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This study demonstrates that the majority of pharmacists are not fully aware of the proper infection control measures needed in a community pharmacy setting. Pharmacists must play a bigger role in infection control measures to ensure staff and public health safety.

This study demonstrates that the majority of pharmacists are not fully aware of the proper infection control measures needed in a community pharmacy setting. Pharmacists must play a bigger role in infection control measures to ensure staff and public health safety.

The newly emerged coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has collapsed the entire global health care system. Due to these settings, a lot of strategic changes are adopted by healthcare facilities to ensure continuity in patient-centered services.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of structural and operational changes made in ambulatory care pharmacy services during the COVID-19 pandemic.

A retrospective comparative study was conducted to evaluate the impact and effectiveness of patient-centered interventions and consequent access to medication management care within Johns Hopkins Aramco Health Care ambulatory care pharmacy services during the COVID-19 pandemic by comparing patient-centered key performance indicators before and during COVID-19 pandemic for a total of 4 months.

As a result of the structural and operational changes made in patient-centered ambulatory care pharmacy services during the COVID-19 pandemic, a 48% prescriptions requests and 90% prescriptions fills are increased through onc has been successfully maintained via medication home delivery, remote area pickup locations, pharmacy call-center consultations and refill requests, online health portal application services, and other measures, while reducing the number of physical visits to the JHAH hospital/clinic to ensure compliance with infection control and prevention measures.

Coronavirus disease (COVID19) has adversely affected the delivery of various health services. Little is known about the impact of COVID19 on pharmacy services across the United Kingdom (UK). We surveyed community pharmacists across the UK to understand their protective practices, professional and general well-being, and the delivery of pharmacy services during the COVID19 pandemic.

Community pharmacists were invited to participate in a cross-sectional survey via the nationwide weekly newsletter of Pharmaceutical Services Negotiating Committee and the local pharmaceutical committees during the second week of May 2020. The survey remained open for 4 weeks.

A total of 206 pharmacists responded to the survey with representations from England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. The majority of pharmacists (>75% or above) reported an increase in customer traffic to their pharmacy and were asking relevant questions from patients with flu-like symptoms before signposting them to the appropriate care. Mosall community pharmacists.

Community pharmacists in the UK are facing considerable challenges in terms of personal protection and the delivery of pharmacy services. Inappropriate behaviour from patients and carers towards community pharmacists require urgent attention to ensure a safe working place for all community pharmacists.

Since the start of the new Coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak in December 2019, pharmacists worldwide are playing a key role adopting innovative strategies to minimize the adverse impact of the pandemic.

To identify and describe core services provided by the pharmacist during the COVID-19 pandemic.

A literature search was performed in MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and LILACS for studies published between December 1st, 2019 and May 20th, 2020 without language restriction. Studies that reported services provided by pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic were included. Two independent authors performed study selection and data extraction with a consensus process. The pharmacist's intervention identified in the included studies were described based on key domains in the DEPICT v.2.

A total of 1189 records were identified, of which 11 studies fully met the eligibility criteria. Most of them were conducted in the United States of America (n=4) and China (n=4). click here The most common type of publication were letters (n=4A reasonable number of studies that described the role of the pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic were found. All studies reported actions taken by pharmacists, although without providing a satisfactory description. Thus, future research with more detailed description as well as an evaluation of the impact of pharmacist intervention is needed in order to guide future actions in this and/or other pandemic.

Neonates are susceptible to postoperative wound complications (POWCs), as prematurity, hypoxia, steroid use, immunosuppression, and malnutrition are all common comorbidities. Critically ill infants, dependent on parenteral nutrition, are at even further risk of developing essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD). We hypothesized that POWC severity and EFAD were associated because of increased susceptibility to infections and impaired wound healing seen with EFAD.

Institutional review board-approved (OUHSC10554), retrospective review from our academic Level IV Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Infants aged <1y who underwent a fascial-compromising gastrointestinal surgery from June 1, 2015, to March 15, 2019, and who had essential fatty acids (EFAs) measured ±2wk from surgery were included. Three blinded investigators independently categorized POWC using the World Union of Wound Healing Society Surgical Wound Grading System. Infants were categorized into three groups no POWC, POWC Grades 1 and 2 (superficial tissue nonintegrity), and POWC Grades 3 and 4 (deep tissue nonintegrity and complete dehiscence). EFA status and other possible POWC-associated factors were analyzed to determine any association with wound severity.

Fifty infants met the inclusion criteria. Half (25/50) had no POWC, 30% (15/50) had Grade 1 or 2, and 20% (10/50) had Grade 3 or 4. We found no association between EFAD and POWC severity.

In our cohort, EFA status did not predict POWC severity. At this time, we cannot suggest delaying elective surgical procedures to correct EFAD as an approach to preventing POWC.

In our cohort, EFA status did not predict POWC severity. At this time, we cannot suggest delaying elective surgical procedures to correct EFAD as an approach to preventing POWC.

Breast cancer (BC) is common cancer in female globally. Sevoflurane (SEV) has been reported to inhibit the metastasis of multiple cancers, including glioma, colorectal cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the role of SEV in the metastasis of BC cells remains poorly understood.

Transwell migration and invasion assays were performed to detect the migration and invasion of BC cells. Western blot assay was carried out to measure epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins in BC cells, including E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and fibronectin. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was conducted to determine the enrichment of miR-139-5p and ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) in BC tissues and cells. The protein expression of ARF6 in BC tissues and cells was measured by western blot assay. The target of miR-139-5p was predicted by starBase software, and the target relationship between miR-139-5p and ARF6 in BC cells was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay.

SEV suppressed the mig5p/ARF6 axis might be a promising target for the treatment of BC.

SEV suppressed the migration, invasion, and EMT of BC cells through downregulating the abundance of ARF6 by upregulating miR-139-5p. The miR-139-5p/ARF6 axis might be a promising target for the treatment of BC.Approaching mental health on a global scale with particular reference to low- and mid-income countries raises issues concerning the disregard of the local context and values and the imposition of values characteristic of the Global North. Seeking a philosophical viewpoint to surmount these problems, the present paper argues for a value-laden framework for psychiatry with the specific incorporation of value pluralism, particularly in relation to the Global South context, while also emphasizing personal values such as the choice of treatment. In sketching out this framework, the paper aims to overcome the clash between universalism and relativism about psychiatric categories by focusing on how overlaps between cultures can contribute to ontology-building. A case study analyzing ethnopsychiatric research in the context of South India will illustrate the proposed view, while also pointing out avenues for further research on the causal efficacy of local shared beliefs about mental disorder. If approaches across different traditions and theoretical frames are shown to work in treating similar ailments, causal connections appear to cut across the different ontologies. Ethnopsychiatry would play a central role in such research, namely in disclosing the variables and mechanisms at work within the local approaches.

To develop and validate a clinical nomogram for individualized predicting hematoma expansion (HE) in patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH).

A total of 1025 patients with ICH were retrospectively enrolled in the development cohort between 2010 and 2016. We identified and integrated significant factors for HE to build a nomogram. The model was subjected to validation with a separate cohort of 397 patients from the 2017-2019. The predictive accuracy and discriminative ability were measured by concordance index (C-index). The primary outcome was HE, defined as hematoma growth more than 6mL or 33% increase in the volume.

A total of 1025 patients were included for univariable analysis. HE occurred in 180 patients (17.6%). The time to initial CT (≤6h vs. >6h; p=0.001), NIHSS score (0-4 vs. 5-14 vs. ≥15; p=0.031), CTA spot sign (yes vs. no vs. absent; p=0.018), hypodensities (p=0.000), blend sign (p=0.005), and INR (<1.2 vs. ≥1.2; p=0.009) were identified and entered into the nomogram. The calibration curves for probability of HE showed optimal agreement between nomogram prediction and actual observation. The C-index was 0.751. The validation cohort consisted of 397 patients and HE occurred in 78 patients (19.6%). The C-index was 0.743.

We developed and validated a nomogram that can individually predict HE for ICH in Chinese populations. This practical prognostic nomogram may help clinicians make decision of clinical practice and design of clinical studies.

We developed and validated a nomogram that can individually predict HE for ICH in Chinese populations. This practical prognostic nomogram may help clinicians make decision of clinical practice and design of clinical studies.The present study is aiming to describe clinical characteristics, surgical flowchart and treatment results of eleven adolescent patients with primary aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) of sacrum and review in the literature. We retrospectively reviewed eleven young patients with sacral primary ABC, which had the intact clinical and follow-up information at our bone tumor center from 2001 to 2018. The literature review was based on Google Scholar, Medline, EMBASE and Pubmed databases. The search was performed using terms of "aneurysmal bone cyst", "sacral tumor", "sacrum tumor" "spine tumor" and "spinal tumor" for the literature review from 1998 to 2019. There were six male and five female with a mean age of 13 years old at the presentation. The mean follow-up duration was 6.5 years. No patient died of disease and had the pulmonary metastasis. Two patients had wound complications, including onesurgical site infection and one wound dehiscence. No patient had the local recurrence and neurologic deficit. In the literature review, 11 articles were reviewed and 45 cases with sacral primary ABC were included.