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The findings suggest a cyclical possibility that smoking exacerbates food insecurity, food insecurity exacerbates psychological distress, and psychological distress exacerbates smoking. There is a need to replicate with more timepoints, but our results highlight the importance of examining the overlapping health burdens of smoking, food insecurity, and psychological distress.Huangjing (Polygonatum sibiricum) is a medicinal plant widely distributed in China, Japan, and Korea. The dried rhizome of Huangjing has been reported to have many pharmacological applications and biological activities, such as antioxidants, immunity enhancement, anti-fatigue, anti-osteoporosis, and anti-aging activity (Cui et al., 2018). In June 2018, we observed some wilted Huangjing plants in commercial plantings in Shuicheng, Guizhou, China (26.22 N, 104.76 E). Symptoms began as moderate to severe wilting of stems and necrosis of leaves, followed by the death of plants. The collar rot appeared on the stem near to the soil. When incubated at 28°C and 100% relative humidity (RH) for 8 to 10 days, the infected stem produced brown sclerotia. We picked the sclerotia and cultured them on potato dextrose agar (PDA) supplemented with 50 μg/ml of streptomycin. The hyphal tips generated by the sclerotia was isolated under microscopic field and transferred to the fresh PDA. Three isolates (HJ-1, HJ-6 and HJ-10) camefulfilled Koch's postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of A. rolfsii causing stem rot on Huangjing.Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitate L.) is an important vegetable crop that is widely cultivated throughout the world. In August 2019, wilting symptoms on cabbage (stunted growth, withered leaves, and wilted plants) were observed in a cabbage field of Pyeongchang, Gangwon Province, with an incidence of 5 to 10%. To identify the cause, symptomatic root tissue was excised, surface-sterilized with 70% ethanol, and rinsed thrice with sterile distilled water. The samples were dried on blotter paper, placed onto potato dextrose agar (PDA), and incubated at 25°C for 1 week. Five morphologically similar fungal isolates were sub-cultured and purified using the single spore isolation method (Choi et al. 1999). The fungus produced colonies with abundant, loosely floccose, whitish-brown aerial mycelia and pale-orange pigmentation on PDA. Macroconidia had four 4 to six 6 septa, a foot-shaped basal cell, an elongated apical cell, and a size of 20.2 to 31.8 × 2.2 to 4.1 μm (n = 30). No microconidia were observed. Chlamolate, thus confirming Koch's postulates. Fusarium wilt caused by F. equiseti has been reported in various crops, such as cauliflower in China, cumin in India, and Vitis vinifera in Spain (Farr and Rossman 2020). To our knowledge, this is the first report of F. equiseti causing Fusarium wilt on cabbage in Korea. It This disease poses a threat to cabbage production in Korea, and effective disease management strategies need to be developed.Patients' Body Mass Index (BMI) increase during methadone maintenance treatment (MMT), and both Vitamins D and B12 deficiencies may be associated with BMI. We studied the relations between BMI, these vitamins and treatment outcome in patients with opioid use disorder receiving MMT. Vitamin B12 levels were available for 272 patients and Vitamin D levels were available for 260 patients. Of those 112 and 80 respectively had two measures (at admission or thereafter, and while stabilized or after one year in treatment). Patients' BMI levels and long-term retention were analyzed. Vitamin B12 was lower in patients abusing cocaine/amphetamine on admission. Vitamin D did not change over time, but a significant weight gain could be observed in 38 patients whose vitamin D was elevated compared to 42 whose levels were not, (25.4 ± 4.8 to 28.8 ± 5.2 vs. 24.3 ± 3.7 to 25.5 ± 4.0, p(Time) less then 0.0005, p(Group) = 0.03, p(interaction) = 0.02). BMI changes correlated with vitamin D levels change (r = 0.26, p = .04). Longer cumulative retention was observed among the elevated vitamin D group (8.1 years, 95% CI 6.3-9.8) in comparison with the non-elevated group (4.8y 95% CI 3.6-6.1, Kaplan Meier, p = .02). Stimulants misuse was associated with low B12 levels. Vitamin D elevation is associated with weight gain and longer retention in treatment.

thousands of patients are admitted to intensive care units annually, which is a stressful event. Many of these patients still require particular care after discharge. In many countries, families play an essential role in taking care of these patients after discharge. This study aimed to determine the informational needs of families of patients discharged from Intensive Care Units (ICU), Kerman, southeast Iran.

this study had a cross-sectional design. Families were selected using the information extracted from patients' medical records. One hundred forty family members of the ICU discharged patients participated in the survey using convenience sampling. Data collection tools were a validated researcher-made questionnaire about informational needs and a demographic characteristics form.

the mean score of family informational needs was 31.18 ± 3.97 out of 40. Most families required a high level of information in all dimensions. However, the maximum need was associated with self-care subscale (4.89 out of 5), and the minimum need was associated with defecation (3.13 out of 5).

the families of patients discharged from intensive care units required much information about different areas of care particularly self-care. learn more Health care providers, especially nurses, should be aware of the informational needs of the ICU patients' families post-discharge to provide better care.

the families of patients discharged from intensive care units required much information about different areas of care particularly self-care. Health care providers, especially nurses, should be aware of the informational needs of the ICU patients' families post-discharge to provide better care.

Latino preschool children have higher rates of obesity than children from other racial/ethnic backgrounds. Few effective, culturally-tailored obesity prevention interventions exist that have focused on Latino preschool children, and even fewer have published results of the process evaluation. The purpose of this paper was to monitor reach, fidelity, and completeness of implementation to determine whether ANDALE, a promising

-led, home-based pilot study to prevent obesity in Latino preschool children, was implemented as planned.

Guided by a logic model, we assessed reach, implementation fidelity and completeness through descriptive analyses of multiple data sources. Reach was assessed through attendance records. Fidelity was assessed via observation checklist and completeness was assessed via survey with both parents and

in a subsample of 12 families.

recruited participants primarily through their own social networks and delivered the intervention to 50 families (mother-child dyads); the majority were of Mexican-origin, low-acculturation, dual-parent households.