Aguirrecompton1282

The gut microbiome is a compound for millions of microorganisms that coexist in an organized way and contribute to the fermentation of different types of indigestible fibers by the small intestine. Some techniques, such as the massive sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene, have made it possible to obtain information about the abundance and functionality of the microorganisms that compose the equine gut microbiome and the interaction with their environment. Recent studies have identified the change in the composition of the intestinal microbiome during and after a colic episode, although is not clear if it is a cause or a consequence. The objective of this review was to elucidate whether there is a direct relationship between the changes that occur in the gut microbiome and colic in the equine. A systematized search in Embase, Web of Science, and PubMed was realized. Although there is good evidence that horses with colic have a change in their gut microbiome, it is not fully understood whether these changes are causes or effects. It is necessary to delve into this topic, considering studying larger population sizes. In addition, it would be of great value to previously know the normal intestinal microbiome of a group of healthy horses, which in the future could develop an episode of colic, to compare the before and after in the same individual.Theanine is a naturally occurring amino acid, including two forms D-theanine and L-theanine. L-theanine is the most common nonprotein amino acid and is soluble in water. Theanine can be found in some plants, such as green tea and some mushrooms. Under stress conditions, theanine is proposed to be a naturally effective additive in preventing reactive oxygen species, thus reducing oxidative stress. In addition, as an immune booster in animal bodies, L-theanine can be applied in the diet to help animals improve their performance, especially their immunity during stress conditions. The digestion of L-theanine improves γδ T cell growth and development. Thus, it is considered an essential compound in boosting the immune function. Moreover, the immune function of L-theanine is also shown in immune-related organs through increasing their weights. Theanine seems to be widely used in pigs, mice, and humans. However, the study of theanine in poultry species is scarce. Therefore, to fill the knowledge gap regarding the use of theanine in enhancing poultry immunity, this study aims to synthesize all information on the application of theanine in poultry, focusing on its immune-boosting role.

Ureteral ectopy is a congenital anomaly, affecting young dogs, predominantly bitches. The main complication of the disease is urinary incontinence, which leads to low life quality for both animals and their owners. However, only two less invasive surgical management options are reported. Laser ablation is quite popular, while monopolar electrocautery use is very rare.

A 3-month and 1-week-old, 1.7 kg female Poodle was admitted to the Vetamicus clinic with severe urinary incontinence and moisture-associated dermatitis. After diagnosing intramural ectopy type during computed tomography scan and video cystoscopy, a search for surgical management options began. We proceeded with the monopolar cauterization technique, where a semirigid Karl Storz monopolar coagulating ball electrode is used to cut a mucous membrane partition between the ureter and urinary bladder. No complications occurred during or after the surgery. Ureter successfully healed and full continence was achieved together with sporadically using phenylpropanolamine syrup.

The present case indicates that monopolar electrocautery use in intramural ectopy type management and possibly other urinary tract pathologies might be strongly beneficial.

The present case indicates that monopolar electrocautery use in intramural ectopy type management and possibly other urinary tract pathologies might be strongly beneficial.

Dimethoate (DM) is one of the most organophosphorus pesticides used all over the world to control insect pests, the extensive use of this insecticide causes a health hazard to animals and humans.

This study was conducted to evaluate the positive effect of green tea extract on sperm quality and testicular cytoarchitecture in male mice treated with DM and on its reproductive performance.

Mice were divided into three groups, each group contained nine mice, the first group (control) was given distilled water only, the second group received DM at a dose (0.1 ml DM/100 ml distilled water) while the third group was given DM at a dose (0.1 ml DM/ 100 ml distilled water) and the green tea extract at a dose (100 mg/kg). After 20 days of the treatment, six mice from each group were killed, sperm quality (sperm count, morphology motility) and histopathological lesions of testis were evaluated.

The results showed that DM significantly affected sperm quality a decrease in sperm motility and an increase in abnormal sperm morphology and caused marked alterations in the microstructures of testicular tissues. When treated males were mated with untreated females, a decline in the number of live embryos was found, while the green tea extract revealed an effective role by reducing those negative influences.

This study revealed that DM has detrimental effects on sperm quality, testicular tissues, and the embryos, while treatment with green tea revealed a positive role in improving those negative influences of DM without causing any harmful side effects.

This study revealed that DM has detrimental effects on sperm quality, testicular tissues, and the embryos, while treatment with green tea revealed a positive role in improving those negative influences of DM without causing any harmful side effects.

Benign esophageal strictures arise from various etiologies, mostly severe esophagitis. Although endoscopic balloon dilation is still the first-line therapy, refractory or recurrent strictures do occur and remain a challenge to the endoluminal treatment. The aim of this report was to communicate a recurrent esophageal stricture resolution in a cat treated with balloon dilatation and steroid injections in Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.

A 1-year-old spayed mix-breed female cat was consulted to the Veterinary Endoscopy Service for recurring regurgitation after two previous esophageal dilations. The cat had received doxycycline for

spp. infection and 20 days after the treatment consulted for dysphagia and regurgitation. Upper esophagogastroscopy (UGE) was performed with an Olympus CV-160 8.7 mm diameter endoscope; an annular 7 mm stricture was observed 3 cm caudal to the cranial esophagus sphincter. Three balloon dilatations procedures were performed with a Boston Scientific Controlled Radial Expansion be a therapeutic option for recurrent esophageal strictures in cats as it is in human medicine.A prior infection appears to offer some protection, but it is unclear for how long, or whether reinfections are guaranteed to be mild, finds Clare Wilson.Studying brain connectivity has shed light on understanding brain functions. Electroencephalogram signals recorded from the scalp surface comprise inter-dependent multi-channel signals each of which is a linear combination of simultaneously active brain sources as well as adjacent non-brain sources whose activity is widely volume conducted to the scalp through overlapping patterns. Evaluation of brain connectivity based on multivariate autoregressive (MVAR) model identification from neurological time series can be a proper tool for brain signal analysis. However, the MVAR model only considers the lagged influences between time series while ignoring the instantaneous effects (zero-lagged interactions) among simultaneously recorded neurological signals. Hence predicting instant interactions may result in fake connectivity, which may lead to misinterpreting in results. In this study, we aim to find instantaneous effects from coefficients of the MVAR model acquired using an ADALINE neural network and investigate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm by applying it to a simulated signal. We show that our coefficients are estimated accurately from channels of the simulated signal. Moreover, we apply the proposed method on a dataset of a group of 18 healthy children and 10 children with autism by comparing their effective connectivity estimated by direct directed transfer function method using new and old coefficients. Finally, to show the efficiency of the algorithm we exploit the support vector machine method for classifying the dataset. We show that there is a significant improvement in the results obtained from the proposed method.Given the importance of emotion recognition in both medical and non-medical applications, designing an automatic system has captured the attention of several scholars. Currently, EEG-based emotion recognition has a special position, which has not fulfilled the desired accuracy rates yet. This experiment intended to provide novel EEG asymmetry measures to improve emotion recognition rates. Four emotional states have been classified using the k-nearest neighbor (kNN), support vector machine, and Naïve Bayes. Feature selection has been performed, and the role of employing a different number of top-ranked features on emotion recognition rates has been assessed. To validate the efficiency of the proposed scheme, two public databases, including the SJTU Emotion EEG Dataset-IV (SEED-IV) and a Database for Emotion Analysis using Physiological signals (DEAP) were evaluated. The experimental results indicated that kNN outperformed the other classifiers with a maximum accuracy of 95.49 and 98.63% using SEED-IV and DEAP datasets, respectively. In conclusion, the results of the proposed novel EEG-asymmetry measures make the framework a superior one compared to the state-of-art EEG emotion recognition approaches.The high mortality rate of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is mostly due to the high risk of recurrence. A comprehensive understanding of proliferation mechanisms of NSCLC would remarkably contribute to blocking up the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. In our previous study, the remarkable decreased activity of Thiamine-dependent enzymes (TDEs), involving in intermediary metabolism responsible for energy production of tumor, was found under conditions of thiamine deficiency in vivo. To explore the effect of Oxythiamine (OT), a TDEs antimetabolite, on cell growth, we co-cultured A549 cells with OT in vitro at various doses (0.1, 1, 10 and 100 μM) and time periods (6, 12, 24 and 48 h) and subsequent cell proliferation and apoptosis assays were performed respectively. Our findings demonstrated that A549 cells proliferation was significantly downregulated by OT treatment in a progressively dose as well as time dependent manner. Inhibition of TDEs resulted in antagonism of lung cancer growth by inducing cells to cease the cycle as well as apoptotic cell death. We concluded a critical role of OT, a TDEs antagonistic compound, indicating the potential target of its practical use.

Continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS) induces long-lasting inhibitory effects on cortical excitability. Although cTBS has been reported to modulate neural oscillations and functional connectivity, it is still unclear how cTBS affects brain dynamics that could be captured by the resting-sate EEG microstate sequences. This study aims to investigate how cTBS over the left motor cortex affects brain dynamics. We applied 40s-long cTBS over the left motor cortex of 28 healthy participants. Epigenetic inhibitor order Before and in multi-sessions up to 90min after cTBS, their performance in a Nine-Hole Peg Test (NHPT), that measures the hand dexterity, and resting state EEG were recorded. Resting-sate EEG data were clustered into four microstates (namely A, B, C, and D) using k-means clustering algorithms. cTBS-induced changes in NHPT performance, microstate dynamics and functional connectivity networks were comprehensively assessed. As compared with baseline, the completion time of NHPT became shorter immediately after cTBS, suggesting cTBS-induced motor function improvement.