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This study was to assess the relationship between maternal serum zinc concentration and NTDs in offspring by conducting a meta-analysis.

We searched Pubmed, Medline and Web of Science for all English studies about the relationship between maternal serum zinc level and NTDs in offspring (published between 1 January 1975 and 1 January 2020). Pooled effect sizes with corresponding 95% CIs were calculated using a random-effect model by Revman 5.3 and Stata 15.1 software.

Eight articles met our selection criteria and a total of 187 cases and 894 controls were included in this meta-analysis. Our results showed that mothers with NTDs infants had lower serum zinc concentration than those with healthy infants (SMD= -0.77, 95%CI [-1.16, -0.37],

 = .0001,



= 73%).

Compared with mothers with healthy infants, mothers with NTDs infants have lower serum zinc levels, suggesting that low maternal serum zinc level during pregnancy is probably associated with the risk of NTDs in offspring. But the mechanism of the association remains to be ascertained by large-scale cohort studies.

Compared with mothers with healthy infants, mothers with NTDs infants have lower serum zinc levels, suggesting that low maternal serum zinc level during pregnancy is probably associated with the risk of NTDs in offspring. But the mechanism of the association remains to be ascertained by large-scale cohort studies.Objectives Define the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on pediatric palliative care team structures, communication, and workflow; and describe the roles, responsibilities, and reflections of interdisciplinary team members. Methods Cross-sectional online surveys were posted on seven professional Listservs from May 2020 to June 2020. Data were summarized descriptively and with semantic content analyses. Results N = 207 surveys were completed by pediatric palliative program representatives from 80 cities, inclusive of physicians, nurses, child life, social workers, chaplains, and psychologists. Teams consulted on less then 20% of potential or presumed COVID-19 cases in their centers. Sixty percent of personnel were deemed "essential" during the pandemic. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pexidartinib-plx3397.html One-third of personnel remained in their usual work locale, with some shifting to support adult palliative services and others working remotely. Over 60% reported a sense of team "distance" compared with "close" team cohesion, associated with physical location of team members (p  less then  0.01) and frequency of team counseling, education, or support meetings (p  less then  0.02). All programs adopted a form of telehealth for patient care, although 41% did not receive telehealth training and 73% perceived unequal care quality with virtual care. Absence of pediatric patients' family members due to visitation policies, missing human presence and physical touch, concern for personal and colleague health, and fear of financial sustainability for programs were notable stressors. Conclusions While the number of children diagnosed with COVID-19 receiving hands-on care from pediatric palliative care teams was reportedly low, the coronavirus pandemic vastly impacted pediatric palliative care team structure, daily services, and communication models warranting attentiveness to lessons learned and future direction.

In this work, we systematically evaluated the reserved alarm sounds of the IEC 60601-1-8 international medical alarm standard to determine when and how they can be totally and partially masked.

IEC 60601-1-8 gives engineers instruction for creating human-perceivable auditory medical alarms. This includes reserved alarm sounds common types of alarms where each is a tonal melody. Even when this standard is honored, practitioners still fail to hear alarms, causing practitioner nonresponse and, thus, potential patient harm. Simultaneous masking, a condition where one or more alarms is imperceptible in the presence of other concurrently sounding alarms due to limitations of the human sensory system, is partially responsible for this.

In this research, we use automated proof techniques to determine if masking can occur in a modeled configuration of medical alarms. This allows us to determine when and how reserved alarm sound can mask other reserved alarms and to explore parameters to address discovered problems.

We report the minimum number of other alarm sounds it takes to both totally and partially mask each of the high-, medium-, and low-priority alarm sounds from the standard.

Significant masking problems were found for both the total and partial masking of high-, medium-, and low-priority reserved alarm sounds.

We show that discovered problems can be mitigated by setting alarm volumes to standard values based on priority level and by randomizing the timing of alarm tones.

We show that discovered problems can be mitigated by setting alarm volumes to standard values based on priority level and by randomizing the timing of alarm tones.

To analyze the prognostic significance of the pretreatment platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) for targeted therapy in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

We conducted a retrospective study of 96 patients with EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC who were treated at Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University from May 2014 to December 2017. All patients received EGFR-targeted therapy until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or other factors. Approximately 3 days before the initial treatment, data including a detailed clinical history, physical examination, radiographic results, pathological diagnosis, and laboratory parameters including complete blood cell counts and albumin levels were evaluated.

Patients in the PLR ≥ 190 group had shorter progression-free survival (PFS) than those in the PLR < 190 group. Furthermore, the 1-year PFS rate was worse in the PLR ≥ 190 group than in the PLR< 190 group. Multivariate analysis indicated the possible role of PLR as a prognostic factor for patients with advanced NSCLC who received EGFR-targeted therapy.

Pretreatment PLR may be an independent prognostic factor for patients with NSCLC receiving EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment. Further studies are needed to identify the impact of PLR on EGFR-mutated NSCLC.

Pretreatment PLR may be an independent prognostic factor for patients with NSCLC receiving EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment. Further studies are needed to identify the impact of PLR on EGFR-mutated NSCLC.