Clarkhuynh6177

Further, transitions between low and high-risk relationship/sexual activity types were associated with corresponding changes in HED. Transitioning into a high-risk relationship was associated with significant increases in levels of HED, whereas transitioning into a low risk relationship was associated with significant decreases in HED. CONCLUSIONS Together, results indicate that engaging in non-exclusive dating or casual sexual relationships may play an important role in the development of problematic patterns of alcohol use during the early college years. These findings have potentially important implications both for future research and for prevention and intervention efforts targeting high risk college drinkers. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.MAIN PROBLEM Self-management is essential for patients both before and after kidney transplantation and requires an adequate level of health literacy (HL), that is the ability to comprehend and process health information. Low HL is associated with poor clinical outcome and an increased risk of death. In Europe, HL has been scarcely studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of HL in a Swedish cohort of kidney transplant (KTx) candidates and KTx recipients. METHODS A single centre cross-sectional cohort study. Participants; n = 50 KTx candidates and n = 49 KTx recipients. HL was measured with the Newest Vital Sign instrument (NVS). Statistical analysis was made using the chi-square, Mann-Whitney U- or t-test. RESULTS Study participants; n = 99, 61.6% male, mean age 52 years. Low or possible inadequate HL was seen in 20%. There was no statistical difference in the levels of HL related to sex, educational level, ability to work or between KTx candidates and KTx recipients. CONCLUSIONS In this cohort, one fifth had low or possible inadequate HL measured by the NVS. Screening is needed to identify persons with poor HL. These persons require tailored education and person-centred care to cope with self-management. © 2020 Nordic College of Caring Science.Heteropaternal superfecundation may be defined as the fertilisation of two or more ova during the same oestrus cycle as a result of more than one coital act from different males; this results in foetuses being born in the same litter of the same age but different paternity. Heteropaternal superfecundation is more likely to occur in poly-ovulatory species like sheep; moreover, female sheep are often mob-mated with several rams concurrently, thus providing an opportunity for a given female to be served by multiple males during the same oestrus cycle. The objective of the present study was to determine the frequency of heteropaternal superfecundation in six sheep flocks where most of the ewes, lambs and rams were genotyped. A total of 685 multiple-birth litters were available where the sire, dam and all lambs were genotyped. Of the 539 pairs of twins included in the analysis, 160 (i.e. 30%) were sired by two different rams. Of the 137 sets of triplets included in the analysis, 73 (i.e. 53%) were sired by more than one ram. Of the nine sets of quadruplets, eight were sired by two rams with the remaining litter being mono-paternal. The overall incidence of heteropaternal superfecundation among litters was therefore 35%. Given that the incidence of multiple births in these flocks was 65%, heteropaternal superfecundation is expected to be relatively common in sheep; this is especially true as all but two of the litter-mates were polyzygotic. Genotyping of progeny is one practical solution to identity such individuals. © 2020 Stichting International Foundation for Animal Genetics.BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis is a life-limiting autosomal recessive genetic illness. A feeling of shortness of breath is common in cystic fibrosis, especially as the disease progresses. find more Reversing the underlying cause is the priority when treating breathlessness (dyspnoea), but when it is not feasible, palliation (easing) becomes the primary goal to improve an individual's quality of life. A range of drugs administered by various routes have been used, but no definite guidelines are available. A systematic review is needed to evaluate such treatments. OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy and safety of drugs used to ease breathlessness in people with cystic fibrosis. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis Trials Register, compiled from electronic database searches and handsearching of journals and conference abstract books. Date of last search 18 November 2019. We searched databases (clinicaltrials.gov, the ISRCTN registry, the Clinical Trials Registry India and WHO ICTRP) for ongoing trials. These practice. The authors call for specific research in this area after taking into account relevant ethical considerations. The research should focus on the efficacy and safety of the drugs with efficacy being measured in terms of improvement in quality of life, dyspnoea scores and hospital stay. Copyright © 2020 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, which mainly involves inflammatory responses and apoptosis, is a common cause of organ dysfunction in liver transplantation. As a critical mediator of inflammation and apoptosis in various cell types, the role of tripartite motif-containing 27 (TRIM27) in hepatic I/R injury remains undetermined. This study systemically evaluated the putative role of TRIM27- TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1)-JNK/p38 signaling in hepatic I/R injury. TRIM27 expression was significantly downregulated in liver tissue from liver transplantation patients, mice subjected to hepatic I/R surgery and hepatocytes challenged by hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) treatment. Subsequently, using global Trim27 knockout mice (Trim27-KO mice) and hepatocyte-specific Trim27 transgenic mice (Trim27-HTG mice), TRIM27 functions to ameliorate liver damage, reduce the inflammatory response and prevent cell apoptosis. In parallel in vitro studies, activating TRIM27 also prevented H/R-induced hepatocyte inflammation and apoptosis. Mechanistically, TRIM27 constitutively interacted with the critical components TAK1 and TAK1 binding protein 2/3 (TAB2/3) and promoted the degradation of TAB2/3, leading to inactivation of TAK1 and the subsequent suppression of downstream JNK/p38 signaling. Conclusion TRIM27 is a key regulator of hepatic I/R injury by mediating the degradation of TAB2/3 and the suppression of downstream TAK1-JNK/p38 signaling. TRIM27 may be a promising approach to protect the liver against I/R-mediated hepatocellular damage in transplant recipients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.