Bowerscox6275
Benin, a country eligible for Gavi support, changed the presentation of the 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PCV13) from the single-dose vial (SDV) to the multi-dose vial (MDV). The present work aims to evaluate the process of making this decision as well as programmatic and logistic impacts.
WHO protocol for post-introduction evaluation (PIE) was used. Programmatic impact was evaluated by comparing PCV13 coverage and dropout rates with a comparator vaccine administered simultaneously over similar 6-month periods prior to and after the transition. This impact was also appreciated from observation of multi-dose vial management practices during immunization sessions. Logistic impact was measured from the analysis of storage capacities, waste management and vaccine losses.
Decision to move to PCV13 MDV was taken at EPI level. Activities planned to support this switch were partially implemented. Impact on vaccination coverage and PCV13 dropout rates in relation with the transition to PCV13 MDV was not detected. The study found that 63% of the health staff surveyed knew and applied WHO's multidose vial policy (MDVP). Vaccines opened vials were found in 83% of health facilities visited. PCV13 MDV (37%) was one of the 3 main vaccines found with open vials in health facility refrigerators. Vaccination risky practices were observed during immunization sessions in 83% of health facilities. The main risky practice was the lack of indication of the date and hour of opening vials (56%). There was a reduction of the volume occupied by vaccines at central store by 47%. Net storage volume per fully immunized child (FIC) decreased from 69.5 to 41m
. PCV13 MDV allows for 40% reduction in the amount of waste produced by vaccination. PCV13 open vial loss rate has increased from 3 to 7%.
Benin's experience in transition to an MDV presentation of PCV13 reveals the need for better preparation and planning.
Benin's experience in transition to an MDV presentation of PCV13 reveals the need for better preparation and planning.
Despite historical exclusion, there has been recent recognition of the need to address the health of pregnant women in research on vaccines against emerging pathogens. However, pregnant women's views and decision-making processes about vaccine research participation during infectious disease outbreaks remain underexplored. This study aims to examine women's decision-making processes around vaccine research participation during infectious disease outbreaks.
We conducted qualitative semi-structured in-depth interviews with pregnant and recently pregnant women (n=13), eliciting their views on four hypothetical Zika Virus vaccine research scenarios and probing their decision-making processes around participation. After recorded interviews were transcribed, thematic analysis was conducted based on a priori and emergent themes.
Most women interviewed were accepting of vaccine research scenarios. Three broad themes-evidence, risk, and trust-characterized women's decision-making processes. Women varied in how different types and levels of evidence impacted their considerations, which risks were most salient to their decision-making processes, and from whom they trusted recommendations about vaccine research participation. Exemplary quotes from each theme are presented, and lessons for vaccine development during the current COVID-19 pandemic and future outbreaks are discussed.
Some pregnant women are accepting of participation in vaccine research during infectious disease outbreaks. Incorporating their priorities into trial design may facilitate their participation and generation of evidence for this important population.
Some pregnant women are accepting of participation in vaccine research during infectious disease outbreaks. Incorporating their priorities into trial design may facilitate their participation and generation of evidence for this important population.
Influenza vaccination during pregnancy benefits mothers and children. Kenya and other low- and middle-income countries have no official influenza vaccination policies to date but are moving towards issuing such policies. Understanding determinants of influenza vaccine uptake during pregnancy in these settings is important to inform policy decisions and vaccination rollout.
We interviewed a convenience sample of women at antenatal care facilities in four counties (Nairobi, Mombasa, Marsabit, Siaya) in Kenya. this website We described knowledge and attitudes regarding influenza vaccination and assessed factors associated with willingness to receive influenza vaccine.
We enrolled 507 pregnant women, median age was 26years (range 15-43). Almost half (n=240) had primary or no education. Overall, 369 (72.8%) women had heard of influenza. Among those, 288 (78.1%) believed that a pregnant woman would be protected if vaccinated, 252 (68.3%) thought it was safe to receive a vaccine while pregnant, and 223 (60.4%) believed a bncerns and education on the benefits of vaccination could be the most effective strategies to improve vaccine acceptance.Acute inflammation is a protective reaction by the immune system in response to invading pathogens or tissue damage. Ideally, the response should be localized, self-limited, and returning to homeostasis. If not resolved, acute inflammation can result in organ pathologies leading to chronic inflammatory phenotypes. Acute inflammation and inflammation resolution are complex coordinated processes, involving a number of cell types, interacting in space and time. The biomolecular complexity and the fact that several biomedical fields are involved, make a multi- and interdisciplinary approach necessary. The Atlas of Inflammation Resolution (AIR) is a web-based resource capturing an essential part of the state-of-the-art in acute inflammation and inflammation resolution research. The AIR provides an interface for users to search thousands of interactions, arranged in inter-connected multi-layers of process diagrams, covering a wide range of clinically relevant phenotypes. By mapping experimental data onto the AIR, it can be used to elucidate drug action as well as molecular mechanisms underlying different disease phenotypes. For the visualization and exploration of information, the AIR uses the Minerva platform, which is a well-established tool for the presentation of disease maps. The molecular details of the AIR are encoded using international standards. The AIR was created as a freely accessible resource, supporting research and education in the fields of acute inflammation and inflammation resolution. The AIR connects research communities, facilitates clinical decision making, and supports research scientists in the formulation and validation of hypotheses. The AIR is accessible through https//air.bio.informatik.uni-rostock.de.
