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An MRI scan revealed a partial tear of the abductor hallucis muscle with diffuse edema in the compartment. Under general anesthesia compartmental pressure was measured. The involved compartment's pressure was 130 mm/hg while the contralateral foot measured 10 mm/hg. Immediate fasciotomy was performed with instant pain relief. No analgesics were needed following surgery. Compartment syndrome usually develops following trauma. In unusual cases the syndrome can appear due to other causes, such as muscle tear and present with different clinical signs and rates of presentation. Exertional compartment syndrome presents in the pediatric population, but can rarely present in the foot. High clinical suspicion and awareness can help the diagnosis in challenging cases.

The Wolfson Medical Center was established forty years ago, in 1980, with the aim of providing residents of the surrounding cities with medical services of international standards. It has about 700 hospital beds. The population served by the Wolfson Medical Center numbers about one million residents, from the cities of Bat Yam, Holon, Rishon Lezion and Tel Aviv-Yafo. This population is very diverse, and includes patients of a wide age range, residents of all religions and cultures, religious and secular, people of socioeconomic and educational status from a broad spectrum, foreign workers, refugees and residents of countries from all over the world. This diversity reflects the unique challenges facing Wolfson Medical Center. As part of the activities of "Save a Child's Heart" over 5,000 children with congenital heart defects from 65 countries around the world have been operated on in Wolfson in the last 25 years. As part of the joint work with "Save a Child's Heart", the new Children's Hospital will be openoperated on in Wolfson in the last 25 years. As part of the joint work with "Save a Child's Heart", the new Children's Hospital will be opened in the coming months. In this issue, we will present works that reflect the diversity of clinical and research work at the medical center.During the year 2019, numerous research studies and other reports were published that are interesting and instructive to professionals who care for people with cystic fibrosis (CF) and their families.  This report is the third of 3 CF year in review articles and focuses on the multisystem manifestations of CF care. Previous articles have addressed cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator modulators and reports on CF pulmonary disease and airway infections. It is an exciting time to be involved in care and research that aims to improve care for people with CF and their families.Nitrate is the main source of nitrogen for plants but often distributed heterogeneously in soil. Indisulam Plants have evolved sophisticated strategies to achieve adequate nitrate by modulating the root system architecture. The nitrate acquisition system is triggered by the short mobile peptides C-TERMINALLY ENCODED PEPTIDES (CEPs) that are synthesized on the nitrate-starved roots, but induce the expression of nitrate transporters on the other nitrate-rich roots through an unclear signal transduction pathway. Here, we demonstrate that the transcription factors HBI1 and TCP20 play important roles in plant growth and development in response to fluctuating nitrate supply. HBI1 physically interacts with TCP20, and this interaction was enhanced by the nitrate starvation. HBI1 and TCP20 directly bind to the promoters of CEPs and cooperatively induce their expression. Mutation in HBIs and/or TCP20 resulted in impaired systemic nitrate acquisition response. Our solid genetic and molecular evidence strongly indicate that the HBI1-TCP20 module positively regulates the CEPs-mediated systemic nitrate acquisition.

Gingival recession is a complex phenomenon with multifactorial etiology. It is defined as the apical migration of the soft tissue margin beyond the cemento-enamel junction, thereby exposing the root surface. It results in the destruction of both soft and hard tissues.

Three patients with buccal gingival recession defects underwent surgical treatment consisting of transposition of a periosteal pedicle in conjunction with the coronally advanced flap (CAF) technique. As the cambium layer of the periosteum has greater osteoblastic potential than the fibrous layer, this study considered juxtaposing of the cambium layer directly onto the denuded root surface. A 9-month review demonstrated satisfactory root coverage; gain in clinical attachment, reduction in probing depth; and increase in width of keratinized gingiva with a good color match and minimal scarring.

Within the limits of the study, this CAF technique, in conjunction with the cambium layer of periosteum, showed a significant amount of root coverage.

Within the limits of the study, this CAF technique, in conjunction with the cambium layer of periosteum, showed a significant amount of root coverage.Demyelination occurs in response to brain injury and is observed in many neurodegenerative diseases. Myelin is synthesized from oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system, and oligodendrocyte death-induced demyelination is one of the mechanisms involved in white matter damage after stroke and neurodegeneration. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) exist in the brain of normal adults, and their differentiation into mature oligodendrocytes play a central role in remyelination. Although the differentiation and maturity of OPCs drive endogenous efforts for remyelination, the failure of axons to remyelinate is still the biggest obstacle to brain repair after injury or diseases. In recent years, studies have made attempts to promote remyelination after brain injury and disease, but its cellular or molecular mechanism is not yet fully understood. In this review, we discuss recent studies examining the demyelination process and potential therapeutic strategies for remyelination in aging and stroke. Based on our current understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying remyelination, we hypothesize that myelin and oligodendrocytes are viable therapeutic targets to mitigate brain injury and to treat demyelinating-related neurodegeneration diseases.