Clemonsgilliam5225

BACKGROUND Child sexual abuse prevention programs are offered in many schools globally, but research is scant on whether or not these programs actually decrease the rates of CSA among youth who participate in them. OBJECTIVE This study sought to determine if participation in a CSA prevention program (based on participant recall), in the US or another country, led to lower rates of self-reported past victimization among youth, affected disclosure and effects on sexual satisfaction. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING One thousand five hundred and two students from an ethnically and racially diverse university in the southeast served as participants. METHODS Participants completed measures on line (Qualtrics). This included demographic information and participation in CSA prevention programs in schools, concepts that were covered, and recollections of sexual victimization. The second measure was a revised version of the sexual satisfaction scale (Derogatis Sexual Functioning Inventory). RESULTS Students who had not participated in a CSA prevention program were significantly more likely to be abused than those who did participate, regardless of the program or location (χ2 (1,1498) = 19.01, p  less then  .001). Those participating in programs in the US were more likely to disclose abuse than those participating in the programs in other countries (χ2 (1,212) = 5.49, p = .019). No significant difference was found between those who participated in prevention programming and those who did not on sexual satisfaction (χ2 (1,1469) = 1.76, p = .184). CONCLUSION These results highlight the importance of universal CSA prevention programs in schools worldwide as one part of comprehensive prevention. BACKGROUND Although the use of sedation is commonly practiced to keep infants still while receiving magnetic resonance imaging, non-pharmacological strategies are a potential alternative. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine the success rate of obtaining usable magnetic resonance images in infants with the sole use of non-pharmacological strategies. DESIGN Systematic literature review and meta-analysis SETTING A search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL and Cochrane Library. PARTICIPANTS Human infants from birth to 24 months of age who did not receive any sedation or anesthesia during magnetic resonance imaging METHOD Articles that reported the success rate of obtaining usable images were included. RESULTS Of the 521 non-duplicate articles found, 58 articles were included in the systematic review with sample sizes ranging from 2-457, an average success rate of 87.8%, and an average scan time of 30 min. The most common non-pharmacological technique included feeding and swaddling infants before imaging to encourage infants to sleep during the scan. Meta-analysis performed on 53 articles comprising 3,410 infants found a success rate of 87%, but significant heterogeneity was found (I2 = 98.30%). It was more difficult to obtain usable images solely with non-pharmacological techniques if infants were critically ill or a structural magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was required. CONCLUSION Non-pharmacological techniques are effective for obtaining usable magnetic resonance imaging scans in most but not all infants. Tweetable abstract Non-pharmacological techniques are effective for obtaining usable magnetic resonance imaging scans in most infants. BACKGROUND The COVID-19 has now been declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. learn more There is an emergent need to search for possible medications. METHOD Utilization of the available sequence information, homology modeling, and in slico docking a number of available medications might prove to be effective in inhibiting the SARS-CoV-2 two main drug targets, the spike glycoprotein, and the 3CL protease. RESULTS Several compounds were determined from the in silico docking models that might prove to be effective inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2. Several antiviral medications Zanamivir, Indinavir, Saquinavir, and Remdesivir show potential as and 3CLPRO main proteinase inhibitors and as a treatment for COVID-19. CONCLUSION Zanamivir, Indinavir, Saquinavir, and Remdesivir are among the exciting hits on the 3CLPRO main proteinase. It is also exciting to uncover that Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD) Adeflavin, B2 deficiency medicine, and Coenzyme A, a coenzyme, may also be potentially used for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infections. The use of these off-label medications may be beneficial in the treatment of the COVID-19. BACKGROUND Lower-limb spasticity can impair ambulation and gait, impacting quality of life. OBJECTIVES This ancillary analysis of the TOWER study (NCT01603459) assessed the efficacy of incobotulinumtoxinA for lower-limb post-stroke spasticity including pes equinovarus. METHODS Participants received escalating incobotulinumtoxinA doses (400-800 U) across 3 injection cycles. Changes were compared for those treated in the lower limb (with/without upper-limb treatment) or the upper limb only or for participants treated or untreated for pes equinovarus. Outcome measures were those used in the seminal study resistance to passive movement scale (REPAS), Ashworth Scale (AS), functional ambulation and lower-limb goal attainment. RESULTS Among 132/155 (85%) participants with post-stroke spasticity, in cycles 1, 2 and 3, 99, 119 and 121 participants received lower-limb treatment with mean (SD) total limb incobotulinumtoxinA doses of 189.2 (99.2), 257.1 (115.0) and 321.3 (129.2) U, respectively. Of these, 80, 105 and 107, respectively, were treated for pes equinovarus. The mean (SD) improvement in REPAS lower-limb score was greater with treatment in the lower limb versus the upper limb only -1.6 (2.1) versus -0.4 (1.4); -1.9 (1.9) versus -0.6 (1.6); -2.2 (2.2) versus -1.0 (0.0) (P = 0.0005, P = 0.0133 and P = 0.3581; analysis of covariance [ANCOVA], between-group differences) in cycles 1, 2 and 3, respectively. For all cycles, the mean improvement in ankle joint AS score from injection to 4 weeks post-treatment was greater for participants treated versus not treated for pes equinovarus, with a significant between-group difference in cycle 1 (P = 0.0099; ANCOVA). At the end of cycle 3, 42% of participants walked independently and 63% achieved 2 of 2 lower-limb treatment goals (baseline 23% and 34%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This study supports the efficacy of incobotulinumtoxinA for treatment of pes equinovarus and other patterns of lower-limb post-stroke spasticity. INTRODUCTION Conventional photodynamic therapy (cPDT) is considered a very effective treatment of actinic keratosis (AK) lesions. However, its use is limited by the fact that this procedure could be very painful. The use of topical anesthetics such as tetracaine or lignocaine/prilocaine has shown disappointing results in term of pain reduction. A self-occlusive topical 7% lidocaine/7% tetracaine anesthetic cream (LT-C) approved by the FDA to provide local topical anesthesia in adults undergoing superficial dermatological procedures is available. There are no data regarding its pain reducing effect during cPDT. We perform a prospective, randomized, single-blind, two-center trial (The 3P-Trial) to assess the pain reduction effect of LT-C versus vehicle in subjects with AK undergoing cPDT. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty AK subjects (74 ± 10 years, 32 men, 18 women) with on average 17 lesions were enrolled after their written informed consent. Eight subjects presented also a total of 16 basal cell carcinoma lesions. N The 3P-trial has demonstrated that the preventive application of the self-occlusive lidocaine 7%-tetracaine 7% cream is very effective in reducing the procedure-associated pain during MAL-cPDT for the treatment of AK lesions. V.BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the reduction of halitosis when using antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) withBixa orellana extract and blue light-emitting diode (LED). METHODS Forty-four UNINOVE students or employees with a diagnosis of sulfide (H2S) ≥ 112 ppb in gas chromatography were selected. The patients were randomly divided in groups Group 1 (n = 15) aPDT with annatto and LED; Group 2 (n = 14) tongue scraping; Group 3 (n = 15) tongue scraping and aPDT. For aPDT, a wasBixa orellana extract used in a concentration of 20% w/v (Fórmula e Ação®, São Paulo, Brazil) on the tongue for 2 minutes, associated with a blue-violet LED (Valo Cordless Ultradent® Products, Inc., South Jordan, UT, USA) (395-480 nm). Six points were irradiated on the back of the tongue, at wavelength 395-480 nm for 20 seconds, energy of 9.6 J and radiant energy of 6.37 J/cm2 per point. The results were compared before, immediately after treatment and 7 days after. The Friedman test was used for the intragroup analysis and the Kruskal Wallis test for the intergroup analysis. RESULTS In all groups, there was a difference between baseline and the value immediately after the treatment. In Groups 1 and 3, there was no difference between the baseline and the 7 days control. CONCLUSION There was an immediate reduction of halitosis, but the reduction was not maintained after 7days. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03346460, first posted on November 17, 2017, last updated on February 1, 2018. V.Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the most important representative pathogen which causes clinically relevant infections in diabetic ulceration. We report our investigations on the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with topical 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA-PDT) on diabetic murine infected wound models induced with a MRSA SA325 strain. A solution of 10% 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) was placed into the wounds followed by delivery of 25 J/cm2 (635 nm). The ALA-PDT treated wounds healed earlier as compared to others (P  less then  0.5). A significant reduction of bacterial counts (2.05 logs) was detected in wounds after ALA-PDT on Day 2 (P  less then  0.5). Additionally, histological analysis revealed that wounds treated with ALA-PDT exhibited a more complete re-epithelialization, blood micro-vessels, collagen-volume fraction and considerable decrease in inflammatory cells infiltration. Immunohistochemistry assay demonstrated considerable reduction of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β), earlier expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), increase of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and Ki-67 in the ALA-PDT group (P  less then  0.5). These data imply that the therapeutic effect of ALA-PDT revealed an accelerated diabetic wound closure rate, together with reduced hyperinflammatory response and elevated growth factors. V.BACKGROUND Intraoperative vascular injury (VI) may be an unavoidable complication of anterior lumbar spine surgery; however, vascular injury has implications for quality and safety reporting as this intraoperative complication may result in serious bleeding, thrombosis, and postoperative stricture. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to (1) develop machine learning algorithms for preoperative prediction of VI and (2) develop natural language processing (NLP) algorithms for automated surveillance of intraoperative VI from free-text operative notes. PATIENT SAMPLE Adult patients, 18 years or age or older, undergoing anterior lumbar spine surgery at two academic and three community medical centers were included in this analysis. OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was unintended VI during anterior lumbar spine surgery. METHODS Manual review of free-text operative notes was used to identify patients who had unintended VI. The available population was split into training and testing cohorts. Five machine learning algorithms were developed for preoperative prediction of VI.