 1.01-1.09), white ethnicity/skin color (RR = 1.05; 95%CI 1.01-1.10), married parents (RR = 1.04; 95%CI 1.01-1.09), "enmeshed" family cohesion (RR = 1.21; 95%CI 1.12-1.30), "structured" (RR = 1.06; 95%CI 1.01-1.12) or "rigid" (RR = 1.11; 95%CI 1.04-1.19) family adaptability, having more than five residents in the home (RR = 1.07; 95%CI 1.01-1.14) and having used a private dental service during the last appointment (RR = 1.08; 95%CI 1.03-1.13). CONCLUSION Family functioning and socio-demographic factors influence the level of oral health literacy among adolescents.