Benderfitzsimmons5974

Since the qualitative assessment of the SMA requires only a small amount of time, it is suitable as a further criterion for the presence of the CT hypoperfusion complex.

Using computed tomography, it is possible to reliably and reproducibly detect vascular changes in SMA known from angiography in the context of hypoperfusion. The pathological vascular changes also occur more frequently than other classic signs of a CT hypoperfusion complex. Since the qualitative assessment of the SMA requires only a small amount of time, it is suitable as a further criterion for the presence of the CT hypoperfusion complex.

Suspected fractures are among the most common reasons for patients to visit emergency departments and often can be difficult to detect and analyze them on film scans. Therefore, we aimed to design a Deep Learning-based tool able to help doctors in diagnosis of bone fractures, following the hierarchical classification proposed by the Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen (AO) Foundation and the Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA).

2453 manually annotated images of proximal femur were used for the classification in different fracture types (1133 Unbroken femur, 570 type A, 750 type B). Secondly, the A type fractures were further classified into the types A1, A2, A3. Two approaches were implemented the first is a fine-tuned InceptionV3 convolutional neural network (CNN), used as a baseline for our own proposed approach; the second is a multistage architecture composed by successive CNNs in cascade, perfectly suited to the hierarchical structure of the AO/OTA classification. Gradient Class Activation M of using a CAD system based on CNN for improving diagnosis accuracy and for helping students with a lower level of expertise. We started our work with proximal femur fractures and we aim to extend it to all bone segments further in the future, in order to implement a tool that could be used in every-day hospital routine.

Measurement of the fetal brain can be achieved by different modalities, we aimed to assess the agreement between these methods and the head circumference at birth.

A retrospective study conducted between 2011-2018 at a tertiary referral medical center. Sonographic head circumference (HC), 2D MRI bi-parietal diameter (BPD) and occipito-frontal diameter (OFD), 3D MRI supra-tentorial volume (STV), and head circumference (HC) at birth were measured and converted into centiles according to gestational age. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to assess the correlation between the modalities.

A total of 88 fetuses were included. Mean gestational age at the time of fetal US and brain MRI acquisition were 34.4 ± 2.8 and 34.6 ± 2.6 weeks, respectively. A correlation was found between prenatal sonographic HC and the 3D MRI STV centiles (Rs = 0.859, p < 0.001), the BPD in 2D MRI (Rs = 0.813, p < 0.001), and the OFD in 2D MRI (Rs = 0.840, p < 0.001). Sonographic HC, OFD on 2D MRI, and STV on 3D MRI were all found to be correlated with the HC at birth (Rs = 0.865, p < 0.001; Rs 0.816, p < 0.001; Rs = 0.825, p < 0.001, respectively).

There is a statistically significant agreement among the different prenatal clinically used modalities for measuring fetal brain and the head circumference at birth, however, this correlation is not perfect. Further study is needed to investigate the long-term prognosis of these fetuses.

There is a statistically significant agreement among the different prenatal clinically used modalities for measuring fetal brain and the head circumference at birth, however, this correlation is not perfect. Further study is needed to investigate the long-term prognosis of these fetuses.

To evaluate the reproducibility of textural features of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PNENs), obtained under various CT-scanning conditions.

We included 12 patients with PNENs and 2 contrast enhanced CT (CECT) 1) from our center according to standard CT-protocol; 2) from another institution. Two radiologists independently segmented the entire neoplasm volume using a 3D region of interest by LIFEx application on the arterial phase and then copied it to the other phases. 52 texture features were calculated for each phase. As a criterion for the segmentation consistency, a value of neoplasm volume was compared using the Bland-Altman method. The Kendall concordance coefficient was calculated to assess the texture features reproducibility in three scenarios 1) different radiologists, same CECT; 2) same radiologist, different CECT; 3) different radiologists, different CECT.

For the scenario 1 the neoplasm volumes (except one large PNEN) were found within two standard deviations; this indicates high consistency of the segmentation. For the first scenario, Kendall's coefficient exceeded a threshold of 0.7 for all 52 features for all CT phases. For the second and third scenario, the concordance coefficient exceeded a threshold of 0.7 in 38, 28, 42, 45 and in 36, 25, 36, 44 features for the native, arterial, venous and delayed phases, respectively.

The highest reproducibility was found in the first scenario compared to the second and third 100 % vs. BMN673 74 % and 67 %. Reproducible texture features can be reliably used to assess the PNENs structure.

The highest reproducibility was found in the first scenario compared to the second and third 100 % vs. 74 % and 67 %. Reproducible texture features can be reliably used to assess the PNENs structure.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of metal artifact reduction using Single Energy Metal Artifact Reduction (SEMAR) and Dual Energy CT (DECT).

Six cadavers containing metal implants in the head, neck, abdomen, pelvis, and extremities were scanned with Standard, SEMAR, and DECT protocols on a 320-slice CT scanner. Four specialized radiologists blinded to acquisition methods rated severity of metal artifacts, visualization of anatomic structures, diagnostic interpretation, and image preference with a 5-point grading scale.

Scores were significantly better for SEMAR than Standard images in the hip, knee, pelvis, abdomen, and maxillofacial scans (3.25 ± 0.88 versus 2.14 ± 0.93, p < 0.001). However, new reconstruction artifacts developed in SEMAR images that were not present in Standard images. Scores for severity of metal artifacts and visualization of smooth structures were significantly better for DECT than Standard images in the cervical spine (3.50±0.50 versus 2.0±0.58, p < 0.