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001) was observed in vitamin D deficient women after supplementation in group A. 5.7% women developed preeclampsia in group A as compared to 28.5% in group B (p less then 0.0001). Higher (13%) incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus was observed in group B as compared to group A (6.6%) though the difference was not significant. A significantly higher incidence of preterm labor was observed in group B (p=0.007). Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency is correlated with a higher incidence of preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus and preterm birth. Maternal screening in targeted population and its supplementation is recommended to improve maternal outcome. © Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 2011.Introduction Allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma are closely linked atopic conditions, often termed as one airway one disease. Nasal airflow obstruction is a cardinal symptom of AR and objective assessment of resistance to nasal airflow in rhinitis can be measured by active anterior rhinomanometry. This study was aimed at correlating the degree of resistance to nasal airflow (NAR) with the clinical severity of allergic rhinitis. In addition, it aimed at determining the proportion of patients with latent lower airway involvement in AR and studying the impact of ARIA severity grade and NAR on this value. Materials and Methods A prospective prevalence study was conducted wherein 32 patients diagnosed with allergic rhinitis underwent determination of nasal airway resistance by active anterior rhinomanometry and lung function evaluation by spirometry. If spirometry was normal; histamine challenge test was performed to check for bronchial hyper-reactivity. Results 94% of patients with moderate- severe allergic rhinitonsiveness is significantly higher among patients with raised nasal airway resistance as determined by rhinomanometry. This study thus concludes that measurement of nasal airway resistance determined by active anterior rhinomanometry is a good objective tool to measure severity of nasal obstruction in allergic rhinitis with good correlation with the ARIA clinical severity grade .It may also be a promising tool to identify allergic rhinitis patients who are at a higher risk of having latent lower airway involvement. © Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 2011.Aims and Objectives 1. To assess clinical profile of patients presenting with seizures, 2. To determine the etiological factors of seizures, 3. To evaluate role of computed tomography scan in diagnosis of seizures. Methods The present study was conducted in 100 cases of age more than 12 years and seizure onset after age of 12 years. The study included patients admitted for other medical conditions and developing seizure during hospital stay. Clinical data and CT scan brain report was collected and analyzed to derive the etiological diagnosis for the seizures. Results Mean age of the patients was 44 years, ranging from 13-90 years; with a male female ratio of 1.21. Headache, vomiting, fever were important associated non-convulsive symptoms of which headache was most common in 41% cases. click here Altered sensorium (30 cases) and focal neurological deficits (21 cases) were the most important neurological signs. Generalized tonic-clonic seizure (GTCS) was the most common type of seizure (63%) than partial seizures (37%). The aetiologies found for GTCS were alcohol abuse, CVA, infections and poisonings. In most cases of partial seizures, the aetiology was found to be brain tumour, infections and post traumatic seizures. CT brain was abnormal in 54% cases and normal in 43% cases; abnormal CT brain reports were more common in partial seizures (73%) as compared to GTCS (43%). Conclusion Imaging is the most important factors determining the aetiology of seizures so as to guide the further treatment of the patient. © Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 2011.Background Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is now considered as multisystem disorder with high cardiovascular mortality. The study was carried out with an objective to observe the pattern and variation of blood pressure (BP) using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in COPD patients. Methods Thirty six cases of COPD diagnosed by spirometry underwent ABPM for blood pressure evaluation. Thirty controls without COPD underwent spirometry and ABPM. Analysis were carried out both during wakefulness and sleep. Results Out of 36 COPD cases 25 were found to be hypertensive on ABPM, while 2 out of 30 controls were found to be hypertensive on ABPM. A significant difference was found between blood pressure levels during the wakefulness, sleep, and 24-hour BP amongst COPD cases and controls. Higher blood pressure levels were observed in COPD patients then in control, except for diastolic levels during wakefulness. The normal nocturnal dip was attenuated in COPD patients whereas physiological dip was present in controls. Conclusion COPD patients had higher blood pressure levels than the control group and had abnormal dipping pattern of blood pressure which may lead to high cardiovascular mortality in patients of COPD. © Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 2011.Background and Objectives Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVT) occurs due to occlusion of the veins and sinuses which drain the brain parenchyma. It is an uncommon form of stroke, predominantly found in young patients1 . Despite advances in the recognition of CVT in recent years, diagnosis and management can be difficult because of the diversity of underlying risk factors, presenting features and the absence of a uniform treatment approach. This study aimed to ascertain the clinical presentation, various aetiologies and prognostic indicators of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. Methodology This hospital-based descriptive study was carried out on 30 eligible patients from December 2013 to July 2015 after approval of Institutional Ethics Committee. Detailed history, clinical findings and required relevant investigations were recorded and analysed. Results CVT was commonly observed in younger persons, commonly between 21-30 years. Female Male ratio was 2.33. Altered sensorium at presentation was a poor prognostic indicator.