Bakercreech0682

Our results suggest that Twist1 induced VM through Claudin15 suppression in TNBC, and Twist1 inhibition of Claudin15 might involve Claudin18 and Jun expression.Background Lymph nodes metastasis (LNM) and distant metastasis (DM) are important prognostic factors in colorectal cancer (CRC) and determine the following treatment approaches. We aimed to find clinicopathological factors associated with LNM and DM, and analyze the prognosis of CRC patients with T1 stage. Methods A total of 17 516 eligible patients with T1 CRC were retrospectively enrolled in the study based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database during 2004-2016. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for LNM and DM. Unadjusted and adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were used to identify prognostic factors for overall survival. We performed the cumulative incidence function (CIF) to further determine the prognostic role of LNM and DM in colorectal cancer-specific death (CCSD). LNM, DM, and OS nomogram were constructed based on these models and evaluated by the C-index and calibration plots for discrimination and accuracy, respectively. The clinicl decisions, before clinical management.Peripheral lung lesions treated with a single fraction of stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) utilizing volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) delivery and flattening filter-free (FFF) beams represent a potentially high-risk scenario for clinically significant dose blurring effects due to interplay between the respiratory motion of the lesion and dynamic multi-leaf collimators (MLCs). The aim of this study was to determine an efficient means of developing low-modulation VMAT plans in the Eclipse treatment planning system (v15.5, Varian Medical Systems, Palo Alto, USA) in order to minimize this risk, while maintaining dosimetric quality. The study involved 19 patients where an internal target volume (ITV) was contoured to encompass the entire range of tumor motion, and a planning target volume (PTV) created using a 5-mm isotropic expansion of this contour. Each patient had seven plan variations created, with each rescaled to achieve the clinical planning goal for PTV coverage. All plan variations used the same field arrangement, and consisted of one dynamic conformal arc therapy (DCAT) plan, and six VMAT plans with varying degrees of modulation restriction, achieved through utilizing different combinations of the aperture shape controller (ASC) in the calculation parameters, and monitor unit (MU) objective during optimization. The dosimetric quality was assessed based on RTOG conformity indices (CI100/CI50), as well as adherence to dose-volume metrics used clinically at our institution. Plan complexity was assessed based on the modulation factor (MU/cGy) and the field edge metric. While VMAT plans with the least modulation restriction achieved the best dosimetry, it was found that there was no clinically significant trade-off in terms of dose to organs at risk and conformity by reducing complexity. Furthermore, it was found that utilizing the ASC and MU objective could reduce plan complexity to near-DCAT levels with improved dosimetry, which may be sufficiently robust to overcome the interplay effect.Plastic polarization of macrophage is involved in tumorigenesis. A922500 M1-polarized macrophage mediates rapid inflammation, entity clearance and may also cause inflammation-induced mutagenesis. M2-polarized macrophage inhibits rapid inflammation but can promote tumour aggravation. ω-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-derived metabolites show a strong anti-inflammatory effect because they can skew macrophage polarization from M1 to M2. However, their role in tumour promotive M2 macrophage is still unknown. Resolvin D1 and D2 (RvD1 and RvD2) are docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-derived docosanoids converted by 15-lipoxygenase then 5-lipoxygenase successively. We found that although dietary DHA can inhibit prostate cancer in vivo, neither DHA (10 μmol/L) nor RvD (100 nmol/L) can directly inhibit the proliferation of prostate cancer cells in vitro. Unexpectedly, in a cancer cell-macrophage co-culture system, both DHA and RvD significantly inhibited cancer cell proliferation. RvD1 and RvD2 inhibited tumour-associated macrophage (TAM or M2d) polarization. Meanwhile, RvD1 and RvD2 also exhibited anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting LPS-interferon (IFN)-γ-induced M1 polarization as well as promoting interleukin-4 (IL-4)-mediated M2a polarization. These differential polarization processes were mediated, at least in part, by protein kinase A. These results suggest that regulation of macrophage polarization using RvDs may be a potential therapeutic approach in the management of prostate cancer.The scope of any metal oxide as a catalyst for driving electrocatalytic reactions depends on its electronic structure, which is correlated to its oxygen-defect density. Likewise, to transform a spinel oxide, such as cobalt ferrite (CoFe2 O4 ), into a worthy universal-pH, bifunctional electrocatalyst for the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions (HER and OER, respectively), oxygen defects need to be regulated. Prepared by coprecipitation and inert calcination at 650 °C, CoFe2 O4 nanoparticles (NPs) require 253 and 300 mV OER overpotentials to reach current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm-2 , respectively, if nickel foam is used as a substrate. With cost-effective carbon fiber paper, the OER overpotential increases to 372 mV at 10 mA cm-2 at pH 14. The NPs prepared at 550 °C require HER overpotentials of 218, 245, and 314 mV at -10 mA cm-2 in alkaline, acidic, and neutral pH, respectively. The intrinsic activity is reflected from turnover frequencies of >3 O2 s-1 and >5 H2 s-1 at overpotentials of 398 and 259 mV, respectively. If coupled for overall water splitting, the extremely durable two-electrode electrolyzer requires a cell potential of only 1.63 V to reach 10 mA cm-2 at pH 14. The homologous couple also splits seawater at impressively low cell voltages of 1.72 and 1.47 V at room temperature and 80 °C, respectively.The increasing application of new ionic liquids (IL) creates the need of liquid-liquid equilibria data for both miscible and quasi-immiscible systems. In this study, equilibrium concentrations at different temperatures for ionic liquid+water two-phase systems were modeled using a Quantitative-Structure-Property Relationship (QSPR) method. Data on equilibrium concentrations were taken from the ILThermo Ionic Liquids database, curated and used to make models that predict the weight fraction of water in ionic liquid rich phase and ionic liquid in the aqueous phase as two separate properties. The major modeling challenge stems from the fact that each single IL is characterized by several data points, since equilibrium concentrations are temperature dependent. Thus, new approaches for the detection of potential data point outliers, testing set selection, and quality prediction have been developed. Training set comprised equilibrium concentration data for 67 and 68 ILs in case of water in IL and IL in water modeling, respectively. SiRMS, MOLMAPS, Rcdk and Chemaxon descriptors were used to build Random Forest models for both properties. Models were subjected to the Y-scrambling test for robustness assessment. The best models have also been validated using an external test set that is not part of the ILThermo database. A two-phase equilibrium diagram for one of the external test set IL is presented for better visualization of the results and potential derivation of tie lines.Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization in-source decay (MALDI-ISD) causes the selective cleavage of Cα -C peptide bonds when an oxidizing matrix is used, and the fragmentation involves the hydrogen abstraction from a peptide by a matrix. The hydrogen abstraction from either an amide nitrogen or β-carbon atom has been proposed to be the initial step leading to the Cα -C bond cleavage. In this regard, the production of [a]+ fragments originated upon bond cleavage at the C-terminal side of phenylglycine residues strongly suggested that that the Cα -C bond cleavage occurred through a nitrogen-centered radical intermediate and that the fragmentation through a β-carbon-centered radical intermediate can be ruled out from the MALDI-ISD process, because phenylglycine residues do not contain β-carbon atoms. The Cα -C bond cleavage of such nitrogen-centered radical initially produced an [a]•/[x - H] fragment pair, and then the [a]• radical either reacted with the matrix or underwent loss of the side-chain, leading to [a - H] or [d - H] fragment. The Cα -C bond cleavage at the C-terminal side of phenylglycine and phenylalanine residues only generated [a]+ fragments, whereas that of homophenylalanine and S-methylated cysteine residues provided both [a]+ and [d]+ fragments. The yield of [d]+ fragments was dependent on the chemical stability of the resultant radicals formed upon side-chain loss. MALDI-ISD produced [M - H + matrix]+ , [M - 16 + H]+ , [M - 32 + H]+ , and [d]+ fragments, when the analyte peptide contained a methionine residue. These fragments were formed upon abstraction of a hydrogen atom from the side-chain of a methionine residue and its subsequent reaction with the matrix. The oxidation of methionine residues suppressed the hydrogen abstraction from their side-chain.Background The aim of this study was to assess chemotherapy-induced polyneuropathy (CIPN) 5 years after adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast and colorectal cancer. The association of CIPN with quality of life, anxiety, and depression was analyzed. Methods Of a set of 100 patients with breast cancer and of 74 with colorectal cancer who had undergone surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy in 2011-2012, 80 and 52 patients alive, respectively, were included together with two reference groups of 249 breast cancer patients and 83 colorectal cancer patients who had undergone surgery only. All patients were sent a questionnaire on alcohol consumption, smoking habits, comorbidity, medicine consumption, and oxaliplatin-specific questions, as well as the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument questionnaire (MNSIq), the Douleur Neuropathique 4 Questions (DN4q), the EQ-5D, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Possible polyneuropathy was defined as the presence of numbness and/or tingling in the feet, secondly as a score of ≥4 on the MNSIq. Possible painful polyneuropathy was defined as pain in both feet and a score ≥3 on the DN4q. Results The prevalence of possible polyneuropathy defined by numbness and/or tingling in the feet was 38.8% (28.1-50.3) after adjuvant docetaxel and 57.7% (43.2-71.3) after adjuvant oxaliplatin, with no significant difference from a previous 1-year follow-up (P >.35). Fewer had possible polyneuropathy as defined by the MNSIq. Patients with possible polyneuropathy after adjuvant chemotherapy reported significantly lower quality of life than patients treated with surgery only. Conclusion Symptoms of polyneuropathy following adjuvant docetaxel and oxaliplatin persist 5 years after treatment and affect quality of life negatively.Objective The primary objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) versus moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and usual care (UC) on cardiorespiratory fitness (peak V̇O2 ) in cancer patients and survivors. Secondary objectives were to compare the effects of HIIT versus MICT and UC on other cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) indices. Safety and adherence to HIIT were also evaluated. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials were undertaken using eligible studies from electronic database searching (inception-December 2019). Mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were compared and heterogeneity assessed using Cochran's Q and I2 statistic. Results Twelve eligible studies included 516 participants with post-intervention CPET data. No serious adverse events occurred. Adherence to HIIT ranged between 71.2% and 95.6%. HIIT had significantly higher peak V̇O2 compared with UC (MD = 2.