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The present study aimed to perform a meta-analysis on the performance of Graf's ultrasonography method in the detection of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).

A query was conducted on electronic bibliographic databases until the end of October 2020. The inclusion criteria entailed 1. the use of Graf method in less than 12 weeks of age, 2. the use of follow-up as reference test, and 3. provision of crude data. Pooled diagnostic performance measures were calculated. Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) checklist was utilized to assess the quality of the included studies. The hierarchical summary receiver-operating characteristic (HROC) curves were also drawn.

Six articles (including seven populations, 11,012 patients) were considered eligible. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were obtained at 93% (95% CI 0.57-0.99) and 97% (95% CI0.86-0.99), respectively (area under curve= 0.99). The pooled positive and negative likelihood ratio, as well as diagnostic odds ratio, was reported as 28.4, 0.07, and 396, respectively.

As evidenced by the obtained results, Graf's method is a useful ultrasonography technique with acceptable accuracy for screening DDH in neonates. Apoptosis inhibitor However, there are uncertainties about the best population and age for screening. Furthermore, more attention should be paid to the proper training of this method to reduce the number of operator errors.

As evidenced by the obtained results, Graf's method is a useful ultrasonography technique with acceptable accuracy for screening DDH in neonates. However, there are uncertainties about the best population and age for screening. Furthermore, more attention should be paid to the proper training of this method to reduce the number of operator errors.

Atypical femoral fractures are the femoral fractures located anywhere between the lesser trochanter and the supracondylar flare of the femur. Long-term bisphosphonates, as the most common preventive and treatment medications for osteoporosis, are thought to have an important role in these fractures. Most of the fractures should be treated surgically, and the complications are considerable.

We searched Medline, CENTRAL, Embase, and DART on February 26, 2020. One author reviewed and retrieved citations from these four databases for irrelevant and duplicate studies, and two other authors independently extracted data from the studies and rated their quality.Patients with surgical treatment of bisphosphonate-related atypical femoral fracture, according to the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research definition, were included. Animal studies, case reports, studies with high-energy trauma, pathological fracture, or malignancy-related fractures were excluded.

In total, 316 patients (348 fractures) were inrent surgical methods, and teriparatide therapy may help shed more light on the surgical management of these fractures.

An increase in the rate of atypical femoral fracture with its challenging management makes it an important issue to be noted by orthopedic surgeons. Based on the results of this study, subtrochanteric fractures might have more complications post-operatively and are suggested to be operated on by more experienced surgeons. It was also found that extra-medullary fixation increases the risk of complications. Future studies on union time, outcomes of different surgical methods, and teriparatide therapy may help shed more light on the surgical management of these fractures.

Pilon fractures represent one of the most surgically challenging fractures in orthopaedics. Different techniques exist for their management, with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) and External fixation (Ex-Fix) the most widely used. Whilst there is a plethora of data regarding these strategies for Pilon fractures as a whole, very limited data exists solely on the management of

Pilon fractures. This study aimed to elucidate how surgical management options can influence postoperative complications, and if this can influence future management protocols.

We conducted a search in PubMed, EMBASE and CENTRAL for postoperative complications and functional outcomes in open pilon fractures in those treated with Ex-Fix vs ORIF (PROSPERO-CRD42020184213). The postoperative complications measured included non-union, mal-union, delayed union, bone grafting, amputation, osteoarthritis, deep infection and superficial infection. Functional outcomes in the form of the AOFAS score was also measured where possiblt be considered by surgeons when choosing surgical management options. Further research, ideally in a randomised control trial format, is required to definitively demonstrate ORIF superiority in the management of open pilon fractures.

Based on our study, while Ex-Fix and ORIF have similar functional outcomes, Ex-Fix appears to have a significantly higher risk of postoperative complications which must be considered by surgeons when choosing surgical management options. Further research, ideally in a randomised control trial format, is required to definitively demonstrate ORIF superiority in the management of open pilon fractures.

Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a devastating condition, further aggravated by delayed diagnosis. Since ACS is a clinical diagnosis, identification of risk factors for individual patients may help with earlier detection. This study aims to identify the risk factors associated with the development of ACS of the extremities.

We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies with adult patients at risk for and with traumatic ACS of the extremity. Non-traumatic, chronic exertional, vascular and abdominal compartment syndrome were excluded. Technical reports, biomechanical studies, abstracts, studies of non-human subjects, non-English studies, and studies with less than five subjects were excluded. Meta-analysis was performed on a subset of studies including a control group. We addressed cases of substantial heterogeneity among the studies with subgroup analysis, and whenever heterogeneity remained significant, we employed random effect meta-analysis for the data pooling. The study protocol has been registered in PROSPERO (ID = CRD42019126603).