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We present a blood ethanol concentration compartment model which utilizes an animal's ethanol intake, food intake, and weight to predict the animal's blood ethanol concentration at any given time. By incorporating the food digestion process into the model we can predict blood ethanol concentration levels over time for a variety of drinking and eating scenarios. The model is calibrated and validated using data from cohorts of male monkeys, and is able to capture blood ethanol concentration kinetics of the monkeys from a variety of drinking behavior classifications.

Women with anorexia nervosa (AN) act as if they have a larger body, as evidenced in obstacle avoidance tasks, where an allocentric perspective is adopted. This alteration emerges not only when they perform, but also when they imagine movements. However, no previous study has investigated own body centered tasks. As such, in this study we aim at documenting if women with AN show an altered behaviour also when the task requires a first-person perspective.

We explored the performance of eleven woman affected by AN compared to eighteen matched controls, in two motor imagery tasks based on a self-frame of reference, the Hand Laterality Task and the Mental Motor Chronometry Task. Moreover, two control tasks relative to visual imagery were administered.

In the Hand Laterality Task, affected participants did not adopt a motor strategy to judge hands laterality (i.e. no biomechanical constraints effect). Crucially, they also showed an altered behavior in the control task. Similarly, they did not show the expectelain such an altered imagery in AN.

To implement a cardiovascular screening tool in a hospital unit for high-risk pregnant women to determine if additional testing and specialty consultation were indicated.

Quality improvement project.

High-risk obstetrics unit of a U.S. Midwest 127-bed specialty hospital.

Women ages 19 years and older who were admitted to the high-risk obstetric care unit during February and March of 2020; staff registered nurses assigned to the women completed the screening tool upon women's admission to the unit.

Nursing implementation of a cardiovascular screening tool in women hospitalized on a high-risk unit. The Iowa Model of Evidence-Based Care was used for implementation to recruit staff, guide the intervention of the screening tool, and collect and analyze the data.

In a 2-month period of time, the cardiovascular screening tool was completed for 31 women. Four of the 31 women screened positive, indicating the need for clinicians to consider further testing and/or specialty consultation. The intervention identified pregnant women requiring additional interventions including testing and/or specialty consultation, which may not have occurred without the screening triggering such need.

Further research is needed to validate if routine screening of pregnant women using a cardiovascular screening tool will improve long-term outcomes for pregnant women.

Further research is needed to validate if routine screening of pregnant women using a cardiovascular screening tool will improve long-term outcomes for pregnant women.

The authors implemented an explainable machine learning (ML) model to gain insight into the association between cardiac magnetic resonance markers and adverse outcomes of cardiovascular hospitalization and all-cause death (composite endpoint) in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NICM).

Risk stratification of patients with NICM remains challenging. An explainable ML model has the potential to provide insight into the contributions of different risk markers in the prediction model.

An explainable ML model based on extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) machines was developed using cardiac magnetic resonance and clinical parameters. The study cohorts consist of patients with NICM from 2 academic medical centers Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) and Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH), with 328 and 214 patients, respectively. XGBoost was trained on 70% of patients from the BIDMC cohort and evaluated based on the other 30% as internal validation. The model was externally validated usin ML-based risk prediction model has the potential to identify patients with NICM at risk for cardiovascular hospitalization and all-cause death. RV ejection fraction, end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes (as indicators of RV dysfunction and remodeling) were determined to be major risk markers.

In patients with severe primary mitral regurgitation (MR), the indication for surgery is currently based on the presence of symptoms, left ventricular dilatation and dysfunction, atrial fibrillation, and pulmonary hypertension.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic impact of the presence of extra-mitral valve cardiac involvement (including known risk factors but also severe left atrial [LA] dilatation and right ventricular [RV] dysfunction) in a large multicenter study of patients with primary MR.

Patients with severe primary MR undergoing surgery were included and categorized according to the extent (highest) of cardiac involvement group 0, no cardiac involvement; group 1, left ventricular involvement; group 2, LA involvement; group 3, pulmonary vasculature or tricuspid valve involvement; or group 4, RV involvement. The outcome was all-cause mortality.

A total of 1,106 patients were included (mean age 63 ± 12 years, 68% male). In total, 377 patients (34%) were classified in group 0, 23atation and RV dysfunction in the assessment.

The aim of this study was to compare the costs of a noninvasive cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-guided strategy versus 2 invasive strategies with and without fractional flow reserve (FFR).

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major contributor to the public health burden. Stress perfusion CMR has excellent accuracy to detect CAD. International guidelines recommend as a first step noninvasive testing of patients in stable condition with known or suspected CAD. However, nonadherence in routine clinical practice is high.

In the EuroCMR (European Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance) registry (n=3,647, 59 centers, 18 countries) and the U.S.-based SPINS (Stress-CMR Perfusion Imaging in the United States) registry (n=2,349, 13 centers, 11 states), costs were calculated for 12 health care systems (8 in Europe, the United States, 2 in Latin America, and 1 in Asia). Costs included diagnostic examinations (CMR and x-ray coronary angiography [CXA] with and without FFR), revascularizations, and complications during 1-y01 vs 0 in all groups).

In 12 health care systems, a CMR+CXA strategy yielded consistent moderate to high cost savings compared with a hypothetical CXA+FFR strategy over the entire spectrum of risk. Cost savings were consistently high compared with CXA only for all risk groups.

In 12 health care systems, a CMR+CXA strategy yielded consistent moderate to high cost savings compared with a hypothetical CXA+FFR strategy over the entire spectrum of risk. Cost savings were consistently high compared with CXA only for all risk groups.

Bioprosthetic valve thrombosis may have implications for valve function and durability.

Using a novel glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor radiotracer 18F-GP1, we investigated whether positron emission tomography (PET)-computed tomography (CT) could detect thrombus formation on bioprosthetic aortic valves.

Exvivo experiments were performed on human platelets and explanted bioprosthetic aortic valves. In a prospective cross-sectional study, patients with either bioprosthetic or normal native aortic valves underwent echocardiography, CT angiography, and 18F-GP1 PET-CT.

Flow cytometric analysis, histology, immunohistochemistry, and autoradiography demonstrated selective binding of 18F-GP1 to activated platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptors and thrombus adherent to prosthetic valves. In total, 75 participants were recruited 53 with bioprosthetic valves (median time from implantation 37months [IQR 12-80 months]) and 22 with normal native aortic valves. Three participants had obstructive valve thrombosis, and aing on bioprosthetic aortic valves. 18F-GP1 uptake is higher in the presence of thrombus, regresses with anticoagulation, and has potential use as an adjunctive clinical tool. (18F-GP1 PET-CT to Detect Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Thrombosis; NCT04073875).

Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and end-systolic volume (ESV) remain the main imaging biomarkers for post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI) risk stratification. However, they are limited to global systolic function and fail to capture functional and anatomical regional abnormalities, hindering their performance in risk stratification.

This study aimed to identify novel 3-dimensional (3D) imaging end-systolic (ES) shape and contraction descriptors toward risk-related features and superior prognosis in AMI.

A multicenter cohort of AMI survivors (n=1,021; median age 63 years; 74.5% male) who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) at a median of 3days after infarction were considered for this study. The clinical endpoint was the 12-month rate of major adverse cardiac events (MACE; n=73), consisting of all-cause death, reinfarction, and new congestive heart failure. A fully automated pipeline was developed to segment CMR images, build 3D statistical models of shape and contraction in AMI, and fS shape and contraction, enabled by a fully automated pipeline, improves post-AMI risk prediction and identifies shape and contraction patterns related to MACE occurrence.

The pathophysiological and clinical significance of microvascular dysfunction (MVD) in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains uncertain.

The aim of this study was to use cardiovascular magnetic resonance to 1) quantify coronary microvascular function; 2) examine the relationship between perfusion and fibrosis; and 3) evaluate the impact of MVD and fibrosis on long-term clinical outcomes.

In a prospective, observational study, patients with HFpEF and control subjects underwent multiparametric cardiovascular magnetic resonance (comprising assessment of left ventricular volumetry, perfusion, and fibrosis [focal by late gadolinium enhancement and diffuse by extracellular volume]). The primary endpoint was the composite of death or hospitalization with heart failure.

One hundred and one patients with HFpEF (mean age 73 ± 9 years, mean ejection fraction 56% ± 5%) and 43 control subjects (mean age 73 ± 5 years, mean ejection fraction 58% ± 5%) were studied. Myocardial pen these entities. (Developing Imaging and Plasma Biomarkers in Describing HeartFailure With Preserved Ejection Fraction [DIAMONDHFpEF]; NCT03050593).

MVD is highly prevalent among patients with HFpEF and is an independent predictor of prognosis. The lack of correlation between MVD and fibrosis may challenge the assertion of a direct causal link between these entities. (Developing Imaging and Plasma Biomarkers in Describing Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction [DIAMONDHFpEF]; NCT03050593).

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) navigation to achieve percutaneous screw fixation (PSF) of pelvic bone metastases (PBM).

Thirty-five consecutive patients (12 men and 23 women; mean age, 62±11.3 [SD]; range 39-89 years) treated between 2019 and 2021 were retrospectively included. CBCT navigation software was systematically used. Manual drawing of the entry point (MDEP) was performed when CBCT automatic positioning failed. Influence of metastasis pattern, ablation, body mass index, number of screws, and MDEP on procedure duration (PD) and total Air Kerma (AK) was evaluated. Local pain was assessed before, one and six months after treatment. Variables were compared using Pearson correlation, Student t and Wilcoxon tests.

Seventy-five screws were inserted successfully (mean 2.1±1.1 [SD]; range 1-5 per patient). CBCT automatic positioning was obtained for 41 screws (55%, 41/75), whereas 34 (45%, 34/75) required MDEP. TC-S 7009 in vivo Mean procedure duration, fluoroscopy time, kerma air product and AK were 73.