Blandaagesen9937
Migraine is characterized by moderate to severe recurrent headache lasting for 4-72h. Cortical hyperexcitability may play a crucial role in migraine onset. Therefore, antiepileptic drugs, such as levetiracetam, may be beneficial.
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective studies that evaluated the efficacy of levetiracetam in migraine prophylaxis. Electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, were searched for articles on migraine prophylaxis and levetiracetam published before May 2020. The main outcomes were number of patients with >50% headache frequency reduction, frequency of headache, and headache severity.
We identified 4 RCTs involving 192 patients and 4 prospective studies involving 85 patients. The overall data on number of patients with >50% headache frequency reduction, headache frequency, and headache severity were subjected to meta-analysis, which revealed significant differences between the levetiracetam and the placebo groups (risk ratio [RR] of number of patients with >50% headache frequency reduction=0.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.35 to 0.61; weighted mean difference [WMD] of headache frequency per month=-3.78, 95% CI=-5.52 to -2.03; standard mean difference [SMD] of headache severity=-2.42, 95% CI=-4.47 to -0.37).
Our study indicated that levetiracetam can significantly reduce headache frequency and severity in adults and children. Thus, oral levetiracetam can be a therapeutic option for migraine prophylaxis, especially concerning with the adverse effects or teratogenicity of other preventive treatments.
Our study indicated that levetiracetam can significantly reduce headache frequency and severity in adults and children. Thus, oral levetiracetam can be a therapeutic option for migraine prophylaxis, especially concerning with the adverse effects or teratogenicity of other preventive treatments.Hepatic disease accounts for approximately 2 million deaths/year worldwide. Liver fibrosis, as the last stage of numerous chronic liver diseases, is one of the most relevant prognostic factors. The liver biopsy with the histopathological examination is considered to be the "gold standard" for the identification and staging of the hepatic fibrosis. However, liver biopsy is known as an invasive investigation that has multiple limitations. Research studies conducted in the last few years focused on identifying non-invasive type methods for the evaluation of hepatic fibrosis; usually, there are 2 categories of such investigations serologic tests and imaging techniques. This narrative review presents the non-invasive investigation methods used in the liver fibrosis evaluation. New molecular perspectives on fibrogenesis and fibrosis regression, as well as the appearance of therapeutic antifibrotic agents, justify the necessity of non-invasive tools to detect and grade liver fibrosis.
The aim of this study was to investigate adherence to a posthypoglycemic event-monitoring policy for inpatients with diabetes mellitus receiving insulin therapy.
We analyzed point-of-care blood glucose data from noncritically ill inpatients receiving insulin therapy who had a hypoglycemic event (<70 mg/dL glucose) from January 3, 2017, through April 7, 2018. Blood glucose was measured until 2 sequential readings showed hypoglycemia resolution. An interval of 10 to 20 min between measurements was defined as compliant with policy. We calculated the median (IQR) time of each interval.
We analyzed 896 episodes of hypoglycemia in 426 patients 698 events had only 1 hypoglycemic measurement; 165 had 2 sequential hypoglycemic measurements; and 33 had 3 sequential hypoglycemic measurements. Median (IQR) times between measurements ranged from 18 (15-23) minutes to 28 (21-38) minutes. For patients with 1 hypoglycemic measurement, less than 50% of follow-up measurements were compliant. Similarly, for those with front of assessing and treating patients with hypoglycemia, should be key partners in assessing the algorithms for hypoglycemia care.Magnetic levitation (MagLev) is a well-documented, robust technique for density measurements and separations. Although the potential of MagLev as an emerging tool in biotechnology has been recently investigated, the practical use of MagLev in diagnosis and disease detection merits further attention. This review highlights the diagnostic capacity of a simple and portable MagLev system and the possibilities and limitations of the MagLev technique for density-based separation, classification, and manipulation of soft matter and biological systems (e.g., cells, proteins), which in turn may pave the way for the discovery of disease-specific biomarkers.Touch plays a crucial role in affiliative behavior and social communication. The neuropeptide oxytocin is released in response to touch and may act to facilitate the rewarding effects of social touch. However, no studies to date have determined whether oxytocin facilitates behavioral or neural responses to non-socially administered affective touch and possible differential effects of touch valence. In a functional MRI experiment using a randomized placebo-controlled, within-subject design in 40 male subjects we investigated the effects of intranasal oxytocin (24IU) on behavioral and neural responses to positive, neutral and negative valence touch administered to the arm via different types of materials at a frequency aimed to optimally stimulate C-fibers. Results showed that oxytocin significantly increased both the perceived pleasantness of touch and activation of the orbitofrontal cortex independent of touch valence. The effects of OT on touch-evoked orbitofrontal activation were also positively associated with basal oxytocin concentrations in blood. Additionally, anterior insula activity and the functional connectivity between the amygdala and right anterior insula were enhanced only in response to negative valence touch. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Decitabine.html Overall, the present study provides the first evidence that oxytocin may facilitate the rewarding effects of all types of touch, irrespective of valence.
