Barronkofoed9852

In this paper, a one-pot facile route for the BiCl3/RuCl3-mediated synthesis of functionalized flavones is described, including (i) intermolecular ortho-acylation of substituted phenols with cinnamoyl chlorides, and (ii) intramolecular cyclodehydrogenation of the resulting o-hydroxychalcones. The reaction conditions are discussed herein.A simple 1,8-naphthalimide based Schiff base probe (E)-6-((4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino)-2-(2-morpholinoethyl)-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione (NDSM) has been designed and synthesized for the specific detection of Fe3+ based on a fluorimetric mode. The absorbance of NDSM at 360 nm increased significantly in acetonitrile  water (7  3, v/v) medium only in the presence of Fe3+ ions with a visible colour change from yellow to golden yellow. Likewise, fluorescence emission intensity at 531 nm was almost wholly quenched in the presence of Fe3+. However, other competitive ions influenced insignificantly or did not affect the optical properties of NDSM. Lysosome targetability was expected from NDSM due to the installation of a basic morpholine unit. The LOD was found to be 0.8 μM with a response time of seconds. The fluorescence reversibility of NDSM + Fe3+ was established with complexing agent EDTA. Fe3+ influences the optical properties of NDSM by complexing with it, which blocks C[double bond, length as m-dash]N isomerization in addition to the ICT mechanism. The real-time application of Fe3+ was demonstrated in test paper-based detection, by the construction of a molecular logic gate, quantification of Fe3+ in water samples and fluorescence imaging of Fe3+.Opioid abuse is a significant public health problem. Over two million Americans have some form of addiction to opioids; however, despite governmental programs established to treat overdoses and restrict opioid distribution, there are still few screening tools that are quantitative, portable and easy to use for high-throughput mapping and monitoring this ongoing crisis. In this paper, we demonstrated a plasmonic zinc oxide (ZnO) arrays-on-silicon sensor for the label-free detection of opioids through surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and evaluated the chips' opioid sensing performance. Specifically, we tested our device with oxycodone, a potent and commonly abused opioid, dissolved in methanol and blood serum as a proof-of-concept study. Ag particles were in situ patterned onto the ZnO array to form the completed sensing platform. The resulting Ag@ZnO arrays were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDS), and element mapping. In addition, the enhanced electric field induced by the localized surface plasmonic resonance at the Ag particle decorated ZnO is simulated using COMSOL. Opioid-containing samples at varying concentrations, from 900 μg mL-1 to 90 ng mL-1 were tested using SERS to characterize the chip's accuracy and sensitivity. We demonstrated that the sensor can reliably detect opioid concentrations as low as 90 ng mL-1 with great accuracy and sensitivity even spiked into blood serum. this website The chips could provide a cost-effective, high-throughput method for detecting opiate oxycodone, thereby providing a powerful tool to monitor and control the emerging public health threats.Herein, catalytic application of a metal-free sulfonic acid functionalized reduced graphene oxide (SA-rGO) material is reported for the synthesis of both carboxylic acids and their bioisosteres, 5-substituted-1H-tetrazoles. SA-rGO as a catalytic material incorporates the intriguing properties of graphene oxide material with additional benefits of highly acidic sites due to sulfonic acid groups. The oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids could be efficiently achieved using H2O2 as a green oxidant with high TOF values (9.06-9.89 h-1). The 5-substituted-1H-tetrazoles could also be effectively synthesized with high TOF values (12.08-16.96 h-1). The synthesis of 5-substituted-1H-tetrazoles was corroborated by single crystal X-ray analysis and computational calculations of the proposed reaction mechanism which correlated well with experimental findings. Both of the reactions could be performed efficiently at gram scale (10 g) using the SA-rGO catalyst. SA-rGO displays eminent reusability up to eight runs without significant decrease in its productivity. Thus, these features make SA-rGO riveting from an industrial perspective.Dabbing and vaping cannabis extracts have gained large popularity in the United States as alternatives to cannabis smoking, but diversity in both available products and consumption habits make it difficult to assess consumer exposure to psychoactive ingredients and potentially harmful components. This work studies the how relative ratios of the two primary components of cannabis extracts, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and terpenes, affect dosage of these and exposure to harmful or potentially harmful components (HPHCs). THC contains a monoterpene moiety and has been previously shown to emit similar volatile degradation products to terpenes when vaporized. Herein, the major thermal degradation mechanisms for THC and β-myrcene are elucidated via analysis of their aerosol gas phase products using automated thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with the aid of isotopic labelling and chemical mechanism modelling. Four abundant products - isoprene, 2-methyl-2-butene, 3-methylcrotonaldehyde, and 3-methyl-1-butene - are shown to derive from a common radical intermediate for both THC and β-myrcene and these products comprise 18-30% of the aerosol gas phase. The relative levels of these four products are highly correlated with applied power to the e-cigarette, which indicates formation of these products is temperature dependent. Vaping THC-β-myrcene mixtures with increasing % mass of β-myrcene is correlated with less degradation of the starting material and a product distribution suggestive of a lower aerosolization temperature. By contrast, dabbing THC-β-myrcene mixtures with increasing % mass of β-myrcene is associated with higher levels of HPHCs, and isotopic labelling showed this is due to increased reactivity of β-myrcene relative to THC.An efficient rhodium(iii)-catalyzed C-H activation followed by intermolecular annulation between enamides and sulfoxonium ylides has been developed. The transformation proceeds smoothly with a broad range of substrates, affording a series of isoquinoline derivatives in moderate to good yields under additive-free conditions.Cupronickel alloys have been broadly utilized in various fields due to their excellent properties. In this paper, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) curves were used to study the impact of different Mn contents on the corrosion resistance of 90/10 cupronickel alloy. Surface morphology, electronic structure, and phase composition of the film formed on different Mn content 90/10 cupronickel alloy immersed in 3.5% NaCl solution for 30 days were investigated using SEM, EDS, Mott-Schottky, XRD, XPS, etc., revealing that adding an appropriate amount of Mn to the 90/10 cupronickel alloy can change the corrosion resistance of the alloy. The corrosion resistance first increases and then decreases with the addition of Mn content. Among them, the sample with 0.87% Mn addition has the best corrosion resistance, the corrosion product film is more complete, no cracks appear, and the corrosion product binding force is stronger. The addition of Mn promotes the filling of cation vacancies by Ni and generates more NiO, which enhances the stability of the corrosion product film.Hexaarylbenzene-based molecules find potential applications in organic electronics due to wider energy gap, high HOMO level, higher photoconductivity, electron-rich nature, and high hole-transporting property. Due to the unique propeller structure, these molecules show low susceptibility towards self-aggregation. This property can be tailored by proper molecular engineering by the incorporation of appropriate groups. Therefore, hexaarylbenzene chromophores are widely used as the materials for high-efficiency light-emitting materials, charge transport materials, host materials, redox materials, photochemical switches, and molecular receptors. This review highlights the diverse structural modification techniques used for the synthesis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical structures. Also, the potential applications of these molecules in organic light-emitting diodes, organic field-effect transistors, organic photovoltaics, organic memory devices, and logic circuits are discussed.Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) leaves undergo complex chemical transformations during black tea processing. However, the dynamic chemical changes during tea processing have not been explored in popular cultivars of North East India. In this study, changes in catechins, caffeine, total polyphenol (TP) and formation of theaflavins were examined throughout the different stages of CTC (curl, tear and crush) black tea processing based on UPLC metabolomic analysis along with antioxidant activity for eight cultivars viz. S.3A/3, TV1, TV7, TV9, TV17, TV22, TV23 and TV25. The results demonstrated that the most prolific changes were observed after complete maceration of tea leaves. The total catechin, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate and (-)-epicatechin gallate levels decreased by 96, 97 and 89%, respectively as the processing progressed from fresh leaves to black tea. The TP level decreased by 26 to 37% throughout the processing path. The caffeine content increased by 18% during processing. The total theaflavin reached the highest level at 20 min of fermentation and then decreased by 13 to 36% at 40 min. Cultivar TV23 and S.3A/3 had a high content of total theaflavin with 17.9 and 16.9 mg g-1, respectively. The antioxidant activity was observed to be decreased by 31% for the black tea as compared to fresh leaves. It is also observed that the total phenolic content exerted a greater effect on antioxidant activity rather than catechins and theaflavins. This study provides an insightful observation of black tea processing which will immensely help in improving the quality of processed tea.Calcium, phosphate, and magnesium are essential nutrients for plant growth. The in situ determination of these nutrients is an important task for monitoring them in a closed hydroponic system where the nutrient elements need to be individually quantified based on ion-selective electrode (ISE) sensing. The accuracy issue of calcium ISEs due to interference, drift, and ionic strength, and the unavailability of phosphate and magnesium ISEs makes the development of these ion detecting tools hard to set up in a hydroponic system. This study modeled and evaluated a smart tool for recognising three ions (calcium, phosphate, and magnesium) based on the automatic multivariate standard addition method (AMSAM) and deep kernel learning (DKL) model. The purpose was to improve the accuracy of calcium ISEs, determining phosphate through cobalt electrochemistry, and soft sensing of magnesium ions. The model provided better performance in on-site detecting and measuring those ions in a lettuce hydroponic system achieving root mean square errors (RMSEs) of 12.